Area: approx. 123,400 sq. miles, slightly smaller than South Dakota
Population: 4,892,808 (2003 est.)
Annual Inflation: 2.1% (2002 est.)
Population Growth Rate: 1.46% (2003 est.)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): $13.88 billion (purchasing power parity, 2002 est.)
Life Expectancy: male ? 59.49 years, female ? 68.03 years (2003 est.)
GDP Per Capita: $2,900 (purchasing power parity, 2002 est.)
Infant Mortality: 75.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Real Annual GDP Growth: 5.3% (2002 est.)
U.S. STRATEGIC INTERESTS
The Kyrgyz Republic has strongly supported the Global War on Terrorism. The Peter J. Ganci Airbase, which is located next to the Manas International Airport just outside of Bishkek, houses approximately 1,100 Coalition troops, services 30 support aircraft and has played a key role in the success of Operation Enduring Freedom. The Kyrgyz Republic is a significant transit country for narcotics smuggled out of Afghanistan and headed to markets in Russia and the rest of Europe. The extreme poverty of the population (60% of which earns $22 or less per month) contributes to the potential for regional instability, as well as increased trafficking of narcotics and persons. The U.S. Government?s (USG) strategic goals in the Kyrgyz Republic include promoting regional stability and the development of a democratic, market-based system, and combating terrorism and narcotics smuggling.
OVERVIEW OF U.S. GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE
In FY 2003, the U.S. Government provided an estimated $70.44 million* in assistance to the Kyrgyz Republic:
- $14.29 million in democratic reform programs (including Public Diplomacy exchange programs)
- $19.91 million in economic and social-sector reform programs;
- $11.36 million in security, regional stability and law enforcement programs;
- $5.29 million in humanitarian programs;
- $3.94 million in cross-sectoral and other programs; and
- privately donated and U.S. Defense Department excess humanitarian commodities valued at $15.64 million.
(*This total includes $90,000 in FY 2002 FREEDOM Support Act (FSA) funds allocated during 2003.)
In FY 2003, over 330 Kyrgyz citizens traveled to the United States on USG-funded training and exchange programs implemented by USAID and the U.S. Departments of Agriculture, Commerce and State, bringing the cumulative number of Kyrgyz participants to over 2,670.
U.S. ASSISTANCE PRIORITIES
Democratic Reform Programs: USG-funded programs to support democratic reform in the Kyrgyz Republic will be critically important over the next two years in the run-up to parliamentary and presidential elections scheduled for 2005. In FY 2003, the USG provided assistance to Parliament to facilitate public hearings and discussion on a variety of laws, while USG-funded civic education programs taught secondary school students about political and constitutional rights and responsibilities. USG assistance to local governments promoted transparency and accountability through public budget hearings. The USG also provided assistance to strengthen the independent media and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to improve the ability of these two key sectors to advocate effectively for greater transparency and accountability in government.
Economic and Social-Sector Reform Programs: The USG provided technical assistance to improve the conditions for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), spur employment, increase the Kyrgyz Government?s ability to provide essential services, and achieve more efficiency in the country?s energy and water sectors. An agricultural initiative in the Ferghana Valley provided business and trade advisory services, helped reduce crossborder barriers to trade, introduced higher-value crops and fostered private sales of fertilizer, seeds, and crop protection products. USG-funded technical assistance also helped ensure greater compliance with World Trade Organization (WTO) norms and improved trade policies.
Security, Regional Stability and Law Enforcement Programs: Although the security situation in the Kyrgyz Republic remained stable in 2003, several events led to heightened concerns, including potentially terrorist-related bombings in Bishkek and the southern city of Osh, and an attack at a police station in the southern part of the country. The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) remained in the region, although no terrorist acts have been clearly linked to this organization; Hizb ut-Tahrir continued to generate concern among the host nation's security services. The Kyrgyz Government remained concerned about the increasing problem of drug trafficking through Kyrgyz territory, and the corresponding increase in drug use in the Kyrgyz Republic. The USG helped to combat religious extremism by sending the country?s Muslim leadership, including the Mufti, to the United States on religious tolerance programs.
