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Foreign Relations, 1961-1963, Arms Control and Disarmament

Released by the Office of the Historian
Index

Index

Aardvark shot, 490
Accidental warfare:

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 318
Khrushchev on, 80, 498, 787, 792
McCloy/Gromyko meeting, 33
NIE on, 749
UK, Rusk visit, 475
UN resolution on weapons in outer space, 896

Adenauer, Konrad:

China, 777, 871
de Gaulle talks, 778
Kennedy, letters exchanged, 777 - 778, 870 - 872, 876n
Limited Test Ban Treaty, 777 - 778, 870 - 872, 873 - 876
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763 - 765, 778n
non - diffusion negotiations, 571, 582

Ad Hoc Panel on Nuclear Testing. See Panofsky Panel Report.
Ad Hoc Panel on the Technical Capabilities and Implications of the Geneva System. See Fisk Panel Report.
Africa (see also specific countries), 451, 593, 781, 808, 889

NIE on US resumption of testing, 4
Sahara Desert, French tests, 694, 698, 709, 842, 856 - 857

Agricultural sector, 800
AICBM. See Air - launched intercontinental ballistic missiles.
Aircraft:

B - 47s, 421, 424, 433, 770, 787
B - 52s, 153, 505, 706, 794 - 795
Badgers, 421, 424, 770, 787
nuclear propulsion, 548, 762

Air forces (see also Missiles; United States Air Force):
Khrushchev/Kennedy talks, open skies, 91

Khrushchev/McCloy meeting, 112 - 113
NORAD, 643

Air Force Technical Application Center:

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, briefing on, 551
test detection, 489 - 491, 500, 514 - 516, 645
testing resumption by US, 2n, 6 - 7, 153, 211
USSR, testing during moratorium, 51n

Air - launched intercontinental ballistic missiles (AICBM), 31, 62 - 65, 71, 117, 118, 129, 145, 177, 179, 188, 189 - 191, 250 - 251, 261, 286, 321, 742

Brown on, 129, 261, 265, 269, 270
China, 320
Committee of Principals, 145, 147
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee on, 408, 410
Gilpatric on, 313, 314
Inspection Study Group, conclusions, 526
JCS memo, 684, 890
Kaysen on, 299, 300 - 302
McNamara on, 117, 118
McNaughton on, 292
Nike - Zeus missiles, 40, 64, 65, 108, 122, 129, 153, 216, 269, 300 - 301, 333
NSC on, 217 - 218, 246
Taylor on, 134

Akalovsky, Alexander, 28n, 380, 493, 572, 589, 855n, 856, 894
Albert, Carl, 92
Alphand, Herve, 593, 641n, 650 - 652, 711n, 791 - 794
Alsop, Joseph, 763
American University, Kennedy speech, 709 - 714, 727, 737, 801
Anderson, Clinton, 356, 822
Anderson, Adm. George W., Jr., 724n, 783
Antarctic Treaty, 483
Anti - ballistic missiles, 40, 48, 73, 134, 179, 189, 199, 201, 215, 333, 336 - 337, 605, 654, 865

Macmillan/Kennedy talks, 272, 273, 275, 277, 756
Macmillan/Rusk talks, 471

Arends, Leslie H., 92
Argentina, 249, 403
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 344

atmospheric testing, 220, 334, 478, 500
B - 52 - deliverable bomb development, 794 - 795
China, 425, 427
CIA on treaty proposal, 431, 653 - 654
Committee of Principals, 345 - 347, 351, 418 - 421, 603, 611, 679 - 681, 692
ACDA treaty proposals, 417 - 422, 428 - 433, 436 - 438, 461 - 468, 507 - 509, 649 - 650, 679 - 683, 692, 719 - 726, 772 - 776, 900 - 901
comprehensive test ban, 679 - 681
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 340 - 343, 360 - 361, 369, 422 - 425, 461 - 468, 499 - 509, 603n, 648 - 650, 879, 900 - 901
Fisher on role, 387, 388, 406 - 411
Foster on treaty proposals, 417 - 425, 426 - 438, 461 - 468, 507 - 509, 603 - 604, 653 - 654, 679, 682, 719 - 724, 772, 774, 775
GCD treaty proposal, 417 - 425, 426 - 438, 500 - 506, 508, 603 - 604, 772 - 776, 904
AEC position, 433, 434
conventional weapons, 466 - 468, 773, 776, 904
Defense Department, 423, 424, 427, 428, 433, 434 - 437, 721
delivery vehicles, reduction plan, 346 - 347
Fisher on, 418 - 419, 432, 467, 500
German position, 904 - 905
Kaysen on, 425, 429, 430, 434 - 436, 437, 724
military personal reductions, 427, 464 - 467, 506 - 507
missile reduction provisions, 345 - 351, 406 - 411, 430 - 432, 434 - 436, 465, 603 - 604, 772 - 776
Rusk on, 422, 423, 428 - 433, 436 - 437, 500 - 506, 603, 679 - 682, 904 - 905
Wiesner on, 420 - 424, 429 - 431, 500, 774
German position on treaty proposal, 904 - 905
Gilpatric on treaty proposal, 423, 424, 428 - 432, 437
inspection issues, 370, 417 - 418, 421, 427, 488, 500, 648 - 649, 772 - 773, 775
JCS on treaty proposal, 422 - 424, 426 - 427, 431, 434, 437, 720 - 724
Kennedy on treaty proposal, 422, 423, 434 - 436, 437, 507 - 509, 518 - 519, 522, 648, 692, 734 - 735
Lemnitzer on treaty proposal, 426 - 427, 431, 432, 437
McNamara on treaty proposal, 426 - 427, 462 - 467, 679, 681 - 682
non - diffusion negotiations, 570n, 571
North Atlantic Council on treaty proposal, 423
orbiting nuclear weapons, 893
outer space, 564
seismic sensing, 489 - 490, 514 - 516, 539, 649
Stennis Committee, 680
test ban proposals, 362, 500, 648 - 650, 653 - 654, 692, 779 - 785
UK seismic detection cooperation, 399 - 401, 476 - 477
US/UK bilateral discussions, 476 - 484

Artsimovich, L., 657
Asia (see also specific countries), 4
ASROC warhead, 313 - 314
Atlas program, 195, 196, 264, 267, 339, 439, 440, 505
Atmospheric testing (see also Christmas Island; Johnston Island; Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations), 5, 93 - 94, 136, 198, 201, 257 - 258, 331, 519

ACDA on, 220, 334, 478, 500
AEC on, 190, 197, 198, 210 - 214, 223, 251 - 252, 260, 270 - 271, 283, 307, 314 - 315, 321, 328, 334, 440, 441, 566, 599 - 600
AICBMs, 31, 62 - 65, 71, 177, 179, 188, 189 - 191, 250 - 251, 286
Atomic Energy Detection System, 883 - 885
balloon tests, 210 - 212, 214, 321
ban proposals:
Bundy on US/UK joint atmospheric test ban proposal, 208n, 209 - 210
Committee of Principal on, 500, 501 - 505, 507 - 509, 510, 720 - 721
conventional weapons and, 299
Dean on, 522, 530
Foster memo to Kennedy, 518
France, 782
JCS on, 802
Kennedy/Khrushchev letters, 568 - 569, 576, 577, 585 - 586
Kennedy/Macmillan letter, 537
Khrushchev speech, 762
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 731, 782, 784, 786, 799, 800, 803, 807, 810 - 811, 819 - 823, 885 - 886
McCloy on, 94n, 158 - 160
military force levels and, 299
non - aligned countries, 159
Rusk on, 93 - 94, 158 - 160, 238, 252, 510, 532, 710 - 714
UN position, 193, 200 - 204, 212, 220, 285, 294, 317 - 319, 322, 336, 483, 572 - 575, 596
US/UK joint proposals, 159, 160, 208 - 210, 223 - 224, 255 - 258, 289, 294, 298, 471 - 473, 478 - 480, 527n, 538, 559 - 562, 656

Berlin crisis and, 200
bombers and, 265 - 266
Brown on, 61, 159, 161 - 162, 219 - 220, 260 - 271, 275, 279, 287, 310, 337, 599, 600

AICBMs, 129, 261, 265, 268 - 271
Bundy on, 188 - 191, 215n, 226 - 227, 251 - 253, 286 - 287, 306, 326 - 327, 439 - 442, 470n
ban proposals, 208n, 209 - 210
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 559
Canadian position, 200, 203, 210
China, 320, 884
Committee of Principals on, 141 - 142, 197 - 202, 213, 501 - 504, 507 - 508
cost of, 293, 299, 902
v. underground testing, 162, 188, 226 - 227

detection of, 142, 257, 268, 369, 477 - 478
via satellites, 563, 884
Defense Department studies, 188 - 191, 189, 197, 211, 223, 241, 248, 260, 269, 283, 306, 321, 440, 442, 566 - 567
Dominic tests, 441 - 442, 549 - 550, 566 - 568
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee on, 317 - 319, 326, 500, 501 - 505, 507 - 509, 510, 518, 522, 530, 550 - 551
Home letter to Rusk, 538
NSC meeting, 329 - 330, 332, 335, 337
Rusk/Dean notes, 534 - 535, 558 - 551
US/UK joint proposals, 527n, 560 - 562, 656
White House staff meeting discussion, 327, 523, 528, 530

Eniwetok Proving Grounds, 182, 191, 206 - 207, 211, 212, 245
France, 782
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 13, 93 - 94, 97, 159, 289, 301, 510, 532

Kennedy preparations, 13, 93 - 94, 97
US/UK proposal for ban, 208, 294

Gilpatric on, 159, 161, 189n, 197n, 198, 215n, 226, 283, 310, 312 - 316, 333, 599, 711, 902 - 903
high altitude, 261, 274, 313, 442, 470, 566, 567, 883 - 884, 903
interagency panel on results, 599 - 600
JCS position, 55, 183n, 211, 215, 315, 327, 328, 333 - 334, 720 - 721, 802, 865
Kaysen on, 287 - 288, 297 - 303, 306, 599, 600, 710 - 711, 734n
Kennedy (see also Kennedy/Macmillan subheadings below), 250 - 251, 258, 290, 319 - 322, 518 - 519
AEC report, 210 - 214, 323 - 324
American University speech, 709 - 714, 727, 737, 801
ban proposals, 93n, 158 - 162, 258, 291 - 295, 297 - 306, 310, 450 - 452, 568 - 569, 575 - 579, 585 - 586, 710 - 712
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 93n
interagency panel on results, 600
national address on, 355 - 357
Ormsby Gore conversation, 325 - 326
public announcement, 283 - 285, 288 - 289
research report, 178, 182, 183, 753
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letters to Khrushchev, 665 - 667, 674 - 676, 685 - 686, 707 - 710
Kennedy/Macmillan letters exchanged, 131, 164n, 223 - 224, 272 - 281, 281, 295 - 297, 304 - 305, 316, 337 - 339, 414 - 417, 535 - 537, 565, 655 - 661, 756
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, 447 - 449, 752 - 758
Khrushchev on, 111, 159 - 160, 286 - 287, 731, 783, 819 - 820
low - yield, 736 - 738
Macmillan on (see also Kennedy/Macmillan subheadings above), 160, 208 - 210, 223 - 224, 258, 289, 304 - 305, 471 - 472, 560 - 562, 565
McNamara on, 123, 124, 183n, 197 - 200, 201, 214 - 216, 252, 315, 329, 332 - 333, 439, 504 - 505, 566 - 567, 599 - 601
McNaughton on test ban, 291 - 295
media coverage, 736 - 738
Nevada tests, 220, 222, 245, 252, 259, 260, 263, 313, 321, 440, 441, 442, 470
NSC on, 136, 217 - 222, 226 - 227, 239, 241 - 248, 252 - 253, 328 - 337, 439 - 442
public opinion, 190, 191, 207, 320 - 321, 334, 440, 442, 450
radiation effects, 124, 126 - 127, 160, 183, 190, 226, 245, 282 - 283, 320 - 321, 439, 736
resumption of testing, 250 - 251, 290, 323 - 324, 710 - 711

AEC report, 210 - 214
Brown letter, 260 - 267, 268 - 271
Bundy on, 226 - 227, 307
Christmas Island test, approval, 441, 527, 537
Gilpatric on, 312 - 316
interagency review panel, 599
McNamara letter, 214 - 216
NSC on, 217 - 222, 241 - 248, 328 - 337, 439, 440 - 442
Operation Dominic, 549 - 550, 566 - 568
public announcement, 282 - 285, 288 - 290
Rusk on, 319 - 322
Stevenson letter, 317 - 319
UK position, 325 - 326, 447 - 449
White House staff meeting, 326 - 327
Rusk on, 93 - 94, 158 - 160, 202, 208n, 215n, 238, 239, 252, 319 - 322, 323, 324n, 325 - 326, 328 - 329, 331 - 332, 334, 335 - 336, 440, 510, 532, 710 - 714
Dobrynin conversation, 444 - 446
Schlesinger on, 259, 282 - 285, 286 - 287, 288 - 289
Seaborg on, 158 - 162, 193 199, 210 - 214, 218 - 219, 226, 241 - 248, 250 - 253, 272, 276 - 277, 278, 310, 328, 334, 439 - 441, 505, 549 - 550, 566 - 568, 599 - 601, 736 - 738

