Selected Metrics

This section provides an initial assessment of the impact to date of projects in several essential services sectors. Although these assessments draw on the widest possible inputs, in some cases (where noted), data is simply lacking.

Justice, Security, and Law Enforcement:

• The Coalition has met its force generation targets, having trained and equipped 323,000 personnel for the Iraqi military and police, including: 134,700 for the Ministry of Defense; 135,000 for the Iraqi Police Service; 28,400 for the Department of Border Enforcement; and 24,000 for the Iraqi National Police.
  
• IRRF programs have supported improvements to courthouses, which are improving the ability of Iraqi judges to try cases more expeditiously, and in greater safety.
  
• IRRF projects also are rehabilitating existing and building new prisons, which are providing the Iraqi Government with facilities to accommodate those convicted by courts. The new prisons will expand prison capacity and also help improve the overall standard of Iraqi prisons.
  
• IRRF projects also have delivered training, advising, and mentoring to Iraqi Corrections Service staff in modern prison techniques.

Electricity:

• To date, IRRF electricity projects have added, rehabilitated or maintained 2,700 MW of generation capacity, roughly 30% of Iraq's total. When IRRF generation projects are completed by the end of 2007, we expect to add, rehabilitate, and maintain an additional 1,000 MW of electricity generation capacity through IRRF projects.
  
• Despite insurgent attacks on critical transmission lines, average electricity production by the Ministry of Electricity in October-December 2006 was 1% higher than in the same period of 2005 and 7% higher than in the same period of 2004. Average peak generation for October-December 2006 was 2% higher than in the same period of 2004 and 2005.
  
• The full-year average peak generation in FY 2005 and FY 2006 was approximately equal to the estimated pre-war level of 2002.
  
• Hours of power in Baghdad have suffered as the result of a) the northern and southern governorates retaining electricity in their regions, b) increased loading to the national network, and c) interdictions on critical transmission lines. However, nationwide hours of power in other parts of the country are above the pre-war level.
  
• Demand in the October-December 2006 was 21% higher than the same period in 2005 and 29% higher than 2004.

Iraqi Electricity Metrics
	Pre-War, 2002	FY 2005	FY 2006	FY 07
Feasible generation capacity added, rehabilitated or maintained by USG projects (MW, cumulative)	--	1,400	2,700	2,700
Daily Electricity Production (MWh), Seasonal average (October-December)	N/A	85,514	90,122	91,239
Daily Electricity Production (MWh), Full-year average	95,600	90,797	94,464	NA
Daily Peak Generation of National Grid (MW), Seasonal average (October-December)	N/A	4,137	4,131	4,221
Daily Peak Generation of National Grid (MW), Full-year average	4,300	4,297	4,263	NA
Hours of Power for essential services, nationwide (est.)	N/A	20-24	20-24	20-24
Hours of Power, nationwide (October-December) (est.)	4-12	N/A	13.2	11.3
Hours of Power, Baghdad ((October-December) (est.)	12-24	8.9	8.0	6.6

N/A = Not available
-- = Not applicable
NB: All figures exclude private electricity generation via household and neighborhood generators.

Oil:

• U.S. projects have helped Iraq stabilize its oil production and recover from decades of neglect under the previous regime.
  
• In 2002, UN Oil for Food data shows that Iraq produced 2.0 million barrels a day and exported 1.3 million barrels per day.
  
• For 2006, production averaged 2.13 million barrels a day, and exports averaged 1.50 million barrels per day.
  
• The Government of Iraq assumes an annual average of 2.1 million barrels a day in 2007. The Government of Iraq also seeks to increase capacity to 2.8 million barrels a day, which it hopes to reach by September 30, 2007. Iraq hopes to average a total of 1.7 million barrels a day of exports in 2007.
  
• Production in the north has been affected by the sabotage of the stabilization plant in Kirkuk in February 2006. The plant removes hydrogen sulfide from the crude oil, a corrosive agent to piping.

Water and Sanitation:

• U.S. assistance has significantly improved water and sewage services for Iraqis. Before April 2003, many of the country's water treatment plants were in serious disrepair, and the wastewater treatment plants were either completely inoperable or only partially operational. Access to safe and reliable drinking water was very limited. Sewage overflows or discharges from homes created stagnant pools within neighborhoods or emptied directly into nearby rivers.
  
• Since liberation, twenty potable water treatment facilities have been built or rehabilitated, and nine centralized sewage treatment facilities have been rehabilitated. As a result of these IRRF-funded projects to date, an additional 5.4 million Iraqis potentially have improved access to potable water and an additional 5.1 million Iraqis potentially have improved access to sewage treatment services.

Water and Sanitation Metrics (Source: IRMO)
	Contribution from U.S. Projects as of 1st Quarter FY2007	Anticipated End State1
Water - maximum additional system capacity	1.66 million cubic meters per day	2.374 million cubic meters per day
Water - additional persons served	5.35 million	8.2 million
Sewage - maximum additional system capacity	1.2 million cubic meters per day	1.22 million cubic meters per day
Sewage - additional persons served	5.1 million	5.2 million

¹End states may change depending on actual scope of yet to be completed projects.

Aviation:

• U.S.-funded projects have had a significant impact in restoring Iraqi civil aviation. While there were no functioning airports at the end of the war, five now offer regular service.
  
• U.S.-funded civil aviation projects helped Iraq carry out 5,100 flights in March, 2006. We expect Iraq will increase its civil aviation capacity to 6,500 flights per month.
  