SECTORAL ASSESSMENTS
Democratic Reform
Democratic reform suffered in the Kyrgyz Republic during FY 2003. A constitutional referendum held in February 2003 greatly increased presidential control and placed further limits on both judicial and parliamentary independence, as well as on the activities of civil society organizations. Prior to the referendum, Kyrgyz Government harassment of NGOs and libel suits against the media limited the ability of civil society organizations and independent media to express their views freely. Freedom House ratings worsened during the year, and the consensus among donors is that internal corruption also worsened. Transparency International, assessing the Kyrgyz Republic for the first time, ranked the country 118 out of 131 in terms of perceived corruption. Reformist and anti-reform elements within the Kyrgyz Government continued to struggle for dominance. The existing draft electoral and political party laws were far from meeting international standards. Despite these negative tendencies, however, the Kyrgyz Republic remained the most open, free society in Central Asia and the one most likely to achieve sustainable reforms. President Akayev stated publicly that he would step down at the end of his term of office in 2005, leading to guarded hopes for real democratic reform.
USG-funded human rights programs focused on prisons, torture and freedom of journalists. USG assistance to parliament facilitated public hearings on a variety of laws, while a USG-funded local governance program helped draft a newly approved law that, starting January 1, 2005, is expected to change completely the financing of local governments, allowing far more local control of revenues and a more responsive civil service at the local level. In the area of conflict resolution, USAID worked with communities in the densely populated Ferghana Valley to reduce sources of local conflict.
A network of 11 NGO resource centers located throughout the Kyrgyz Republic was registered in FY 2003. With the help of USG assistance, NGOs undertook a successful advocacy campaign in 2003 to urge government to establish tax-exempt status for grants and humanitarian aid, conducting 14 roundtables in all of the country?s provinces with a total of 350 participants from NGOs, mass media and state institutions. In March 2003, a bill amending the tax code and codifying the tax-exempt status was signed by the President and came into force later that month.
In FY 2003, the few independent and very active media outlets in the Kyrgyz Republic experienced pressure and harassment from the government during the several months prior to the constitutional referendum. Nonetheless, with the help of USG-funded small grants, some regional television stations continued to aggressively report on local issues; their ability to remain economically viable, however, remained in question, given the country?s poorly developed advertising market. With USG assistance, a few radio stations began to produce more of their own news and informational programming, but this area of the independent media sector remained largely unexplored. With the support of the Kyrgyz Government, the USG provided funding to open the first truly independent printing press in the Kyrgyz Republic.
In FY 2004, USG assistance will continue to work in all of the areas discussed above. Priority areas will include increasing the sustainability of the local NGOs and strengthening the independence of mass media outlets. In the run-up to the 2005 elections, additional assistance will be provided to make the parliamentary and electoral procedures more open and transparent. The USG also will support activities to support the non-partisan development of political parties. The USG-funded local government initiative will work with local authorities in 22 cities and nine villages in a continued effort to institute transparent and accountable local governments and to prepare local officials for the entry into effect of the new law on local government financing.
Economic and Social Sector Reform
Despite a dearth of natural resources, the Kyrgyz Republic has been one of the economic reform leaders in the region. Kyrgyz Government data show that the country?s GDP grew by 5.9% during first ten months of 2003. The average monthly salary increased by 13.5 % and was equivalent to approximately $40; however, unequal income distribution remained an obstacle to economic progress. External debt was $1.9 billion at the end of first quarter of 2003, a 7.8% increase over the first quarter of 2002, making Paris Club debt relief a top priority of the Kyrgyz Government. Total tax collections increased by about 14%, and inflation was about 2.6% during the first 10 months of 2003. The Kyrgyz national currency, the som, remained essentially stable against the dollar. Bank deposits increased by 25%, which, along with investments by three Kazakhstani banks, showed greater confidence in the banking system. The Kyrgyz Republic?s total foreign currency reserves had grown to $180 million by October 2003. According to a USG survey of business perceptions, the overall business environment in the Kyrgyz Republic showed modest improvement.
The USG provided support to the Investor Roundtable, a body of senior Kyrgyz Government officials and private-sector representatives that advises the government on the legal and regulatory environment for businesses. USG assistance has facilitated the drafting of a number of new pieces of reform legislation, including a draft law on technical regulations to modernize quality standards and reduce the tremendous costs that businesses bear in complying with outmoded standards. A new property tax law will improve local government finances. USG assistance also facilitated improvements in tax administration and budgeting practices that resulted in increased transparency and accountability and contributed to a 14% increase in collections. Several cities have adopted open zoning laws, thus helping to reduce corruption.