Senate on moratorium, 713
Stevenson on, 317 - 319, 404, 450 - 452
tactical weapons, 756
Taylor on, 710 - 712
Thompson on, 93 - 94
UK position (see also Kennedy/Macmillan; Macmillan subheadings above; US/UK subheadings below), 200, 277

Christmas Island, 207n, 212, 223, 227 - 230, 207n, 212, 227 - 230, 236, 245, 251, 252, 274, 278 - 279, 293
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 208, 294
Rusk visit, 471 - 472, 473

UN actions, 193, 200 - 204, 212, 220, 285, 294, 317 - 319, 322, 336, 483, 572 - 575, 596
underground testing and:

bans related to, 501, 504, 574, 731
benefits compared, 161 - 162, 179, 182, 213, 219 - 220, 244, 270, 300
distinction of underground and, 780, 878
supplementary to underground testing, 193, 247, 290 656

US/UK cooperation, 477 - 483
US/UK joint test ban proposals, 159, 160, 208 - 210, 223 - 224, 255 - 258, 289, 294, 298, 471 - 473, 478 - 480, 527n, 538, 559 - 562,
US/USSR results compared, 599 - 601
Wiesner on, 188 - 191, 207n, 226, 252, 268 - 271, 329, 336, 337, 566, 599 - 600

Atomic Energy Act of 1946, 881
Atomic Energy Commission, 468

ACDA, GCD treaty proposal, 433, 434
atmospheric testing, 190, 197, 198, 223, 251 - 252, 260, 270 - 271, 283, 307, 314 - 315, 321, 328, 334, 440, 441, 566, 599 - 600
budget, 774
Geneva test discontinuance talks, preparations, 11
high - yield bomb development, 707
inspection issues, 645
Kennedy, reports to, 178, 181 - 182, 210 - 214
low - yield tests, 736 - 738
missile certification, 63
neutron bomb research, 65
NIE on US resumption of testing, 1n, 2n, 3n
Nuclear Test Delegation, 20 - 21
Plowshare program, 724 - 726, 877 - 878
secret testing, 8 - 10, 722
seismic sensing, nuclear explosions, 47, 501, 516
space testing, 470
test ban proposals, 306, 393 - 395, 433, 434, 478, 528, 681, 722, 821, 822, 864, 877
test resumption by US, 898

Committee of Principals on, 142, 144, 148, 198, 199
Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, letter, 639
McNamara on, 119, 121 - 122
Operation Dominic, 50
Panofsky Panel Report, 127n
reports on, 178, 181 - 182, 210 - 214
scheduling, 162, 192 - 193
secret, 8 - 10, 722
UK use of US facilities, 225, 477

testing during moratorium by USSR, 51n, 152 - 153
underground testing, 270, 290, 635, 636, 882

Atomic Energy Detection System, 638, 882 - 885, 903
Australia, 521

B - 47 aircraft, 421, 424, 433, 770, 787
B - 52 aircraft, 153, 505, 706, 794 - 795
Badger aircraft, 421, 424, 770, 787
Baker, Vincent, 171, 358
Ball, George W., 131 - 132, 204n, 323 - 324, 869n

atmospheric testing, Kennedy conversation, 323 - 324
Berlin crisis, 132, 403, 405n
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 324 - 325, 398 - 399

conventional weapons, 377
inspection issues, 373 - 374, 376, 378 - 379, 398 - 399
Macmillan letter to Kennedy, 656
Rusk/Gromyko conversation, 405
Rusk notes from, 373 - 374, 376 - 378

Geneva conference on test discontinuance, 132
high - yield bomb development, 706
inspection issues, 373 - 374, 376, 378 - 379, 398 - 399, 401 - 403
Kennedy/Adenauer letter, 872
Kennedy conversations, 323 - 324, 401 - 403
Kennedy/Macmillan exchanges, 447, 449, 656
Khrushchev/Harriman talks, 797 - 798
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 797 - 798, 809n, 821, 827 - 831, 835 - 836, 837, 841n, 846, 877
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763, 841n
non - transfer agreements, 623, 673n
Panofsky Panel, 131 - 132
Rusk, notes to, 373 - 374, 376 - 378
test resumption, 132
Thant, letter to, 376

Balloons, testing, 210 - 212, 214, 321
Barber, Arthur W., 607
Battle, Lucius D., 194
Beam, Jacob D., 483
Beigel, Edgar J., 791
Belgrade Conference, 149 - 150, 163, 168
Bell, David S., 56, 69, 226
Berkner, Lloyd, 143
Berlin crisis, 110, 111, 130 - 132, 138, 153, 156, 166n, 173n, 176, 200, 254 - 256, 274, 275, 279, 187, 274, 275, 279, 403, 405n, 444, 459 - 460, 485, 494, 652, 688, 754, 775, 791, 793, 796, 871, 887 - 888

and atmospheric testing, 200
and ballistic missile test firing, 196
Khrushchev speech in Berlin, 762 - 763
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 789 - 790
military personnel in, 652, 775, 871
NATO/Warsaw non - aggression pact, 735, 763, 778n, 791, 793 - 794, 806, 812
nuclear weapons transfer controls, 454, 652
Swedish UN test ban resolution, 231

Bermuda talks, 287, 416 - 417, 471
Betancourt, Romulo, 654
Bethe Panel Report, 230, 303, 584, 599
Betts, Gen. Austin W., 161, 310, 706
Bhabha, Homi Jehangir, 194n
Biological weapons, 318, 387
Black boxes, 597 - 598, 626 - 627, 637, 653, 668, 701, 799
Blackout, nuclear explosion effects, 178, 179 - 180, 189 - 190, 260, 261, 269 - 270, 313, 903
Bohlen, Charles E., 86, 184, 240, 471, 472, 651, 727, 763, 766, 828, 832, 836, 866, 868n
Bombers (see also Air - launched intercontinental ballistic missiles), 173

atmospheric testing and, 265 - 266
B - 47 aircraft, 421, 424, 433, 770, 787
B - 52 aircraft, 153, 505, 706, 794 - 795
Badgers, 421, 424, 770, 787
Committee of Principals, 611, 616 - 617, 775
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 407 - 408, 421, 611, 616 - 617
French nuclear delivery capability, 582 - 583
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 859

Bombs, 179, 263, 706, 794 - 795
Bomb shelters, 121 - 122, 180 - 181
Bowles, Chester B., 69, 96, 220 - 221
Bradbury, Dr., 220
Brazil, 412, 593
Broadcast media (see also Radio; Television):

USSR resumption of testing, TASS broadcast, 149

Brook, Sir Norman, 447, 449
Brown, Harold, 356

AICBMs, 129, 261, 265, 269, 270
anti - ballistic missiles, 337
atmospheric testing, 159, 161 - 162, 219 - 220, 260 - 271, 275, 279, 287, 310, 337, 599, 600
Brown, Harold--Continued
Fisk Report, 65 - 66, 128
ICBMs, 62 - 66, 129
inspection issues, 738n
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, 272, 275, 279
NSC, 60 - 66, 67, 69, 70 - 71, 219 - 220, 337
Panofsky Report, letter to Wiesner, 128 - 129
seismic test detection, 514n
test ban treaty, 236, 310

Brubeck, William H., 458n, 503n
Bruce, David K. E., 140, 281, 447, 449, 471, 472, 744 - 746, 752, 757, 782, 796 - 797
Bullard, Sir Edward, 576, 581
Bundy, McGeorge, 27n, 356, 587n

AEC secret testing, 8 - 9
atmospheric testing (see also testing resumption below), 188 - 191, 208n, 209 - 210, 215n, 226 - 227, 251 - 253, 286 - 287, 306, 307, 326 - 327, 439 - 442, 470n, 599 - 601

low - yield, 736 - 738
Christmas Island, test requested, 441 - 442
NSC meeting, 328 - 337, 439, 440
Operation Dominic, 50

B - 52 - deliverable bomb development, 794 - 795
Committee of Principals, 141, 142, 144, 146 - 148, 197, 198, 200, 201, 350, 503, 504, 511 - 513, 680, 682
Disarmament Advisory Committee, 287
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 344, 352, 488, 503, 504, 511 - 513, 523, 528, 530, 531, 559 - 560, 597 - 598, 644, 646
France and de Gaulle, 727, 866 - 869
Geneva test discontinuance talks, Kennedy preparations, 11 - 12
high - yield bomb development, 706, 707
inspection issues, 528, 530, 560, 597 - 598, 644, 646
Kennedy, memos to, 97 - 98, 306, 597 - 598
Kennedy/Macmillan letter to Khrushchev, 675n, 707n
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 750, 751, 781 - 782, 789, 797 - 798, 809n, 822, 835, 841n, 845, 847 - 848, 855n
NATO, multilateral force, 735
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763, 781
non - diffusion agreements, 619n, 632, 781
secret testing, 8 - 10, 734
seismic sensing, UK/US research, 539
test ban proposals, 96, 159, 161, 208n, 209 - 210, 236 - 237, 239, 310, 503, 504, 511 - 512, 680, 644, 767, 898 - 899

JCS study, 802
Khrushchev/Harriman/Hailsham talks, 750, 751, 781 - 782, 789, 797 - 798, 809n, 822, 835, 836n
Stevenson proposal, 458n
US/UK joint atmospheric test ban proposal, 208n, 209 - 210
US/UK/USSR talks, 752

testing resumption (see also atmospheric testing above), 70 - 71, 163, 164n, 278, 636, 898 - 899

Committee of Principals on, 141, 142, 144, 146 - 148, 157 - 158, 197, 198, 200, 201
Nevada Test Site, 259, 635
NSC on, 56, 69, 134n, 328 - 337, 439 - 442
Panofsky Panel report, 114, 134n, 135n, 136n
scheduling, 162, 192
White House staff meetings, 59, 290
yields, 161

USSR, CIA defense budget analysis, 104, 548n

Bundy, William P., 67
Bunn, George, 681, 849n, 855n
Burdett, William C., 447, 449
Burke, Adm. Arleigh, 56
Burma, 412
Burris, Col., 217n, 220n, 221n
Byrns, John W., 92

Caccia, Sir Harold, 165n, 471, 744, 757
Canada, 495

atmospheric testing by US, 200, 203, 210 Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 495, 528 - 529
Kennedy speech to Parliament, 233
Kennedy/Khrushchev talks, 93
NIEs on nuclear capabilities/policies, 4, 37, 747
non - transfer agreements, 640, 643
radiation effects of explosions, 4, 37, 93, 200, 203
Carter, Gen. Marshall S., 582
Cathright, W.E., 893
Central Europe (see also specific countries):

disarmament policy, NIE on, 38
Gromyko/McCloy meeting, 34
Central Intelligence Agency:

ACDA treaty proposal, 431, 653 - 654
disarmament policies, various countries, NIE on, 35n
high - yield bomb development, 706
military expenditure reductions, verification, 609
resumption of testing by US, 259
NIE on, 1n
USSR results compared, 599 - 600
White House staff meeting, 58
test ban proposals, 888 - 670, 684 - 685
USSR:

defense budget analysis, 104
testing during moratorium, 48n
testing resumption, 168 - 169, 209, 217 - 218, 222, 681
verification, 468, 668 - 670
Chamberlain, Dr., 864n
Chayes, Abram L., 846n, 875 - 876
Chiang Kai - shek, 843, 855
Chemical weapons, 318, 387
Chen - yi, 583
Childs, Marquis, 783n
China, People's Republic of:

ACDA treaty proposal, 425, 427
AICBM, 320
atmospheric/space testing, 320, 884
Committee of Principals on, 346, 348, 351, 602, 606, 775
disarmament policies, 194, 37
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee and, 341, 342, 364, 377 - 378, 388, 413, 645 - 646, 649
Foster on testing by, 573n, 734
GCD, 775, 890
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 184 - 185 German position on, 777, 871, 874
Indian position on, 194n, 202n
JCS on, 22 - 23, 427, 689 - 691, 866, 878 - 879, 890
Kennedy/Macmillan letters, 656 - 659, 663 - 664
Korea, 878
Laos, position on, 34
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 732, 735, 771 - 772, 783, 784, 789, 790, 796, 800, 801, 803, 808 - 809, 817, 829, 832, 833, 842 - 844, 845n, 850 - 851, 855n, 871, 874
McCloy/Gromyko meeting, 33, 34
McNamara on, 119
military personnel reductions, 464
Nitze on, 521
non - diffusion controls, 451, 544, 545, 571, 573 - 574, 583, 602, 618 - 619, 621 - 622, 639, 651, 668, 704, 732, 748 - 749, 752 - 753, 866
nuclear materials production cutoff, report, 31
nuclear weapons production, 669, 747, 754
Rusk/Gromyko conversation, 184 - 185
test ban proposals, 92, 168, 298, 573 - 574, 598, 629, 645, 649, 654n, 711n, 734 - 735, 746, 766, 767n
Harriman/Hailsham/Khrushchev talks, 732, 735, 771 - 772, 783, 784, 789, 790, 796, 800, 801, 803, 808 - 809, 822, 829, 832, 833, 836, 842 - 844, 845n, 848n, 855n, 858 - 859
Indian test ban resolution, 202n
JCS on, 689 - 691
verification control posts, 93
UK position on, 276, 473, 758, 796
UN membership, 185, 200, 451, 629
USSR, 6, 168, 687, 689, 777, 851 - 853, 858
China (Taiwan), 843, 844, 850 - 851, 855n, 860
Chiperfield, Robert, 92
Christmas Island, 207n, 212, 223, 227 - 230, 236, 245, 251, 252, 274, 278 - 279, 293, 295 - 297, 299, 304 - 305, 310, 316, 356, 441 - 442, 485, 505, 521, 527, 537
Kennedy on, 223, 278 - 279, 295 - 297, 521, 527, 537
Macmillan on, 227 - 230, 236, 274, 278 - 279, 281, 295 - 297, 316, 356, 441, 527, 537
Churchill, Winston, 789
Clandestine testing. See Secret testing.
Cleveland, Harlan, 159, 200, 201, 233 - 234, 241, 329, 458n
Clifton, Chester V., 286
Cline, Ray S., 582 - 583
Cluster warheads, 62, 243
Committee of Principals on Nuclear Test Negotiations, 13 - 14, 67 - 68, 71 - 78, 116, 141 - 147, 197 - 204, 213, 236 - 241, 345 - 351, 461 - 469, 499 - 510, 601 - 611, 647, 783, 900 - 901