• These projects include the Baghdad terminal and tower construction, navigation and visual aids, and radar equipment; Basrah radar and navigational aids; and a new air traffic control tower, navigation aids, and visual aids at Mosul.

Ports:

• At the end of the war, only one of the docks at Umm Qasr functioned, but only at high tide. U.S.-funded projects have helped revitalize Umm Qasr by building a new operations center building, refurbishing cranes, and cleaning up berths.
  
• As a result of U.S. projects the port is now functioning, fostering the return of international shipping.
  

Telecommunications and Media:

The Iraqi telecommunications and media sectors have blossomed as a direct result of liberalization of the sectors as well as private investment; particularly in cell phone networks and Internet cafes.

• Three cell phone operators have reached 8.7 million subscribers. An Iraqi official has stated that total investment in the cell phone sector has reached nearly $1 billion.
  
• The number of landline subscribers of the state-owned Iraqi Telephone and Postal Company continues to inch upwards. The USG replaced 12 telephone switches and one international gateway in Baghdad under IRRF I.
  
• The number of Internet subscribers of the state-owned Internet Company is approximately 230,000. Tens or perhaps hundreds of thousands of Iraqis use public Internet cafes, which were not funded by the USG.

Iraqi Telecommunications and Media Metrics
	Pre-War, 2002	2004	2005	2006	Q1 2007
Cell phone subscribers (million)	.05	1.4	4.9	7.9	8.7
Landline subscribers (million)	.83	.96	.98	1	1
Internet subscribers (thousands, excluding Internet cafes)	8	120	213	207	230

Health:

• The Iraqi healthcare system had not been funded or managed in a sustainable, systematic manner for at least two decades before liberation. Quality of care and efficiency of delivery was limited by several factors, including: facility location not in line with current demographics; dilapidated infrastructure and poor or non-existent biomedical and health facility maintenance; limited supplies of medications, other supplies, and modern equipment; and lack of continuing medical education and training for clinicians as healthcare advanced.
  
• Helping the Iraqi Ministry of Health (MoH) convert its healthcare system from the current centralized, inpatient, specialty care hospital-based model to an outpatient primary healthcare-based system will help to improve the health of the overall population, especially in the fields of women's health, preventive medicine, and maternal and child health. It also will provide a sustainable healthcare delivery system that improves services for the most vulnerable population groups.
  
• IRRF-funded projects to date have renovated 147 existing Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCs); equipped 600 existing PHCs; built and equipped six small PHCs and completed 7 of 142 planned Model PHCs. Eleven hospitals have been rehabilitated to date, and 9 more projects are underway. In addition, $67 million of new medical equipment has been delivered to the Iraqi MoH that will benefit healthcare facilities in all 18 governorates by replacing outdated equipment and upgrading care capabilities.
  
• Vaccination campaigns have helped reduce the outbreak of previously endemic diseases. Nationwide annual vaccination campaigns have inoculated 98% of Iraqi children aged 12-60 months against measles, mumps, and rubella. Lab-confirmed measles cases dropped by 90% from 2004 to 2005.
  
• Ninety-seven percent of Iraqi children under five have been inoculated against polio. Since liberation, there has been maintenance of polio-free status with no new cases.
  
• Malaria cases have decreased from 1,043 in 2002 to 86 in 2005.

Health Metrics
Health Care Facilities	Current State as of 1Q FY2007		IRRF Planned End State
Hospitals Rehabilitated1	15		20
Hospital Constructed2	0		1
Primary Healthcare Centers Rehabilitated2,3	147		147
Primary Healthcare Centers Equipped2, 4	600		600
Small Primary Healthcare Centers Built and Equipped2,5	6		6
Model Primary Healthcare Centers Completed to Operational Stage1,6	7		142
Health Care Services - Training2,7		Number of Iraqis Trained as of 1Q FY2007
Primary Health Care Physicians and Other Health Workers		3,707
Health Care Services - Vaccinations2,8		Number Vaccinated as of 1Q FY2007
Children Ages 12-60 Months Vaccinated Against Measles, Mumps & Rubella in Annual Campaigns in 2004 and 2005		3.6 Million (98% of Target Population)
Children Under Age Five Vaccinated Against Polio in Annual Campaigns in 2004, 2005, and 2006		4.6 Million (97% of Target Population)
Pregnant Women Vaccinated Against Tetanus in 2004 Campaign		700,000

¹PCO
²USAID
³37 of these rehabilitated PHCs were supported by USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) program.
⁴Primary health care equipment kits consisted of 58 items essential for primary health care service delivery with an emphasis on maternal and child health. The MoH and contractor jointly determined the PHCs that would benefit most from receipt of these kits.
⁵These small Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCs) were completed by UNICEF in conjunction with the Ministry of Health, using USAID grant funds from IRRF I. These basic PHCs serve remote or underserved areas.
⁶Building construction completed, equipment delivered, staff trained, facility transferred to MoH ready for patient care.
⁷Physicians, nurses, medical assistants, and other health care workers received training on maternal, child, and other primary health care subjects to improve the quality of patient care (IRRF I and IRRF II funds).
⁸The Iraqi MoH follows the WHO's Expanded Program on Immunizations (EPI) schedule for routine vaccinations. IRRF funds have assisted WHO and UNICEF with annual vaccination campaigns in Iraq.