Trade barriers such as the border closure with Uzbekistan, protectionist measures on the part of Kazakhstan, and corruption continued to be formidable. Many lucrative businesses and investment projects were monopolized by a small group of politically well-connected entrepreneurs. A maze of uncodified "fees" continued to constrain free enterprise. However, foreign direct investment increased, and rising gold prices gave a boost to the country?s mining sector. The President showed a commitment to reducing the burden on SMEs by extending a moratorium on the introduction of any new licensing requirements until April 2004.
The Kyrgyz Government made progress in WTO compliance efforts with the June 2003 establishment of an Interagency Commission on WTO Compliance and the promulgation of resolutions, drafted with USG assistance, that ensure greater WTO compliance and improved trade policies. In the area of taxation, the USG and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) jointly helped create a Large Taxpayer Unit (LTU), which began operations in May 2003. In 2004, a major effort will be undertaken to help Kyrgyz Government counterparts rewrite the tax code. Microfinance assistance disbursed a total of $9 million in loans and served 32,512 clients.
The health sector continued to suffer from low budget allocations and low salaries for healthcare workers. Only 2.3% of the country?s GDP was allocated to public expenditures on health. Tuberculosis (TB), malaria and HIV/AIDS continued to pose significant health challenges, as did chronic heart disease. The national TB control program was completely dependent on donor support for its supply of drugs, and the country faced several treatment interruptions due to a lack of drugs. Since 1995, the TB case notification rate has risen by 43% (from 72.4 per 100,000 individuals in 1995 to 126.4 in 2002). The mortality rate increased by 3% (from 13.4 per 100,000 individuals in 1995 to 13.9 in 2002. USG assistance strengthened the National TB Center?s laboratory capacity and helped develop a TB epidemiology surveillance case-based management system for the eight major TB dispensaries that cover the entire country. USAID also assisted in establishing a malaria program focused on training in early diagnosis and treatment, and conducting selective vector control activities.
USG-funded health care reform assistance supported one of the most far-reaching reforms in the entire former Soviet Union, leading Kyrgyz citizens increasingly to seek outpatient care from primary health care (PHC) practices, rather than costly specialty clinics. The percentage of the population serviced by a comprehensive, cost-effective health care system increased from 53.3% to 58.2%. An important aspect of this system was the new family doctor system, which provides incentives for doctors to provide quality care. PHC practices now provide maternal and child health care services and address infectious diseases. In 2003, USG assistance facilitated the drafting of five laws, of which two were passed, including a Single Payer Law, which established the Health Insurance Fund as the purchaser for all health services nationwide. By establishing financing mechanisms, these laws will help ensure sustainability of the reforms.
Public funding for education fell from 7.5% of GDP in 1991 to just 3.9% in 2001. Although this gap has been partly offset by increased private spending for education, it creates a major education gap between richer and poorer communities. The USG assisted in the establishment of 11 teacher-training centers to work with surrounding schools to train primary and secondary teachers and administrators. The program also involved limited rehabilitation of school infrastructure, as well as assistance to the Ministry of Education on education finance. The USG is also providing a $10 million endowment for the American University of Central Asia (AUCA) to be matched by $5 million in support from the Soros-funded Open Society institute. The endowment will contribute to the sustainability of AUCA in providing a model of free inquiry and transparency in education for the region.
To combat corruption in the university admissions process, the USG worked with the Kyrgyz Ministry of Education to establish an independent agency that began conducting a standardized, nationwide merit-based test for high school graduates applying for Kyrgyz Government scholarships to Kyrgyz universities. The test has significantly reduced opportunities for corruption in the awarding of these scholarships. In a complementary effort to combat the rampant bribery and cheating in Kyrgyz universities, the USG awarded small grants to student groups focused on advancing academic integrity, stimulating an open discussion of these issues, and promoting ethical behavior on the part of future leaders. These groups generated a groundswell of support among fellow students frustrated by cheating and bribery. Groups at 11 universities held discussion forums and debates, wrote honor codes that were subsequently approved by student referendums, organized student governments, and worked with university administrations to put into place measures to hold students and teachers accountable.