ACDA treaty proposals, 417 - 422, 428 - 433, 436 - 438, 461 - 468, 649 - 650, 679 - 683, 692, 719 - 726, 772 - 776, 900 - 901
AICBMs, 145, 147
atmospheric testing, 141 - 142, 197 - 202, 213, 501 - 505, 507 - 509, 510
Berlin crisis, 200
bombers, 611, 616 - 617, 775
China, 346, 348, 351, 602, 606, 775
comprehensive test bans, 679 - 681
conventional weapons, 346, 506 - 507, 466 - 468, 610, 773, 776
Cuban missile crisis, 601 - 602, 605, 612, 775
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 499 - 509, 601 - 617

atmospheric testing, 500, 501 - 505, 507 - 509, 510
bombers, 611, 616 - 617
Bundy on, 503, 504, 511 - 513
Congressional approval, 499, 500, 510, 512 - 513, 616
Dean on, 511, 513, 514, 602
detection technology, 508, 511 - 513
GCD, 502, 508, 510
inspection issues, 395 - 398, 500, 502, 503, 508 - 513, 550 - 551
Nitze on, 504, 507, 604
non - aligned countries, 421, 504, 511513
outer space testing, 500, 507, 509
Rusk on, 499 - 500, 502 - 504, 506, 510 -
Wiesner on, 500, 501, 503, 506, 511
espionage, 773, 774 Foster on, 499 - 509, 511, 513, 517 - 519, 602, 605, 607 - 617
GCD, 141 - 142, 144 - 147, 418 - 422, 502, 508, 510, 601 - 611, 772 - 776
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 72 - 73, 76, 141, 142, 144, 148, 238
ICBMs, 351, 418 - 419, 603, 604, 774
inspection issues, 78, 349, 351, 395 - 398, 417 - 418, 421, 500, 502, 503, 508 - 513, 648 - 650, 500, 772, 775
Lemnitzer on, 141, 147, 201, 347 - 348, 505
McNamara on, 73 - 74, 77 - 78, 141, 144 - 145, 148, 197 - 200, 346 - 351, 417, 419 - 421, 462 - 467, 501, 502, 505 - 507, 512, 601 - 611, 679 - 682, 719 - 725, 773 - 774
missiles, 143 - 144, 198, 345 - 351, 418 - 422, 602 - 614, 774
Nitze on, 201, 348 - 349, 468, 504, 507, 521, 604, 607, 610, 722
non - aligned countries, 421, 504, 511
non - dissemination controls, 508, 513 - 514
nuclear materials production, 143, 144, 606 - 609
nuclear parity concept, 346 - 347, 349, 605
nuclear stockpiles, 145, 351, 606, 774
orbiting weapons, 892
Rusk on, 71 - 78, 197 - 204, 237n, 345 - 351, 417, 461 - 468, 499 - 500, 502 - 504, 506, 510 - 513, 601 - 611, 679 - 680, 719 - 726, 773 - 775
Seaborg on, 77, 141, 143, 144n, 148, 198, 199, 200, 238, 240 - 241, 351n, 436 - 438, 468, 501, 511, 608, 681 - 683, 774
seismic sensing, 78, 141, 142, 499, 500, 508, 511 - 513
outer space testing, 75, 500, 507, 509
Taylor on, 603, 605, 607, 607, 679, 720 - 723, 774
test ban proposals (see also ACDA treaty proposals above), 13 - 14, 67 - 68, 71 - 78, 141 - 147

Bundy on, 503, 504, 511 - 512, 680
McNamara on, 73 - 74, 144 - 145, 197 - 200, 501, 502, 504 - 505, 679 - 682, 719 - 725 test ban proposals--Continued
Rusk on, 71 - 78, 197 - 204, 237n, 499 - 507, 510 - 514, 679 - 682, 719 - 725
Wiesner on, 74 - 75, 77, 78, 236, 240, 241, 500, 503, 504
testing resumption, 13 - 14, 67 - 68, 71 - 78, 141 - 147

Bundy on, 141, 142, 144, 146 - 148, 197, 198, 200, 201
Dean on, 74, 77 - 78, 141, 200, 238
Defense Department, 144 - 148
Gilpatric, 141, 145, 198
JCS, 147
Kennedy and, 141 - 147
Lemnitzer on, 141, 147, 201
Macmillan, 144
McCloy on, 76 - 78, 141, 144n, 145 - 148
McNamara on, 73 - 74, 77 - 78, 141, 145, 148, 197 - 200
NATO, 146
Nitze on, 201
Rusk on, 141, 142, 145 - 146, 148, 197 - 204
UK position, 77, 144, 198
Wiesner on, 148
underground testing, 75, 239 - 240, 501, 504, 509, 511 - 512
Vela program, 499
verification issues (see also inspection issues above), 468 - 469, 603
Wiesner on, 74 - 75, 77, 78, 148, 236, 240, 241, 349 - 350, 351, 418, 420 - 422, 500, 501, 503, 506, 511, 603 - 607, 609 - 611, 682
Committee on Atmospheric Testing, 227n, 241 - 248, 250 - 251, 288 - 289
Commonwealth of Nations (see also specific countries), 380
Communications systems, nuclear explosion effects on, 178, 179 - 180, 189 - 190, 260, 262, 269 - 270
Communist bloc. See Sino - Soviet bloc; specific countries.
Comprehensive disarmament. See General and comprehensive disarmament.
Comprehensive test bans (see also Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests):

ACDA, 679 - 681
Committee of Principals, 679 - 681
JCS on, 24
Khrushchev speech, 762
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 688, 719, 722, 723, 728 - 735, 737, 744 - 746, 750, 751, 753, 763, 768 - 772, 779 - 786, 798, 807, 819 - 820, 825
NIE on, 749
UN proposals, 524, 596
Indian, 142, 198, 200, 202 - 203
Irish, 26, 203, 451
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 831, 836 - 837, 846
Swedish, 231 - 233, 451
US/UK joint, 596
Conger, Clement, 358, 503n
Congo, 29, 85, 86, 285
Congress of the United States (see also House of Representatives; Senate of the United States; specific members):

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 499, 500, 510, 512 - 513, 523, 532, 616
Fisk Report, availability to, 12
French and Soviet visits, briefing, 92 - 93
GCD, intelligence on, 773
Geneva test discontinuance talks, preparations, 11 - 12
inspection issues, 366, 532, 588, 653, 704
Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, 12, 159, 500, 530 - 533, 639, 646
Kennedy national address, briefing, 355 - 357
Kennedy/Zorin exchange of views, 100
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 779, 821, 846
seismic sensing, 499, 653
test ban proposals, 239, 499, 502, 504, 588, 681 - 682, 722, 724
testing resumption, 56, 143, 144, 153 - 157
Conventional weapons (see also Military bases; Military personnel):

ACDA, GCD treaty proposal, 466 - 468, 773, 776, 904
Conventional weapons--Continued
atmospheric test ban and Soviet force levels, 299
Committee of Principals, 346, 506 - 507, 466 - 468, 610, 773, 776
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 341 - 342, 364, 377, 386, 787
Khrushchev on, 112, 776 - 777
McNamara on, 466 - 468, 506 - 507, 773
nuclear v. disarmament talks, 144 - 147, 787
nuclear warheads, interchangeability, 107, 133
Cost factors. See Economic issues.
Courtney, Raymond, 744
Cousins, Norman, 687
Couve de Murville, Maurice, 473, 621 - 622, 651, 675, 727, 766, 828
Cuban missile crisis, 592, 597, 601 - 602, 605, 612, 673, 753, 754 - 755, 773, 775, 789, 796, 871

Davies, Richard, 685
Davy Crockett Gun, testing, 123, 156
De Gaulle, Charles, 657, 869, 895

Adenauer on, 778
disarmament policy, 38, 173, 309
Kennedy, exchanges with, 836, 847, 851 - 853, 857, 866 - 868
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763, 832
non - diffusion negotiations, 571, 582
test ban proposals, 766, 767n, 782, 822, 823, 827 - 830, 836, 842, 847, 851 - 853, 857, 866 - 869, 885 - 886
Dean, Arthur H., 174 - 176

atmospheric/undersea testing, 93 - 94, 159, 530, 532
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 352, 373, 380, 395 - 397, 445, 460

Committee of Principals, 511, 513, 514, 602
inspection, 438, 487 - 488, 528, 533n, 550 - 552, 624, 644, 729
Kennedy meeting, 371 - 372, 452 - 454, 522, 523, 528 - 530, 531
Kuznetsov conversations, 554 - 555, 644
UK position, 359, 360, 365, 374 - 375, 535 - 537
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 41 - 47, 95 - 97, 530, 532
Committee of Principals, 72 - 73, 76, 142, 144, 148, 238
preparations, 12 - 13, 17 - 18
UK position, 138
German Democratic Republic, 254 - 255
Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, 530 - 533
retirement letter, 625
test ban proposals, 200, 235 - 236, 238 - 239, 362

Panofsky Panel report, 114
Stevenson proposal, 454, 458n
UN and, 158n, 198
US/UK bilateral talks, 476 - 480, 483 - 484
testing resumption, 58, 59, 115, 130

Committee of Principals, 74, 77 - 78, 141, 200, 238
NSC on, 56 - 57, 70, 336
Tsarapkin conversation, 254 - 256
Defense Atomic Support Agency, 121, 122
Defense Department:

ACDA treaty proposals, 423, 424, 427, 428, 433, 434 - 437, 721
atmospheric testing, 188 - 191, 197, 211, 223, 241, 248, 260, 269, 283, 306, 321, 440, 442, 566 - 567
Committee of Principals, 144 - 148, 346, 349 - 350, 421, 680, 681, 721
delivery vehicles, ACDA reduction plan, 346 - 347
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 387, 408 - 411
Geneva test discontinuance talks, Kennedy preparations, 11
high - yield bomb development, 706
nuclear materials reductions/cutoffs, 109 - 110, 606 - 607
orbiting nuclear weapons, 892
outer space testing, 564
seismic sensing, 489, 539, 645
test ban proposals, 306, 528, 680, 721
testing resumption (see also atmospheric testing above), 70 - 72, 636

Brown report to NSC, 60 - 61
Committee of Principals, 144 - 148
interagency panel on results, 599 - 600 Kennedy and, 156, 178, 181 - 182, 636
NSC on, 56, 440
nuclear weapons effects program, 260
scheduling, 193
UN, Kennedy disarmament speech, 172 - 173
underground testing, 882
Delivery vehicles. See Bombers; Missiles.
Denmark, 232
Denuclearized zones. See Nuclear free zones.
Detection technology (see also Seismic sensing of nuclear explosions):

AFTAC, 489 - 491, 500, 514 - 516, 645
atmospheric testing, 142, 257, 268, 369, 477 - 478
Atomic Energy Detection System, 638, 882 - 885
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 508, 511 - 513, 514, 522
JCS memo to McNamara, 24
Macmillan letter to Kennedy, 565
McCone on, 670
NIE on testing resumption, 3, 49 - 51
Panofsky Panel, 106 - 107
small - scale violations, 66, 514 - 516
UK position, 365 - 369, 492 - 493
US/UK cooperation, 476 - 484
Developing countries (see also Africa; Asia; Latin America; specific countries), 615 - 616, 808
Dillon, C. Douglas, 69, 221, 329, 781
Dirksen, Everett M., 92, 155, 356
Disarmament Administration:

Committee of Principals, 144 - 147
GCD policy, Kennedy UN speech, 172
Goodby memorandum, 14
McCloy designated as adviser, 7 - 8
Disarmament Advisory Committee, 287
Disease. See Radiation effects on health.
Dobrynin, Anatoly F., 86, 443 - 446, 459 - 460, 485 - 487, 541 - 547, 551, 556 - 557, 575, 589, 620 - 621, 624, 628, 632, 640 - 644, 647 - 648, 661 - 663, 673n, 702 - 705, 781, 793, 885 - 886, 888 - 889, 894, 895
Dodd, Thomas, 220, 713n
Dulles, Allen W., 56, 69, 88, 136, 141, 142, 148, 152 - 153, 155, 168, 201, 204, 331
Earth orbit (see also Outer space; Satellites):

Mercury program, 567
weapons in, 33, 318, 451 - 452, 733, 787, 892 - 893, 896 - 897
East - West detente, general:

disarmament policy and, NIE, 37 - 38
test resumption by US, NIE, 6
Eastern Europe (see also specific countries), 34, 174
Economic issues, 607

AEC expenditures on weapons, 774
anti - ballistic missile costs, 605, 776
atmospheric testing, 162, 188, 226 - 227, 293, 299, 902
Atomic Energy Detection System, 903
bomb sizing (megatons), 112, 135
Chinese, sanctions against, 690
defense budget analysis, USSR 61 - 62, 104
GCD production cutoffs, 31, 32, 465 - 466, 607
Gromyko/Rusk conversation, 494 - 495
high - yield weapons testing, 706
inspection programs, costs, 31, 525
Khrushchev on, 76, 498, 499
military expenditure reductions, 733, 799 - 800, 812 - 813, 888

development aid allowed by, 615 - 616
verification, 609 - 610, 615 - 616
Nike - Zeus weapons system, 153
nuclear materials:

production cutoffs, 31, 32, 465 - 466, 607
weight - to - yield ratios, 48, 107, 116 - 117, 123, 219 - 220, 243, 245, 246 - 247, 251, 263 - 265, 274, 314, 684, 741 - 742, 756
nuclear weapons proliferation, 521, 582 - 583, 747
test ban, 74 - 75, 690
test resumption by US, 882

atmospheric v. underground, 162, 188, 226 - 227
Macmillan/Kennedy talks, 273
McNamara on, 119, 121 - 122, 123
underground testing, 119, 121 - 122, 123, 162, 188, 226 - 227, 366, 589
Vela tests, 366
weapons proliferation and, 521, 582 - 583
Eight - Nation Delegation, 455 - 456, 476, 481, 483, 517, 522, 551n, 552 - 553, 554, 661, 671

UN activities, 554
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 295n, 309, 378 - 379

accidental warfare, 318
ACDA, 340 - 343, 360 - 361, 369, 387, 388, 406 - 411, 422 - 425, 461 - 468, 499 - 509, 603n, 648 - 650, 879, 900 - 901
ACDA treaty proposal, 422 - 425, 461 - 468, 499 - 509, 603n, 648 - 650, 879, 900 - 901
AFTAC briefing, 551
AICBMs, 408, 410
atmospheric testing, 317 - 319, 504

Committee of Principals, 500, 501 - 505, 507 - 509, 510
Dean on, 522, 530, 550 - 551
Foster memos, 518, 559
Home letter to Rusk, 538
Kennedy and, 326, 518
NSC meeting, 329 - 330, 332, 335, 337
Rusk/Dean exchanges, 534 - 535, 558 - 551
UK/US joint proposals, 527n, 560 - 562, 656
White House staff meetings, 327, 523, 528, 530
Ball on, 398 - 399, 405, 656

conventional weapons, 377
inspection issues, 373 - 374, 376 - 379, 398 - 399
Thant, letter to, 376
bombers, 407 - 408, 421, 611, 616 - 617
Bundy on, 344, 352, 488, 503, 504, 511 - 513, 523, 531, 559 - 560

inspection issues, 528, 530, 560, 597 - 598, 644, 646
Canadian position, 495, 528 - 529
China, 341, 342, 364, 377 - 378, 388, 413, 645 - 646, 649, 656 - 659, 664
Committee of Principals, 499 - 509, 601 - 617

atmospheric testing, 500, 501 - 505, 507 - 509, 510
bombers, 611, 616 - 617
Bundy on, 503, 504, 511 - 513
Congressional approval, 499, 500, 510, 512 - 513, 616
Dean on, 511, 513, 514, 602
detection technology, 508, 511 - 513 Committee of Principals--Continued
GCD, 502, 508, 510
inspection issues, 500, 502, 503, 508 - 513
Kennedy, Foster memos to, 507 - 514, 612 - 617
Nitze on, 504, 507, 604
non - aligned countries, 421, 504, 511
outer space testing, 500, 507, 509
Rusk on, 499 - 500, 502 - 504, 506, 510 - 513
Wiesner on, 500, 501, 503, 506, 511
Congressional approval, 523, 532

Committee of Principals on, 499, 500, 510, 512 - 513, 616
military expenditure reductions, 616
Senate, 523, 530, 654
conventional weapons, 341 - 342, 364, 377, 386, 787
Dean on, 352, 373, 380, 395 - 397, 445, 460, 511, 513, 514, 602

inspection, 438, 487 - 488, 528, 533n, 550 - 552, 624, 644, 729
Kennedy meeting, 371 - 372, 452 - 454, 522, 523, 528 - 530, 531
Kuznetsov conversations, 554 - 555, 644
Macmillan, Kennedy letter to, 535 - 537
UK position, 359, 360, 365, 374 - 375
Defense Department on, 387, 408 - 411
detection technology, general, 508, 511 - 513, 514, 522
Foster on, 358, 362 - 363, 365 - 367, 369 - 370, 376 - 378, 380, 386, 413, 452 - 454, 461 - 468, 499 - 509, 511, 513, 517 - 519, 522, 529, 531, 559 - 560, 602, 605, 607 - 617, 627, 644 - 645

Dean note to, 550 - 551
Kuznetsov conversations, 554 - 555, 730
McCone discussion, 637 - 639
UK position on inspection, 533
French position, 473
GCD proposals:

Committee of Principals on, 502, 508, 510
Dean note to Rusk/Foster, 551
Eight - Nation Delegation, 455 - 456, 476, 481, 483, 517, 522, 554 Gromyko proposal, 381, 384, 770
JCS on, 889 - 892
Kennedy/Gromyko conversation, 894 - 895
Kennedy letter to Macmillan, 551n, 536 - 537
UN, Rusk/Gromyko talks, 572, 574 - 575
US/UK joint proposal, 559 - 562, 656
Wiesner on, 552 - 553
Gromyko on, 378, 380, 381 - 385, 405 - 406, 413, 444 - 446, 448, 493 - 495, 770, 787, 894 - 895

GCD proposals, 381, 384, 770
Kennedy conversation, 894 - 895
Home on, 379, 380 - 385, 412, 448, 492

Rusk, note to, 537 - 539
ICBMs, 377, 406 - 408
Indian position, 453, 553
inspection issues, 341, 342, 349, 354 - 355, 455 - 456, 500, 502, 503, 540 - 541, 623 - 625

Ball on, 373 - 374, 376, 378 - 379, 398 - 399
Bundy on, 528, 530, 560, 597 - 598, 644, 646
Committee of Principals on, 395 - 398, 500, 502, 503, 508 - 513, 550 - 551
Dean on, 438, 487 - 488, 528, 533n, 550 - 552, 624, 644, 729
Fisher on, 387, 388 - 390, 648 - 649
Foster on, 508 - 509, 517 - 519, 559 - 560, 637 - 639, 653 - 654
JCS on, 890, 891
Kennedy on, 401 - 403, 414 - 415, 488, 628 - 629, 644 - 647, 648, 655 - 656, 660 - 661, 666 - 667, 677 - 678, 767 - 768
Khrushchev on, 438 - 439
McCone on, 637 - 639, 653 - 654, 668 - 670
McNamara on, 532, 645, 773
NSC meeting, 411 - 414
Rusk/Kuznetsov conversation, 456 - 457, 555, 628 - 631
Rusk on, 487 - 488, 550 - 551, 624, 644 - 647
UK position, 511, 513, 533, 536, 537 - 538, 541, 559
UN and, 413 - 414 inspection issues--Continued
White House staff meetings, 364, 370, 528 - 529, 532, 644 - 646
Wiesner memos to Kennedy, 552 - 554, 580 - 581
JCS on GCD, 889 - 892
Kaysen memo to Kennedy, 339 - 343
Kennedy/Khrushchev letters, 324 - 325, 357 - 358, 568 - 569, 575 - 579
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letter to Khrushchev, 666 - 667, 670 - 671, 676 - 678
Kennedy/Macmillan letters, 414 - 415, 655 - 656, 660 - 661, 767 - 768
Khrushchev and, 381

inspection issues, 438 - 439
Macmillan/Kennedy joint letter to, 666 - 667, 670 - 671, 676 - 678
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 733, 786, 787, 800, 831
testing, 414 - 417, 664
US/UK proposals, 561 - 562
McNamara and, 363 - 364, 406 - 411, 520, 531, 604 - 605

inspection issues, 532, 645, 773
JCS, 889 - 892
Mexico, 412
military bases, foreign, 461 - 464
missiles, 340, 342, 386 - 388, 377, 406 - 411
NATO, 340 - 341, 343, 364, 378, 388, 413
Nitze on, 371, 504, 507, 521, 604, 644 - 646
non - aligned countries (see also Eight - Nation Delegation) , 412, 413, 421, 453, 504, 511, 530, 665
non - dissemination controls, 453 - 454, 508, 513 - 514, 519, 535
nuclear materials transfers, US/USSR, 370, 388
orbiting weapons, 318, 733
outer space testing:

Committee of Principals on, 500, 507, 509
test ban, 563 - 565, 568 - 569, 576, 577 - 578, 585 - 586, 810, 896 - 897 UK/US proposal, 560 - 562
Rusk/Dobrynin conversations, 444 - 446, 647, 889
Seaborg on, 468, 501, 511, 644 - 647
secret testing, 370, 375
seismic sensing, 371, 398 - 399, 405, 487 - 489, 551n, 552 - 553, 597, 637 - 639, 649
Senate approval, 523, 530, 654
Stevenson/Kennedy exchange, 450 - 452, 454, 458 - 459
Swedish position, 530n, 553
Taylor on, 889 - 892
UK position, 352 - 355, 358 - 361, 365 - 367, 551n

Dean on, 359, 360, 365, 374 - 375, 535 - 537
Home letter to Rusk, 537 - 539
inspection system, 511, 513, 533, 537 - 538, 559
Kennedy letter to Macmillan, 535 - 537
Ormsby Gore on, 352 - 355, 360, 365 - 368, 372, 415
Rusk talks, 492 - 493
test ban proposals, 352 - 255, 365 - 367, 395 - 398, 399n, 480 - 481, 483, 649, 650
US/UK joint proposal, 560 - 562, 656
UN, 379, 555, 596

Eight - Nation proposal, 522
Gromyko on, 381 - 382, 384
inspection issues, 413 - 414
outer space, resolution on weapons in, 896 - 897
underground testing, 370, 371, 519, 555
underwater testing, US/UK proposal, 559 - 562
US/UK/USSR exchanges, 380 - 385, 633
verification issues (see also inspection issues above), 381 - 384, 395 - 398, 456 - 457, 634
Wiesner on, 362, 363, 370 - 372, 413 - 414, 418, 492, 500, 501, 503, 506, 511, 551n, 521, 552 - 553, 521, 644
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 372, 473, 657

AEC secret tests, 8 - 10
Committee of Principals, 13 - 14
open skies proposal, 90
test ban proposals, 93n, 370, 413, 512, 578, 589
test resumption, 589
U - 2 incident, 274 - 275, 279
US/UK/USSR exchange, 380 - 385
Electromagnetic pulse (see also Communications systems; Blackout), 260 - 262, 269 - 270, 584
Eniwetok Proving Grounds, 182, 191, 206 - 207, 211, 212, 220, 222, 245
Espionage:

Committee of Principals on, 773, 774
Khrushchev:

inspection as, 486, 695, 715, 719, 729
Kennedy talks, 88 - 89
nuclear testing and, 168 - 170, 412
U - 2 incident, 274 - 275, 279, 497
European Regional Organizations:

Swedish, UN test ban resolution, 231 - 233
test ban talks, 311
Evans, Harold, 447, 449
Ewell, Col. Julian J., 236, 259, 327, 441

Fallout. See Radiation effects on health.
Farley, Philip J., 316, 362
Fedorenko, Nikolay T., 627, 628, 632 - 634
Finney, John, 12, 488
First - strike capability, 266, 291 - 292, 301, 302, 343, 799
Fisher, Adrian S., 56, 69, 96, 141, 234, 308 - 309, 327, 362, 406, 422, 502, 516, 604, 607, 648 - 650, 657n, 713 - 714

ACDA, GCD treaty proposal, 418 - 419, 432, 467, 500
B - 52 reductions, 505
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 386 - 390, 406 - 411, 469, 535, 644, 646, 722
high - yield bomb development, 706 - 707
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 817 - 818, 838, 849n
military base reductions, 608
non - diffusion negotiations, 570n
Plowshare program, 725
seismic sensing, 488, 581n
US/UK cooperation, 477, 478 - 479
Vela tests, 488
Fisk, John (see also Fisk Panel Report), 12 - 13
Fisk Panel Report, 12, 14 - 17, 65 - 66, 70 - 71, 106, 124, 125, 128
Fissile materials. See Nuclear materials, weapons grade.
Foreign Weapons Evaluation Group, 230
Foster, William C., 98, 136, 141, 147, 173, 197, 204, 208n, 220, 239 - 240, 259, 283, 288, 330, 334, 334, 345 - 349, 440, 499, 505 - 506, 523, 625, 679, 711, 726, 898, 900

ACDA treaty proposals, 417 - 425, 426 - 438, 461 - 468, 603 - 604, 653 - 654, 679, 682, 719 - 724, 772, 774, 775
B - 52 - deliverable bomb development, 794 - 795
bomber reductions, 611, 616 - 617
Chinese testing, 573n, 734
Cuban missile crisis, 605
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 358, 362 - 363, 365 - 367, 369 - 370, 376 - 378, 380, 386, 413, 452 - 454, 461 - 468, 522, 529, 531, 559 - 560, 627, 644 - 645