Security, Regional Stability and Law Enforcement Programs
In FY 2003, the USG continued to provide security assistance to and conduct cooperative activities with the Kyrgyz Government, most visibly through the continued presence of U.S. Air Force personnel and aircraft at the Ganci Airbase. Under the Aviation/Interdiction Program, two Russian helicopters were provided to enhance the Kyrgyz Republic?s border security and to upgrade the country?s interdiction capability.
The Kyrgyz Republic?s regional relationships continued to impede its progress toward security. Uzbekistan has essentially closed its borders, which has had negative economic impacts that affect the Kyrgyz Republic?s overall security posture. Corruption, particularly in the highest levels of the Border Guard, also continued to be a problem. To combat corruption, the USG-funded Export Control and Related Border Security (EXBS) Assistance Program has been issuing equipment to bases rather than to the central bureaucracy whenever possible. The Kyrgyz Republic continues to fall behind its neighbors (with the exception of Tajikistan) in export controls and border security due to the low level of funding for the agencies responsible for these issues. The major challenge facing the Kyrgyz Government and donor countries and will be the refurbishment of border posts and checkpoints. After assessing border posts to determine priorities for refurbishment, the EXBS Program plans to move forward with construction activities in summer 2004. Another major challenge is to develop effective modern methods of information management for the border agencies in order for them to control exports, imports, transit goods, and personnel more effectively.
With the help of $6.3 million in USG funds, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) worked with the Kyrgyz Government to establish the Kyrgyz Drug Control Agency in June 2003. The Drug Control Agency will have a direct advisory role to President Akayev. The USG is also working with the Kyrgyz Government to establish a new travel document system in the Kyrgyz Republic to prevent the fraudulent use of Kyrgyz passports by terrorists.
In FY 2003, the USG supported the Kyrgyz Government?s efforts to combat human trafficking, as a result of which the Kyrgyz Republic moved from Tier III to Tier II in the State Department?s annual Global Trafficking in Persons Report for 2003. A USG-funded anti-trafficking program trained 1,526 law enforcement representatives in what constitutes human trafficking, how to identify a trafficking victim and where to refer victims for protection and support. USG funding also helped open the first shelter for trafficking victims in the Kyrgyz Republic.
In FY 2003, the USG continued its outreach to former Soviet weapons-of-mass-destruction (WMD) scientists through the multilateral International Science and Technology Center (ISTC), and the U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation (CRDF) ? two institutions that redirect former Soviet weapons scientists to peaceful scientific research. The CRDF financed commercialization workshops and grants for peaceful research and equipment upgrades for the Kyrgyz-Russian International Geodynamics Research Center, which provides employment for nuclear weapons scientists in monitoring natural and man-made seismic activity throughout the region.
Humanitarian Assistance
An estimated 47% of the population of the Kyrgyz Republic lived below the poverty line in FY 2003. Kyrgyz Government support for social institutions that serve the neediest segments of the population remained inadequate. Despite an impressive record of reform, the Kyrgyz Republic continued to experience acute shortages of medicines. In 2003, a landslide destroyed a village in the southern oblast of Osh.
In FY 2003, the USG funded the transportation of six airlifts of critical medicines and medical supplies and 95 containers of surface-shipped medical equipment and supplies, clothing, food, and emergency shelter items valued at $15.6 million. Of this amount, more than $7.8 million in medicines were provided to government clinics and hospitals, and $5 million in commodities were provided to institutions that serve the elderly, orphans, and disabled.
In FY 2003, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) donated approximately $3 million in food assistance to the Kyrgyz Republic, half of which was used to feed schoolchildren in kindergartens and boarding schools and the other half of which was monetized to support micro-credit programs for women entrepreneurs and small businesses in rural areas. In addition, USAID provided an emergency grant of $50,000 to help resettle 38 families whose houses were destroyed in a landslide in Uzgen Rayon (County).
COUNTRY PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Democratic reform fared poorly in the Kyrgyz Republic in FY 2003. Presidential control over political and civic society tightened, and independent media came under increasing government pressure. At the same time, however, the Kyrgyz Republic continued as an economic reform leader. In 2003, the banking system grew stronger, and the overall investment climate improved modestly.
Economic Policy Reforms and Democratic Reforms in the Kyrgyz Republic, 1991-2002
Democratic Reforms
Ratings of democratic freedoms are from Freedom House, Nations in Transit 2003 (2003) and cover events through December 2002. Economic policy reform ratings are from EBRD, Transition Report 2002 (November 2002), and cover events through September 2002. Economic policy reforms include price liberalization, trade and foreign exchange, privatization, legal, banking and capital markets, enterprise restructuring (credit and subsidy policy), and infrastructure reforms. Democratic freedoms include political rights (free and fair elections; openness of the political system to competing political parties and to minority group representation; governance and public administration) and civil liberties (free media and judiciary; freedom to develop NGOs and trade unions; equality of opportunity and freedom from corruption). Ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 representing the most advanced.
The Kyrgyz Republic recorded strong economic growth in FY 2003, especially in the natural resources sectors. Policies were enacted to promoted SME development, as well. However, health and other social sectors continued to suffer from a lack of central government funding and a failure to implement widespread reforms to improve efficiencies and coverage.
Economic Structure and Human Development in the Kyrgyz Republic, 1991-2002 
Human Capital Index
The Human Capital Index is based on an average rating of four variables scored on a 1 to 10 scale: per capita income, secondary school enrollment, health, as measured by life expectancy and under 5 mortality, and public policy, as measured by public expenditure on health and education as % of GDP. World Bank, World Development Indicators 2003 (2003); and UNICEF, Social Monitor 2003 (2003). Economic Structure is based on an average rating of three variables scored on a 1 to 10 scale: private sector share of GDP, export share of GDP, and SME employment as % of total employment. EBRD, Transition Report Update (May 2003), World Bank, World Development Indicators 2003 (2003), and Ayyagari, Beck, and Demirguc-Kunt, Small and Medium Enterprises across the Globe: A New Database, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3127, (August 2003).
SECTORAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES
DEMOCRATIC REFORM
Performance Indicator: Freedom House Nations in Transit 2003 Democratization Index
(1 = highest, 7 = lowest; data based on previous calendar year)
|
FY 2002 Baseline |
FY 2003 Target |
FY 2003 Actual |
|
5.38 |
|
5.63 |
FY 2003 Results: Corruption was on the increase, and the early 2003 constitutional referendum greatly increased presidential powers and granted lifetime immunity to ex-presidents. During the run-up to the referendum, the Kyrgyz Government limited the ability of the civil society and independent media to freely express their concerns through harassment of NGOs and libel suits against the media. The election law passed by the Parliament, though not yet signed by the President, reflects some, but not all the recommendations provided by OSCE and other interested parties. The USG is evaluating the text along with OSCE and others, and will recommend against the President signing the law if it fails to meet international standards.
Performance Indicator: USAID NGO Sustainability Index
|
FY 2002 Baseline |
FY 2003 Target |
FY 2003 Actual |
|
4.1 |
4.2 |
Data not yet available |
FY 2003 Results: The NGO sector in the Kyrgyz Republic is still highly dependent upon foreign donors. However, the Kyrgyz government has become increasingly supportive of NGOs, especially those that work in social services for which the government lacks resources. NGOs, while discouraged by the outcome of the Constitutional referendum, have become more confident and active in both the political and social arenas. The increasing maturity of the NGO community was demonstrated through its collaborative advocacy campaign to amend the tax code to provide for grants and humanitarian aid to be tax-exempt.
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL REFORM
Performance Indicators: EBRD Transition Report 2003 (scale of 1 to 4, 1 implies little or no progress with reform and 4 implies a market economy)
|
FY 2002 Baseline |
FY 2003 Target |
FY 2003 Actual | |
| Index on price liberalization |
4.3 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
| Index on foreign exchange and trade liberaliztion |
4.3 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
| Index on small-scale privatization |
4.0 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
| Index on large-scale privatization |
3.0 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
| Index on enterprise reform |
2.0 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
| Index on competition policy |
2.0 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
| Index on infrastructure reform |
1.3 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
| Index on banking sector reform |
2.3 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
| Index on reform of non-bank financial institutions |
2.0 |
Not established |
Data not yet available |
FY 2003 Results: In FY 2003, the Kyrgyz Government continued to make progress in the area of trade liberalization. With USAID assistance, a Presidential Committee on Technical Regulation Reform completed a WTO-compliant draft Law on Technical Regulations. A new customs code was drafted with the assistance of USAID experts and is now being reviewed by the Parliament. Although small-scale privatization has been successful, large-scale privatization has been slow due to inaccurate valuations of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and difficulties satisfying the vested interests of these entities. However, several larger SOEs (Kyrgyz Telecom and KyrgyzNeftGas) are currently in the tender process. Although the index does not show an improvement in the banking sector, three Kazakh banks recently bought out or merged with local Kyrgyz banks, leading some to believe that regional investors do have confidence in the banking sector, as well as in the Kyrgyz economy as a whole. Laws on collateral, banking and banking activity, which include articles to allow for consolidated supervision, are all under review by Parliament. An anti-money-laundering law has been drafted and is being reviewed by the IMF. The overall business environment in the Kyrgyz Republic showed modest improvement according to a USAID survey of business perceptions.