Committee of Principals, 499 - 509, 511, 513, 517 - 519, 602, 605, 607 - 617
Dean note to, 550 - 551
Kuznetsov conversations, 554 - 555, 730
McCone discussion, 637 - 639
UK position on inspection, 533
France, nuclear free zones, 593
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 744, 746n, 750, 751, 779, 784, 827, 830, 837, 841n, 845, 877
military base reductions, 607 - 608, 614 - 615
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763, 841n
non - diffusion negotiations, 570n, 582 - 583, 668
seismic sensing, 517 - 519, 644 - 645, 653 - 654
Stevenson test ban proposal, 454, 458n
Tsarapkin/Fedorenko talks, 632 - 634
Vela project results, 499
Foster Plan, 173, 340n, 344n
Four - Power Disarmament Meetings, 528 - 529, 539, 660
France:

atmospheric test ban, 782
Berlin crisis, 652, 791, 793
bombers, 582 - 583
Bundy on, 727, 866 - 869
disarmament policies, general, 38, 144, 309
Franco - German Treaty, 640 - 641, 658
GCD, 38, 173, 309, 895
Harriman/Hailsham/Khrushchev talks, 827 - 830
Kennedy/de Gaulle exchanges, 80, 727, 836, 847, 851 - 853, 857, 866 - 868, 895
Kennedy/Khrushchev talks, 88
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 784, 791 - 794, 796, 799 - 801, 803, 804, 812, 817, 825, 827 - 832, 842, 843, 851 - 853, 857 - 858, 860, 866 - 869, 885 - 886
NATO, 33, 621 - 622, 648, 652
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763, 791 - 794, 827 - 832, 852, 867, 868
non - proliferation, 544, 571, 582 - 583, 620, 630, 632, 639, 660, 668

Alphand/Tyler conversation, 650 - 652
Berlin crisis and, 652
de Gaulle on, 571, 582
Franco - German Treaty, 640 - 641, 658
Gromyko/McCloy meeting, 33
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 745, 792, 794
NATO, 621 - 622, 648, 652
NIE on, 747, 748, 649
nuclear free zones, 593
nuclear weapons production, 754

aid from US for, 829, 836, 881, 886
McCone on, 669
NIE on, 747, 748, 649
test bans, 33, 93, 298, 565, 573, 574, 578, 649, 727, 766, 784, 791, 796, 799 - 801, 803, 804, 827 - 830, 851 - 853, 857 - 858

de Gaulle on, 766, 767n, 782, 822, 823, 827 - 830, 836, 842, 847, 851 - 853, 857, 866 - 868
JCS on, 878
NIE on US resumption of testing, 4
testing by, 4, 33, 473, 522, 694, 784, 791 - 794, 796, 799 - 801, 803, 804, 812, 817, 825, 828, 843, 857, 886

Macmillan/Kennedy talks, 273, 753, 754
Macmillan on, 828, 847, 869n
McMahon Act and, 881
McNamara on, 119
Nitze on, 646
Pacific Ocean, 842
Sahara Desert, 694, 698, 709, 842, 856 - 857
seismic sensing of, 489 - 490, 694, 709
UK position, 473, 828, 857
UN test ban resolutions, 158, 796
UN and, 158, 593, 796
underground testing, 473, 522, 694, 792, 886
US aid for nuclear weapons development, 836, 881, 886
Franco, Gen. Francisco, 844
Franco - German Treaty, 640 - 641, 658
Fulbright, J. William, 92, 154, 356
Fusion weapons. See Neutron bombs.

Gaithright, Wreathram E., 469, 499n
Gaitskell, Hugh, 92 - 93, 323 - 324
Galbraith, J. Kenneth, 194n
General and comprehensive disarmament:

ACDA treaty proposals, 417 - 425, 426 - 438, 500 - 506, 508, 603 - 604, 772 - 776, 904
AEC role, 433, 434
conventional weapons, 466 - 468, 773, 776, 904
Defense Department, 423, 424, 427, 428, 433, 434 - 437, 721
delivery vehicles, reduction plan, 346 - 347
Fisher on, 418 - 419, 432, 467, 500
German position, 904 - 905
Kaysen on, 425, 429, 430, 434 - 436, 437, 724
military personal reductions, 427, 464 - 467, 506 - 507
missile reduction provisions, 345 - 351, 406 - 411, 430 - 432, 434 - 436, 465, 603 - 604, 772 - 776
Rusk on, 422, 423, 428 - 433, 436 - 437, 500 - 506, 603, 679 - 682, 904 - 905 Wiesner on, 420 - 424, 429 - 431, 500, 774
China, 775, 890
Committee of Principals on, 141 - 142, 144 - 147, 418 - 422, 502, 508, 510, 601 - 611, 613 - 617, 772 - 776
conventional weapons, 466 - 468, 773, 776, 904
cost issues, 31, 32, 465 - 466, 607
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 502, 508, 510, 551

Eight - Nation Delegation, 455 - 456, 476, 481, 483, 517, 522, 554
Gromyko proposal, 381, 384, 770
JCS on, 889 - 892
Kennedy/Macmillan letter, 551n, 536 - 537
Rusk/Gromyko talks, 572, 574 - 575
US/UK joint proposal, 559 - 562, 656
Wiesner and, 551n, 552 - 553
French position, 38, 173, 309, 895
German position, ACDA proposal, 904 - 905
Gromyko and, 33, 34 - 35, 84 - 85, 381, 384, 572, 574 - 575, 770, 894 - 895
JCS on, 889 - 892
Kennedy and, 92 - 93, 102, 172, 364 - 365, 508, 518 - 518, 536 - 537, 894 - 895
Khrushchev and, 84 - 85, 111 - 114, 819, 855
Macmillan, Rusk telegram, 166
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 775, 781
outer space, weapons in, 897
Rusk on, 422, 423, 428 - 433, 436 - 437, 499 - 507, 510 - 514, 541n, 603, 679 - 682, 904 - 905
Stevenson on, 175 - 176
UK position, 480 - 482, 551n
UN role, 172, 554, 560, 572, 574 - 575
US/UK joint proposal, 559 - 562, 656
Wiesner on, 420 - 424, 429 - 431, 500, 551n, 552 - 553, 774
Zorin on, 99 - 102
Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests, 257 - 258

AEC, Kennedy preparations, 11
atmospheric testing, 13, 93 - 94, 97, 159, 208, 289, 294, 301, 530, 532 Ball on, 132
Bundy on, 11 - 12
China, inclusion, 184 - 185
Committee of Principals on, 72 - 73, 76, 141, 142, 144, 148, 238
Congress, 11 - 12
Dean on, 12 - 13, 17 - 18, 41 - 47, 72 - 73, 76, 95 - 97, 138, 142, 144, 148, 238, 513, 514, 530, 532
Defense Department, 11
Fisher memo, 386 - 390
inspection issues, 13, 235, 254
JCS memo to McNamara, 24
Kennedy on, 10 - 14, 17 - 18, 52 - 53, 91, 93n, 95 - 97, 101, 130, 138, 140, 234, 274, 278, 289
Khrushchev on 44, 45, 47, 52 - 53, 83 - 84, 91, 112
Macmillan/Kennedy exchanges, 52 - 53, 130, 138, 140, 274, 278, 289
McCloy/Gromyko meeting, 32 - 34
McCloy on, 10 - 13, 41 - 47, 53 - 57, 67 - 68, 94n, 95 - 97, 101
McNamara on, 67 - 68, 74 - 78, 121, 124r
monitoring, 13, 235, 254
Ormsby Gore on, 52, 115, 130, 138, 140
NIE on effects of US resumption of testing, 1 - 3
Nitze on, 11
NSC on, 56 - 57
nuclear materials, 318
Rusk/Gromyko conversation, 493 - 495
Seaborg on USSR testing, 10 - 14, 199
secret testing by US, impact on, 9
seismic sensing, 13, 235
Stevenson on, 82 - 83
Tsarapkin on, 254 - 256
troika proposal, 94, 112
UK position, 47
UN, McCloy telegram to U Thant, 44
underwater testing, 93 - 94
US/UK proposal for ban, 208, 294
German Democratic Republic (see also Berlin):
Adenauer on, 871 - 872, 874 - 875
Dean/Tsarapkin conversation, 254 - 255
Khrushchev on, 686, 688, 694, 790, 801 Limited Test Ban Treaty adherence, 811, 843 - 844, 848n, 851, 854, 863 - 864
military personnel stationed, 799, 812
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 791, 793, 801, 805 - 806
nuclear - free zones, 889
nuclear non - proliferation agreements, 413, 451, 496, 544 - 547, 570, 618, 621, 544 - 547, 570 - 571, 602, 618, 621, 622, 632, 642 - 643, 651 - 652, 660, 675, 686, 746
Adenauer on, 571, 582
Berlin crisis and, 454, 652
Franco - German Treaty, 640 - 641, 658
NATO, 641, 746
German reunification, 187, 905
Germany, Federal Republic of (see also Berlin crisis):
disarmament policy, NIE on, 38
Franco - German Treaty, 640 - 641, 658
Kennedy/Adenauer letters, 763 - 765, 777 - 778
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 789, 799, 801, 812, 828, 836, 848, 870 - 876
military personnel stationed, 799, 812
NATO, 34, 641, 746, 905
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763 - 765, 778n, 796, 801, 828, 831 - 832
non - diffusion agreements, 413, 451, 454, 496, 503n, 544 - 547, 570 - 571, 582, 602, 618, 621, 622, 632, 640 - 641, 642 - 643, 651 - 652, 658, 660, 675, 686, 746
nuclear capabilities, 521, 747, 886
nuclear free zones, 889
recognition of GDR, 863 - 864
Rusk/Adenauer conversation, 873 - 876
test ban proposals, 646, 686, 789, 799, 801, 812, 828, 836, 848, 870 - 876
Gilpatric, Roswell L.:

ACDA treaty proposal, 423, 424, 428 - 432, 437
AICBMs, 313, 314
atmospheric testing, 159, 161, 189n, 197n, 198, 215n, 226, 283, 310, 312 - 316, 333, 599, 711, 902 - 903 Atomic Energy Detection System, 882 - 885, 903
Committee of Principals, 141, 145, 198
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 531, 644
high - yield bomb development, 706
inspection, 532
JCS on approach to Soviets, 53 - 54
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 822
non - diffusion negotiations, 570n
outer space:
testing, 564
weapons in, 896 - 897
secret testing by US, McCloy, letter to, 53 - 54
test ban proposals, 644
testing resumption, 56, 69, 141, 145, 198, 312 - 316
underground testing, 881 - 885, 902
underwater testing, 313 - 314, 903
Glenn, Col. John, 331
Goa, 273, 285
Godber, Joseph B., 255, 374 - 375, 380, 395 - 398, 438, 472 - 475, 533, 541, 744
Goetz, Betty, 570n
Goodby, James E., 14, 288n, 358, 480 - 482, 570n, 657n
Gore, Albert, 154, 155
Greelee, Capt., 363
Green, Howard C., 495
Greenhill, Denis, 642n
Gromyko, Andrei A.:

accidental warfare, 33
atmospheric testing, 572 - 575
Berlin, 494, 887 - 888
Central/Eastern Europe, 34
China, 33, 34, 184 - 185, 573 - 574
Committee of Principals on, 605, 610, 611
Congo, 29
costs of weapons development, 494 - 495, 888
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 378, 380, 381 - 385, 405 - 406, 413, 444 - 446, 448, 493 - 495, 770, 787, 894 - 895
GCD, 33, 34 - 35, 84 - 85, 381, 384, 572, 574 - 575, 770
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 184 - 185
Kennedy, conversations with, 589 - 592, 894 - 895 Kennedy/Khrushchev talks, 86
Khrushchev opinion of, Macmillan on, 664
Kohler/Trevelyan meeting, 685 - 686
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 800, 803 - 807, 814, 817, 820, 827, 838 - 841, 853 - 855, 856

Chinese testing, 842 - 844, 845n
French position, 825, 829, 842, 856 - 857
German Democratic Republic, 843 - 844, 854
peaceful uses of nuclear explosions, 824
wartime uses v. testing of weapons, 849
McCloy meeting, 32 - 34
military expenditure reductions, verification, 609
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 805 - 806, 809n, 814, 826, 832, 833 - 834, 840, 887 - 888
non - proliferation negotiations, 33, 496, 503n, 542 - 544, 557 - 559, 602, 660, 672
outer space, weapons in, 897
Rusk and, 32 - 34, 83 - 85, 184 - 185, 381, 384 - 385, 405 - 406, 493 - 496, 502, 503n, 542 - 544, 557 - 559, 572 - 574, 602, 651, 660, 672, 887 - 889, 895
Stevenson talks, 19, 28 - 29
US/UK joint test ban proposal, 426
UN, 572 - 575, 602, 897
GCD proposal, 572, 574 - 575
veto power of Soviets, 85
US foreign base reduction, 463, 610
US/UK/USSR exchanges, 633
Ground shock (see also Hardened sites), 260, 270
Gryzlov, A. A., 99, 380
Gullion, Edmund A., 20 - 21, 69
Guthrie, John C., 324, 628, 648

Hailsham, Viscount Quinton (see also Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations (Harriman/Hailsham Moscow mission), 734, 757
Hallstein, Walter, 851
Hammarskjold, Dag, 86
Hard Hat shot, 121 - 122, 123, 190
Hardened sites, 121 - 122, 123, 180 - 181, 190, 219, 243, 313, 333, 802
Hardtack shot, 489
Harriman, W. Averell (see also Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations (Harriman/Hailsham Moscow mission), 656, 673n, 736n, 737
Haworth, Leland J., 399 - 401, 468, 469, 501, 516, 521, 551n, 599, 600, 706, 738n
Health. See Radiation effects on health.
Heath, Edward, 471, 744
Heathcoat Amory, Robert, 310, 349, 362
Hickenlooper, Bourke, 92, 356
High - altitude testing, 261, 274, 313, 442, 470, 566, 567, 883 - 884, 903
High - yield nuclear weapons, 188, 706 - 707

yield - to - weight ratio, 48, 107, 116 - 117, 123, 219 - 220, 243, 245, 246 - 247, 251, 263 - 265, 271, 274, 314, 644, 684, 741 - 742, 756
Hillenbrand, Martin J., 459, 485, 493, 589
Hoeven, Charles, 92
Holifield, Chet, 143, 356, 500, 530
Home, Lord Alexander Frederick Douglas, 160, 252

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 379, 380 - 385, 412, 448, 492
Gromyko and, 887 - 889
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letter to Khrushchev, 675, 676n
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, 272, 276 - 278, 281, 757
non - diffusion negotiations, 570, 621 - 622, 675, 755
Rusk and, 471 - 475, 537 - 539
seismic sensing, 537 - 538, 539, 591
Honest John rocket, 196
Hood, Viscount Samuel, 160, 352, 358 - 361, 533n, 536
Horowitz, Solis, 514n
Hosmer, Craig, 645, 735
House of Representatives (see also specific Representatives), 92 - 93
Humphrey, Hubert H., 92, 115, 155, 713 - 714
Hungary, Soviet aggression, 285, 793

Ilyichev, Ivan, 493
Imhof, Johannes V., 650
India, 29, 249, 639

Chinese nuclear capability, 194n, 202 - 203
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 453, 553 NIE on US resumption of testing, 4
nuclear capabilities, 521, 747
UN resolution against testing, 142, 198, 200, 202n
Indochina, 23, 184 - 185
Indonesia, 4
Ink, Dwight, 822
Inspection issues (see also Seismic sensing of nuclear explosions), 362, 478

ACDA treaty proposals, 370, 417 - 418, 421, 427, 488, 500, 648 - 650, 772 - 773, 775
AEC, 645
Ball on, 373 - 374, 376, 378 - 379, 398 - 399, 401 - 403
Brown on, 738n
Bundy on, 528, 530, 560, 597 - 598, 644, 646
Committee of Principals on, 78, 349, 351, 417 - 418, 421, 500, 502, 503, 508 - 513, 648 - 650, 500, 772, 775
Congressional concerns, 366, 532, 588, 653, 704
costs and personnel, 31, 525
Dean, Kennedy letter, 18
Dean/Tsarapkin conversation, 254 - 256
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 341, 342, 349, 354 - 355, 455 - 456, 500, 502, 503, 540 - 541, 623 - 625

Dean/Godber, joint proposal, 395 - 398
Dean on, 438, 487 - 488, 528, 533n, 550 - 552, 624, 644, 729
Fisher on, 387, 388 - 390, 648 - 649
Foster on, 508 - 509, 517 - 519, 559 - 560, 637 - 639, 653 - 654
JCS on, 890, 891
Khrushchev on, 438 - 439
McCone on, 637 - 639, 653 - 654, 668 - 670
McNamara position, 532, 645, 773
NSC meeting, 411 - 414
Rusk/Kuznetsov conversation, 456 - 457, 555, 628 - 629, 630 - 631
Rusk on, 487 - 488, 550 - 551, 624, 644 - 647
seismic sensing, 487 - 488
UK position, 511, 513, 533, 537 - 538, 541, 559
UN and, 413 - 414
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 13, 235, 254
Gromyko/Kennedy talks, 590 - 591
Gromyko/McCloy meeting, 32
Haworth letter to Long, 399 - 401
IAEA, peaceful uses of nuclear materials, 26 - 27, 607
Inspection Study Group, conclusions, 524 - 527
JCS memos to McNamara, 25, 427, 456 - 457, 890
Kennedy, 401 - 403, 488, 500, 508 - 509, 510 - 513, 517 - 519, 522, 580 - 581, 597 - 598, 623 - 624, 626 - 629, 644 - 647, 648, 708 - 710, 738 - 744
Kennedy/Khrushchev exchanges, 86, 87 - 90, 438, 576, 585 - 586, 623 - 624, 693 - 698
Kennedy/Macmillan exchanges, 414 - 415, 438 - 439, 536, 655 - 656, 660 - 661, 738 - 744, 767 - 768
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letters to Khrushchev, 666 - 667, 677 - 678, 686, 695 - 698, 708 - 710, 714 - 718
Khrushchev on (see also Kennedy/Khrushchev and Kenedy/Macmillan subheadings above), 486, 496 - 497, 597 - 598, 623 - 624, 627, 656, 660, 662, 665 - 667, 670 - 671, 686, 693 - 699, 714 - 718, 773

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 438 - 439
espionage, inspection as, 486, 695, 715, 719, 729
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 728 - 731, 745, 786, 799
Kohler conversation, 587 - 588, 686
McCloy meeting, 112
Thompson talks, 496 - 499
Kuznetsov on, 628 - 629, 630 - 631
Macmillan on, see Kennedy/Macmillan subheadings above
McNamara on, 346, 456 - 457, 501, 532, 645, 773
missiles, 773 - 774
NATO, observation posts, 888
non - aligned countries, 478, 598, 677 - 678
NSC on, 411 - 412
nuclear stockpiles, 387
public opinion, 366, 367, 653 reliability, 31
resumption of testing by US, 58 - 59
Rusk/Dobrynin conversations, 485 - 487, 702 - 704
Rusk on, 487 - 488, 550 - 551, 624, 644 - 647, 888
Seaborg on, 624 - 625, 644 - 647
Stevenson on, 82, 317, 450 - 452
Soviet monitoring of US tests, NIE, 3, 5
UK position (see also Kennedy/ Macmillan subheadings above), 365 - 367, 391 - 393, 399 - 403, 425 - 426, 475, 478 - 480, 492 - 493, 511, 513, 530, 533, 537 - 538, 541, 559, 626 - 627, 632 - 633, 649, 656
UN resolutions, 573, 596

monitored ban, 203
unmonitored ban, 131, 202, 204
unmonitored ban proposals, 131, 202, 204, 471, 478, 555, 565
US/UK joint proposal, 425 - 426, 656
US/UK/USSR exchanges, 632 - 634
Wiesner on, 413 - 414, 500, 580 - 581, 700 - 701, 738n
White House staff meetings, 58 - 59, 364, 370, 528 - 529, 532, 644 - 646
zonal, 351, 364, 370, 373, 388 - 390, 456, 497, 525 - 526, 890
Intercontinental ballistic missiles (see also Air - launched intercontinental ballistic missiles), 215, 264

anti - ballistic missiles, 40, 48, 73, 134, 179, 189, 199, 201, 215, 333, 336 - 337, 605, 654, 865
Atlas program, 195, 196, 264, 267, 339, 439, 440, 505
Brown on, 62 - 66, 129
Committee of Principals on, 351, 418 - 419, 603, 604, 774
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 377, 406 - 408
Honest John rocket, 196
Kaysen on, 299, 300, 301
kill mechanisms, testing results, 122
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 774, 859
McCone on, 759
Minuteman missiles, 63, 153, 216, 219, 263 - 264, 270, 274, 505 Nike - Zeus missiles, 40, 64, 65, 108, 122, 129, 153, 216, 269, 300 - 301, 333
nuclear explosions, disablement of missiles/launch sites (see also Hardened sites), 262, 270, 313, 742
outer space, weapons in, 564, 896 - 897
outer space testing, interagency committee (NSAM 156) on ban, 563
Polaris program, 13, 63, 153, 195, 197, 216, 219, 263 - 264, 267, 270, 274, 339, 430 - 431, 439
test firing, 194 - 196, 215
Intermediate - range ballistic missiles, 603
International Atomic Energy Agency, nuclear materials for peaceful purposes, 26 - 27, 607
International Court of Justice, 479
International Disarmament Organization, 318
Irish UN resolution, 26, 203, 451
Israel, 639, 748, 749
Institute for Strategic Studies, 603
Italy, 521, 747

Jackson, Henry M., 154 - 155, 500, 530, 822
Japan, 249
nuclear capabilities, 521, 747
US resumption of testing, 4, 356
Johnson, Chuck, 548n
Johnson, Gerald, 223, 310, 706
Johnson, Lyndon B., 56, 92, 153, 154, 156, 287, 329, 336, 362, 523, 531, 644
Johnson, U. Alexis, 202, 776, 845, 877
Johnston Island, 211, 212, 220, 223, 251, 274, 441, 485, 566 - 568, 881, 902
Joint Chiefs of Staff, 19, 623

ACDA treaty proposal, 422 - 424, 426 - 427, 431, 434, 437, 720 - 724
AICBMs, 684, 890
anti-ballistic missiles, 865
atmospheric testing, 55, 183n, 211, 215, 315, 327, 328, 333 - 334, 720 - 721, 802, 865
ballistic missile, test firing, 194 - 196, 215
China, 22 - 23, 427, 689 - 691, 866, 878 - 879, 890 delivery vehicle reductions, 348, 606
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 419, 456 - 457, 529, 879
Fisk Report, 15n, 124, 125
GCD, 889 - 892
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 53 - 55
on Khrushchev, 877 - 880
McCloy on approach to Soviets, JCS response, 53 - 55
McNamara, JCS memos to, 21 - 27, 109 - 110, 426 - 427, 456 - 457, 889 - 892
military personnel reductions, 110, 464, 530
NATO, 21 - 27
neutron bombs, 39 - 40, 41, 61, 107
NIE, 2n, 6 - 7
non - diffusion negotiations, 25 - 26, 571, 619
nuclear materials, 24 - 25

production cutoff, 109 - 110, 145
reductions, 606
orbiting nuclear weapons, 892
outer space testing, 865
Panofsky Panel Report, response, 114, 124 - 127, 135
secret testing, 53 - 55, 684, 720, 754
seismic sensing, 15, 720 - 721
Sino - Soviet bloc, 22 - 25
Stennis Committee, 720, 724, 783, 784n
tactical nuclear warfare, 126, 865 - 866
test bans, 679, 683 - 685, 720 - 724, 783, 784n, 802, 830, 865 - 866, 877 - 880

Chinese acceptance of, 689 - 691
inspection issues, 25, 427, 456 - 457, 683 - 685
Panofsky Panel report, 114
testing moratorium:
USSR testing during, 51n
US voluntary, 38 - 41, 711
testing resumption by US, 684, 898

atmospheric, 183n, 211, 215, 315, 327, 328, 333 - 334
Committee of Principals, 147
Fisk Report, 15n, 124, 125
Kennedy staff meeting, 58
Panofsky Panel Report, 124 - 127, 136
underground, 15n, 38 - 41, 124 - 127
USAF opinion, NIE, 2n, 6 - 7
testing resumption by USSR, intelligence aspects, 168 - 169
US/USSR stockpile transfers to peaceful uses, 351, 365
verification issues, 456 - 457, 683 - 685
Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, 12, 159, 500, 530 - 533, 637, 646
Jones, William, 248n

Kadar, Janos, 793, 804
Karpov, Victor, 628
Kaysen, Carl, 266n, 287 - 288, 297, 297 - 303, 306, 310, 339 - 343, 344 - 345, 351, 362, 386n, 452 - 454, 463, 467 - 469, 611, 617n, 656, 738n, 855n

ACDA, GCD treaty proposal, 425, 429, 430, 434 - 436, 437, 724
AICBMs, 299, 300 - 302
atmospheric testing, 287 - 288, 297, 297 - 303, 306, 599, 600, 710 - 712, 734n
Khrushchev speech, 763
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 750, 751, 789, 798n, 807, 847, 855n
military base reductions, 608
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763
non - diffusion negotiations, 571n
seismic detection, 489 - 491
Stevenson proposals, 458n, 475
USSR/US capabilities compared, 599 - 601, 680
Kazakhstan, 823
Keeny, Spurgeon M., Jr., 141, 142, 310, 362, 468, 469, 504, 725, 726
Kennedy, John F.:

accidental warfare, 80
ACDA treaty proposals, 422, 423, 434 - 436, 437, 507 - 509, 522, 648, 692, 734 - 735
Adenauer, letters exchanged, 777 - 778, 870 - 872, 876n
AEC:

meetings, 152 - 153, 154, 155, 156, 362, 528, 645
Operation Dominic, Seaborg letter, 50
reports, 178, 181 - 182, 210 - 214
secret testing, Bundy letter, 8 - 10
American University speech, 709 - 714, 727, 737, 801
atmospheric testing, 93n, 158 - 162, 258, 291 - 295, 297 - 306, 310, 450 - 452, 568 - 569, 575 - 579, 585 - 586, 709 - 714, 727, 737, 801