Performance Indicator: Incidence of Tuberculosis (new cases per 100,000)
(Source: Kyrgyz National Tuberculosis Program)
|
FY 2002 Baseline |
FY 2003 Target |
FY 2003 Actual |
|
126.4 |
Not established |
Not available |
FY 2003 Results: Tuberculosis (TB) laboratories and facilities met targets on minimum standards, but TB cure rates are still low, probably as a result of drug shortages in late 2002. The country faced several treatment interruptions due to shortages of TB drugs and poor distribution to the regions. Since 1995, the TB case notification rate has risen by 43% (from 72.4 in 1995 to 126.4 per 100,000 of population in 2002). The mortality rate has increased by 3.7% from 13.4 per 100,000 in 1995 to 13.9 per 100,000 in 2002.
FY 2003 FUNDS BUDGETED FOR U.S. GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE TO THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
TOTAL USG FUNDS BUDGETED: $54.71
VALUE OF DONATED HUMANITARIAN COMMODITIES: $15.64
TOTAL FY 2003 USG ASSISTANCE: $70.35
(IN MILLIONS, AS OF 12/31/03)
FSA FUNDS BUDGETED: $38.33
USAID - Democratic Reform - $5.60
USAID - Environmental Management - $1.68
USAID - Parking Fine Withholding - $0.00
USAID - Private-Sector Initiatives - $11.89
USAID - Social-Sector Reform - $5.46
USAID - Special/Cross Cutting Initiatives - $2.45
USAID - x Eurasia Foundation - $1.34
USAID TOTAL - $28.42
Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) - Cochran Fellowship Program - $0.20
Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) - Faculty Exchange Program (FEP) - $0.13
DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE (USDA) TOTAL - $0.33
Dept. of Commerce - BISNIS Business Info. Service - $0.09
Dept. of Commerce - SABIT Business Internships/Training - $0.20
DEPT. OF COMMERCE TOTAL - $0.29
Dept. of State - ECA Public Diplomacy Exchanges - $3.80
Dept. of State - EUR Democracy Programs (incl.Dem.Comms.& NED) - $0.92
Dept. of State - EUR/ACE Humanitarian Transport - $1.60
Dept. of State - Export Control & Related Border Security (EXBS) - $1.50
Dept. of State - INL Law Enforcement - $0.50
Dept. of State - OSCE Projects - $0.45
DEPT. OF STATE TOTAL - $8.77
NSF - Civilian R&D Foundation (CRDF) - $0.53
OTHER FUNDS BUDGETED: $16.38
USAID - P.L. 480, Title II Food Assistance - $0.10
USAID TOTAL - $0.10
Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) - PVO / NGO Food Aid Programs - $3.32
DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE (USDA) TOTAL - $3.32
Dept. of State - DRL Human Rights & Democracy Fund - $1.54
Dept. of State - ECA Public Diplomacy Exchanges - $0.55
Dept. of State - Export Control & Related Border Security (EXBS) - $2.00
Dept. of State - Foreign Military Financing (FMF) - $3.90
Dept. of State - International Information Programs (IIP) - $0.02
Dept. of State - Internatl. Military Educ. & Training (IMET) - $1.07
Dept. of State - PRM Humanitarian Assistance - $0.27
Dept. of State - Science Centers - $1.00
DEPT. OF STATE TOTAL - $10.35
Dept. of Defense - International Counterproliferation --$0.50
Dept. of Defense - Warsaw Initiative - $0.29
DEPT. OF DEFENSE TOTAL - $0.79
Dept. of Education - Fulbright-Hays Exchange Programs - $0.07
Peace Corps - Volunteers - $1.47
Trade & Development Agency (USTDA) - Feasibility Studies - $0.28
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