McNamara letter, 214 - 216
NSC on, 217 - 222, 241 - 248, 439, 440 - 442
Operation Dominic, 549 - 550, 566 - 568
Ormsby Gore conversation, 325 - 326
resumption of, 216, 250 - 251, 282 - 285, 288 - 290, 317 - 322, 328 - 337, 710 - 711
US/UK joint atmospheric test ban proposal, 208 - 209, 223 - 224
White House staff meeting, 326 - 327
Berlin crisis, 130, 131, 138, 187, 274, 275, 279, 754, 763
black boxes, 597 - 598
China, testing, 99, 654n, 735 - 736, 801, 886
Congressional relations, 11 - 12, 92 - 93, 100, 355 - 357
Cuban missile crisis, 592, 753, 754 - 755, 871
de Gaulle, 657, 869, 895
letters exchanged, 836, 847, 851 - 853, 857, 866 - 868
talks, 80, 727
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 401 - 403, 692

Committee of Principals, Foster memos, 507 - 514, 612 - 617
Dean/Foster meeting with, 452 - 454
Dean retirement letter, 625
Fisher paper, 648
Kaysen memo, 339 - 343
NSC meeting, 411 - 414
Rusk/Gromyko conversation, 405 - 406
Seaborg on test ban, 393 - 395
seismic sensing, 597 - 598
US/UK joint proposal, 560 - 562, 568, 656
White House staff meetings, 344 - 345, 362, 369 - 372, 520 - 524, 531 - 533, 644 - 647
Fisk Report, McCloy transmittal to Kennedy, 14 - 17
France, 552 - 553, 827 - 830, 885 - 886, 894 - 895
aid for nuclear weapons development, 836, 881, 886
visit to, 92
US/UK joint proposal, 560 - 561, 656
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 10 - 14, 17 - 18, 91, 93n, 95 - 97, 101, 234
Gromyko:

conversations with, 589 - 592, 894 - 895
Stevenson talks, 19, 28
high - yield bomb development, 706
inspection issues, 364, 370, 401 - 403, 500, 508 - 509, 510 - 513, 517 - 519, 522, 528 - 529, 532, 597 - 598, 623 - 624, 626 - 629, 644 - 647, 648, 655 - 656, 699 - 700, 708 - 710, 738 - 744
Khrushchev:

Congressional briefing on talks, 92 - 93
letters, 438, 576, 585 - 586, 623 - 624, 693 - 698
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 753, 779 - 785, 789 - 790, 797 - 798, 801, 809n, 827 - 831, 835 - 837, 845 - 848, 880 - 881
Macmillan/Kennedy joint letters to, 665 - 667, 674 - 678, 685 - 686, 693 - 699, 708 - 710, 714 - 718
Murrow on, 150
speech in Berlin, 763
talks, 86 - 91, 687
Laos, 206, 673
Macmillan (see also under Khrushchev above):

on de Gaulle, 657, 869
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 797 - 798
letters, 130 - 131, 164n, 137 - 140, 143, 164, 227 - 230, 281, 295 - 297, 304 - 305, 308 - 309, 337 - 339, 414 - 417, 438 - 439, 535 - 537, 565, 582n, 627 - 627, 632 - 633, 655 - 661, 674 - 676, 686, 767,768
Nassau meeting, 630
talks, 272, 276 - 278, 279, 281, 447 - 449, 734 - 735, 738 - 744, 752 - 759
McCloy/Zorin negotiations, 97 - 98 national address, Congressional briefing, 355 - 357
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763 - 765, 778n, 835
non - diffusion negotiations, 570 - 572, 582n, 618 - 619, 623, 668, 672 - 673, 781
outer space testing, 563 - 565, 568 - 569, 575 - 579, 781
seismic sensing, 489 - 491, 521 - 523, 529, 531, 576 - 577, 579, 580 - 581, 585 - 586, 594 - 595, 597 - 598, 623 - 624, 627, 693 - 698, 700 - 701, 708 - 709, 740 - 742, 753
test ban proposals (see also ACDA treaty proposals; atmospheric testing; outer space testing above and underground testing; underwater testing below), 120, 362 - 365, 393 - 395, 510 - 514, 589 - 592, 654, 628 - 629, 655 - 656
Panofsky Panel report, 114
press coverage, 233 - 234
Soviet aide - memoire, 96 - 97
Stevenson proposal, 403 - 404, 450 - 452, 454, 458 - 459
US/UK ban proposals, 208 - 209, 304 - 305, 414 - 415, 565, 626 - 627, 655 - 661, 674 - 676
testing resumption (see also atmospheric testing; outer space testing; test ban proposals above and underground testing; underwater testing below), 58 - 59, 152 - 157, 470, 635 - 636, 644
Committee of Principals on, 141 - 147
Macmillan/Kennedy letters, 130 - 131, 137 - 140, 143, 164, 227 - 230
Murrow letter, 148 - 149
NSC on, 56 - 57, 69 - 70, 217 - 222
Panofsky Report, 127n, 131 - 134
press coverage, 235 - 236
report on program, 176 - 183
scheduling, 192 - 193
Stevenson letters, 150 - 152, 206 - 207
yield of tests, 161, 644
UK relations (see also Macmillan above; US/UK subheadings above and below):
Christmas Island, 223, 278 - 279, 295 - 297, 521, 527, 537 Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 535 - 537, 560 - 562, 568, 656
seismic detection cooperation, 391 - 393
testing resumption, 130 - 131, 137 - 140, 143, 164, 223 - 225, 272 - 281, 295 - 297
underground testing, UK use of US facilities, 225, 477
US/UK test ban proposals, 208 - 209, 304 - 305, 414 - 415, 565, 626 - 627, 655 - 661, 674 - 676
US/UK/USSR summit, proposed, 665 - 667, 674 - 676
UN relations, 52, 138, 150 - 152, 186, 206, 220 - 221, 304 - 305, 524

fallout testing initiative, 170n
speeches, 115, 148, 151, 171 - 174, 221
test ban, 204n
underground testing, 131, 139, 521 - 522, 569, 576, 644, 676, 880 - 881

research on program, 179, 182 - 183
UK use of US facilities, 225, 477
underwater testing, 568 - 569, 575 - 579
US/USSR capabilities compared, 584
Zorin, exchange of views, 99 - 102
Kennedy, Robert F., 656, 661 - 663, 673
Kent, Sherman, 771 - 772
Khrushchev, Nikita S.:

accidental warfare, 80, 498, 787, 792
agricultural development, 800
atmospheric testing, 111, 159 - 160, 286 - 287
Berlin crisis, 110, 111, 187, 274, 275, 279, 688, 762 - 763, 789 - 790
Chinese relations, 858 - 860
Cousins interview, 687
Cuban missile crisis, 592
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 381, 733, 786, 787, 800, 831

inspection issues, 438 - 439
Kennedy, letters exchanged, 324 - 325, 357 - 358, 568 - 569, 575 - 579
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letter to, 676 - 677, 670 - 671
testing, 414 - 417, 664
US/UK proposals, 561 - 562
Eisenhower letter, 93n France, 88, 112
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 44, 45, 47, 52 - 53, 83 - 84, 91, 112
Germanys, 686, 688, 694, 790, 801
inspection issues, 112, 438 - 439, 486, 496 - 497, 587 - 588, 597 - 598, 623 - 624, 627, 656, 660, 662, 665 - 667, 670 - 671, 686, 693 - 699, 714 - 718, 773

espionage, inspection as, 486, 695, 715, 719, 729
Kennedy exchanges, 86, 87 - 90, 438, 576, 585 - 586, 623 - 624, 695 - 698
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letters, 666 - 667, 677 - 678, 686, 695 - 698, 708 - 710, 714 - 718
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 728 - 731, 745, 786, 799
Kennedy, John F. (see also Kennedy/Macmillan subheadings below), 69 - 70, 78, 79 - 80, 86 - 93, 101, 150, 598 - 599

Laos, 206, 673
letters exchanged, 130, 185 - 187, 205 - 206, 324 - 325, 339, 357 - 358, 568 - 569, 575 - 579, 585 - 586, 592, 623 - 624, 627, 636, 656, 661 - 663, 672 - 673, 693 - 699, 714 - 718, 798
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letters to, 665 - 667, 670 - 678, 685 - 686, 693 - 699, 707 - 710, 714 - 718
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, 274, 279, 280, 448
Kennedy, Robert, 656, 661 - 663, 656, 673
Kohler conversations, 587 - 588, 685 - 686
Laos, 206, 673
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 688, 719, 722, 723, 728 - 735, 750, 856 - 863

Bundy on, 750, 751, 781 - 782, 789, 797 - 798, 809n, 822, 835, 841n, 845, 847 - 848, 855n
conventional weapons, 112, 776 - 777
McCloy on, 80, 110 - 114
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact t, 762 - 766, 770 - 771, 781, 816, 835, 839 - 840, 841n
non - diffusion controls, 672 - 673, 675, 686, 731 - 732
Khrushchev, Nikita S.--Continued
outer space testing, 568 - 569, 575 - 579, 781
Rusk on, 80, 83 - 85, 86, 113 - 114, 486, 687, 707 - 710, 744 - 746, 763, 766, 779 - 784, 791 - 794, 801, 809n, 815 - 816, 821 - 823, 827, 829 - 830, 835, 845 - 850, 853 - 855, 877 - 880
seismic sensing, 84, 576 - 577, 579, 585 - 586, 587 - 588, 623 - 624, 627, 694, 728 - 730, 745
Senate of the US and, 88, 92 - 93, 783, 805, 809, 810 - 811, 821 - 822, 830 - 831, 835, 841, 857, 849, 854, 880, 881, 886 - 887
test ban proposals, 111, 497 - 499, 793n

Chinese position, 657, 659
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 688, 719, 722, 723, 728 - 735, 744 - 746, 759, 777
Macmillan/Kennedy joint letters to, 665 - 667, 670 - 678, 685 - 686, 693 - 699, 714 - 718
speech, 763 - 763
Thompson conversation, 687
testing resumption, 56 - 57, 68, 69 - 70, 155, 286, 414 - 417
underwater testing, 111, 568 - 569, 576, 577 - 578, 585 - 586, 731, 762, 810
Killian, James R., Jr., 646
Kistiakowsky, George S., 657
Kohler, Foy D., 77, 80, 86, 159 - 160, 184, 362, 444, 459, 471, 472, 485, 493, 496, 498, 587 - 588, 672, 676n, 685 - 686, 698, 718, 801, 804, 807, 809, 815, 818, 820, 824, 826, 833, 834, 839, 841, 845, 856, 863
Komer, Robert, 27n, 58, 70 - 71, 141, 171 - 174
Korea, 23, 811, 844, 848n, 878
Kornienko, Georgi M., 444, 459, 485, 541, 556
Kovalev (USSR), 184, 493
Kuznetsov, Valeriy Alekseevich, 550, 553, 554 - 555, 597, 624 - 625, 628 - 632, 644, 730, 750

Laos, 28, 34, 206, 673, 688, 775, 788, 790, 796
Latin America, 285, 451, 593, 781, 888 - 889
Lausche, Frank J., 835
Lawrence Livermore Laboratories, 584
League of Nations, 100 - 101, 381, 382
Legere, Col. Lawrence J., 287, 326 - 327
LeMay, Gen. Curtis E., 69, 74, 419, 420 - 421, 423 - 424, 689 - 691, 723n, 724n, 783, 830, 878, 879
Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman L.:

ACDA treaty proposal, 426 - 427, 431, 432, 437
ballistic missile, test firing, 194 - 196
Committee of Principals, 347 - 348, 505
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 364, 365, 529
McNamara, JCS memos to, 21 - 27, 426 - 427
missile reduction agreements, 505
nuclear materials production cutoff, 109 - 110
test ban proposals, 310, 362, 898
testing resumption:

Committee of Principals on, 141, 147, 201
NSC meetings, 69, 136, 215n, 333 - 334, 440
Panofsky Panel Report, 124 - 127, 135
US/USSR stockpile transfers to peaceful uses, 351
Less developed countries. See Developing countries.
Lilienfeld, Georg von, 778n
Limited nuclear warfare. See Tactical nuclear warfare.
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations (Harriman/Hailsham Moscow Mission) (see also Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations subheadings under other subjects), 688, 719, 722, 723, 728 - 735, 737, 744 - 746, 750, 751, 753, 763, 768 - 881

Adenauer on, 777 - 778, 870 - 872, 873 - 876
amendment, voting procedure, 825
Ball on, 797 - 798, 809n, 821, 827 - 831, 835 - 836, 837, 841n, 846, 877
bombers, 859
comprehensive test ban proposals, 688, 719, 722, 723, 728 - 735, 737, 744 - 746, 750, 751, 753, 763, 768 - 772, 779 - 786, 798, 807, 819 - 820, 825
Congressional response, 779, 821, 846
conventional weapons, 776 - 777
Fisher on, 817 - 818, 838, 849n
Foster on, 744, 746n, 750, 751, 779, 784, 827, 830, 837, 841n, 845, 877 French position, 784, 791 - 794, 796, 799 - 801, 803, 804, 812, 817, 825, 827 - 832, 842, 843, 851 - 853, 857 - 858, 860, 866 - 869
German Democratic Republic and, 871 - 872, 874 - 875, 885 - 886

NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 791, 793, 801, 805 - 806
test ban treaty adherence, 811, 843 - 844, 848n, 851, 854, 863 - 864
German (FRG) position, 789, 799, 801, 812, 828, 836, 870 - 876
ICBMs, 774, 859
Kaysen on, 750, 751, 789, 798n, 807, 847, 855n
Kennedy on, 753, 777 - 778, 779 - 785, 789 - 790, 797 - 798, 801, 809n, 827 - 831, 835 - 837, 845 - 848, 870 - 872, 876n, 880 - 881
Laos, 775, 788, 790
Macmillan on, 751, 776 - 777, 796 - 798, 818n, 827, 828, 830, 832, 847, 855n, 869n
NATO multilateral nuclear force, 672 - 673, 732, 735, 745 - 746, 780 - 781, 786 - 787, 790, 797 - 800
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 732 - 733, 735, 746, 763 - 765, 778n, 780, 781, 787 - 788, 791 - 794, 797 - 801, 805 - 807, 809n, 811 - 812, 814, 824, 826, 828, 830, 831 - 834, 835, 839 - 841, 848
non - proliferation controls, 780 - 781, 784, 786 - 787, 807, 731 - 732, 808, 813, 838
NSC instructions, 779 - 788
nuclear free zones, 781, 787
orbiting weapons, 770, 787
peaceful uses of nuclear explosions, 803, 804, 810, 823 - 824
Taylor on, 780, 783 - 784, 830, 878, 880
treaty ratification and deposition, 810 - 811, 827, 838 - 839, 841, 843, 850 - 851, 853, 863 - 864, 869, 876n
UK position, 719, 722, 723, 728 - 735, 737, 781 - 782, 796 - 798
UN actions, 831, 836 - 837, 849
underground testing, 779 - 780, 786, 792 unrecognized regimes, 811, 843 - 844, 848n, 851, 853 - 855 , 863 - 864
wartime use v. testing of weapons, 836 - 837, 846, 849, 855, 877, 878
withdrawal provisions, 803 - 804, 809 - 810, 813 - 818, 821, 824
Lippmann, Walter, 624, 790
Long, Franklin, 366, 399 - 401, 476 - 478, 516, 529, 551n, 726, 734, 744, 757
Loper, Gen. Herbert, 15, 125
Los Alamos Laboratories, 584
Lovett, Robert A., 530, 531, 532
Luedecke, Gen. A.R., 223
Lumumba, Patrice, 29

Macmillan, Harold (see also Kennedy/Macmillan; Macmillan; UK subheadings under other subjects):

atmospheric testing, 160, 208 - 210, 223 - 224, 258, 289, 304 - 305, 560 - 562, 565
Cuban missile crisis, 753, 754 - 755
de Gaulle, 657, 869
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 529

Kennedy, letters exchanged, 414 - 417, 535 - 537, 655 - 661, 663 - 665
Khrushchev, Kennedy joint letter to, 665 - 667, 670 - 671
US/UK joint proposals, 560 - 562, 656
Eisenhower, Camp David declaration, 370
French testing, 828, 847, 869n
Geneva test discontinuance talks, Kennedy and, 52 - 53, 130, 138, 140, 274, 278, 289
inspection issues, 438 - 439, 530, 626 - 627, 655 - 656, 665 - 667, 670 - 671, 708 - 710, 738 - 744

Kennedy exchanges, 414 - 415, 438 - 439, 655 - 656, 660 - 661, 738 - 744, 767 - 768
Khrushchev, Kennedy joint letters to, 666 - 667, 677 - 678, 708 - 710
Kennedy:

Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 797 - 798
letters, 130 - 131, 164n, 137 - 140, 143, 164, 227 - 230, 281, 295 - 297, 304 - 305, 308 - 309, 337 - 339, 414 - 417, 438 - 439, 535 - 537, 565, 582n, 627 - 627, 632 - 633, 655 - 661, 674 - 676, 686, 767,768
talks, 272, 275, 276 - 278, 279, 281, 447 - 449, 734 - 735, 738 - 744, 752 - 759
Khrushchev:

Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 751, 776 - 777, 789, 796 - 798, 818n, 827, 828, 830, 832, 847, 855n, 869n
Kennedy/Macmillan letters on, 52 - 53, 138, 308 - 309, 414 - 417, 626 - 627, 656, 659, 660, 663 - 665, 670 - 671, 674 - 676
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letters to, 665 - 667, 674 - 676, 685 - 686, 707 - 710
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, 448
letter to, 425 - 426
Nassau talks, 630
non - diffusion negotiations, Kennedy and, 582n, 656, 660, 752 - 755
outer space testing, 565
seismic sensing, letter to Kennedy, 391 - 393
test ban proposals, 655 - 658

Kennedy letters exchanged, 414 - 417, 535 - 537, 565, 655 - 661
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letters to Khrushchev, 665 - 667, 674 - 676, 685 - 686, 707 - 710
Kennedy talks, 447 - 449, 752 - 758
Rusk visit to UK, 471 - 472
testing resumption, 56 - 57, 115, 114, 329, 330

Christmas Island tests, 227 - 230, 236, 274, 278 - 279, 281, 295 - 297, 316, 356, 441, 527, 537
Kennedy announcement, 356
Kennedy letters, 130 - 131, 164n, 137 - 140, 143, 164, 227 - 230, 281, 295 - 297, 304 - 305, 337 - 339, 414 - 417, 438 - 439
Kennedy talks, 272 - 281, 447 - 449
Johnston Island tests, 567 - 568
public opinion, 236
Rusk telegram, 165 - 166
underground testing, 131, 139, 279, 755 - 753
US facilities used for testing, 225, 477
US/UK/USSR exchanges, 632 - 633

Makins, Sir Roger, 212
Malinovsky, Marshal Rodion Y., 859
Mansfield, Michael J., 92, 154, 356
Marder, Murray, 12
Marengo, Louis C., 431, 609, 776
McCloy, John J., 19, 97 - 98, 152n, 530

atmospheric/undersea testing, 94n, 158 - 160
Berlin crisis, 110, 111
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 528, 531, 532, 553, 613
Fisk Report, transmittal to Kennedy, 14 - 17
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 10 - 13, 41 - 47, 53 - 55, 56 - 57, 67 - 68, 95 - 97, 101
Gromyko meeting, 32 - 34
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 835
Kennedy adviser, letter designating, 7 - 8
Khrushchev/Kennedy talks, 80
Khrushchev meeting, 110 - 114, 135
nuclear materials production cutoff, 109 - 110
Nuclear Test Delegation, Gullion memo, 20
Rusk memo, 113 - 114
secret testing proposal, 9
seismic sensing, 45, 46 - 47, 53 - 55, 531
Soviet aide - memoire, 96
test ban negotiations, after Geneva test discontinuance talks, 67 - 68, 94n, 158 - 160
test moratorium, 39, 45 - 46
test resumption, 43 - 47, 53 - 55, 56, 58, 59, 68, 69, 70, 76 - 78, 116 - 124, 129, 132, 135, 137, 141, 144n, 145 - 148, 152n, 155 - 158, 330
US/USSR bilateral negotiations, 105, 174 - 176
USSR defense budget analysis, 104
Zorin, meetings with, 37 - 38, 61, 105, 174 - 176
McCone, John, 161 - 162, 287, 328, 329, 336, 356, 370, 413, 470, 499n, 502, 512, 523, 531 - 533, 599 - 601, 637 - 639, 644 - 646, 649 - 650, 653 - 654, 668 - 670, 679 - 681, 721, 736, 759 - 760, 898

Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 773 - 776, 773 - 775, 821 - 823, 831, 835, 864 - 864
high - yield bomb development, 706
McCormack, John W., 92, 356
McGhee, George C., 80, 194n, 351, 362, 767n, 848, 870
McGill, Ralph, 287
McMahon Act. See Atomic Energy Act of 1946.
McNamara, Robert S.:

ACDA treaty proposal, 426 - 427, 462 - 467, 679, 681 - 682
Adenauer meeting, 870 - 872
AICBMs, 117, 118
atmospheric testing, 183n, 197 - 200, 201, 214 - 216, 252, 315, 329, 332 - 333, 439, 504 - 505, 566 - 567
ballistic missile, test firing, 195n
Berlin crisis, 652, 775, 871
Committee of Principals, 73 - 74, 77 - 78, 141, 145, 148, 197 - 200, 346 - 351, 417, 419 - 421, 462 - 467, 501, 502, 505 - 507, 512, 601 - 611, 679 - 682, 719 - 725, 773 - 774
conventional forces reductions, 466 - 468, 506 - 507, 773
Cuban missile crisis, 601 - 602
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 363 - 364, 406 - 411, 520, 531, 532, 604 - 605, 645, 773, 889 - 892
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 67 - 68, 74 - 78, 121, 124
JCS memos to, 21 - 27, 109 - 110, 426 - 427, 456 - 457, 889 - 892
low - yield tests, 736 - 738
McCloy, letter to, 109 - 110, 129
military base reductions, 610
military personnel reductions, 530
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 763
neutron bomb, 220
non - diffusion negotiations, 570n, 582n
nuclear materials production cutoff, 109 - 110, 144 - 145
satellite detection of tests, 884 secret testing by USSR, 734
seismic sensing of tests, 501, 514 - 516, 531
Hard Hat shot, 121 - 122, 123
test ban proposals, 73 - 74, 144 - 145, 197 - 200, 291 - 295, 310, 362, 372, 501, 502, 504 - 505, 644, 654, 679 - 682, 719 - 725, 759 - 760, 898

Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 750, 781, 783, 784, 821 - 822
inspection techniques, 346, 456 - 457, 501
post - Geneva test discontinuance talks, 67 - 68, 74 - 78
unmonitored, 204
testing resumption, 60 - 66, 73 - 74, 77 - 78, 119, 121 - 122 s, 141, 145, 148, 183n, 197 - 200, 201, 214 - 216, 252, 315, 329, 332 - 333, 439, 470, 504 - 505, 566 - 567, 599 - 601, 898
Bundy memo, 162
Kennedy meetings, 153 - 154, 155, 156, 287
McCloy, letter to, 116 - 124
NSC on, 56, 69, 217, 332 - 333
Panofsky Panel Report, response, 125
underground testing, 504
McNaughton, John T., 291 - 295, 362, 437, 468, 757, 817 - 818, 849n, 855, 904
Media (see also Radio; Television):

atmospheric testing by Soviets, 736 - 738
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 816
New York Herald Tribune, 234
New York Times, 12, 164n, 259, 488
People's Daily, 573
Washington Post, 12
test resumption by US, announcement, 120 - 121
Medium - range ballistic missiles (see also Multilateral force; Polaris missiles; Skybolt), 263, 408, 418 - 419, 431, 604
Mendelevich, Lev Isaakovich, 628
Menon, Krishna, 72
Menshikov, Mikhail Alekseevich, 86
Mercury program, 567
Mexico, 28, 412
Middle East (see also specific countries), 4, 705, 748
Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich, 895n
Military bases, reduction, 461 - 464, 506, 509, 607 - 608, 610, 614 - 615
Military personnel:

ACDA treaty proposal, 427, 464 - 467, 506 - 507
atmospheric test ban and Soviet force levels, 299
Berlin, 652, 775, 871
China, 464
Dobrynin/Rusk/Home meeting, 888 - 889
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 341 - 342, 370, 377 - 378, 388, 530
European troop movements, monitoring, 869
Germanys, 799, 812
JCS on reduction of US forces, 110, 464, 530
Khrushchev/McCloy meeting, 112
Sino - Soviet Bloc v, US allies, 133
tactical nuclear weapons training, 802
Minuteman program, 63, 153, 216, 219, 263 - 264, 270, 274, 299, 300, 301, 505
Missiles (see also Anti - ballistic missiles; Cuban missile crisis; Intercontinental ballistic missiles; Medium-range ballistic missiles; Multilateral nuclear force; Nike - Zeus missiles; Polaris program):

AEC certification, 63
atmospheric effects, 178, 315
Chinese development, 771 - 772, 858 - 860
cluster warheads, 62
Committee of Principals on, 143 - 144, 198, 345 - 351, 418 - 422, 602 - 614, 774
disarmament via reduction of, 309, 340, 342, 364, 377, 505, 602 - 614

ACDA plan, 345 - 351, 406 - 411, 430 - 432, 434 - 436, 465, 603 - 604, 772 - 776
Fisher on, 386 - 387, 604
Harriman/Hailsham/Khrushchev talks, 733
prototypes, 505 - 506
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 340, 342, 377, 386 - 388, 406 - 411
inspection issues, 773 - 774
McCloy/Khrushchev meeting, 112 production cutoffs, 387 - 388, 430 - 432, 434 - 437, 465 - 466, 509, 733, 772 - 776
research by US, Brown report, 62 - 66
survivability (see also Hardened sites), 265, 313, 742
tactical, see Tactical nuclear warfare
USSR, 61 - 62, 774
Monitoring. See Detection technology; Inspection issues; Seismic sensing of nuclear explosions; Verification issues.
Morgan, Thomas E., 92
Multilateral nuclear force (NATO), 521, 543, 546, 570 - 571, 618, 640 - 644, 647 - 648, 699, 704, 705, 735

French position, 621 - 622, 648, 652
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 732, 735, 745 - 746, 780 - 781, 786 - 787, 790, 797 - 800
Kennedy letter to Khrushchev, 672 - 673
Nassau Agreements, 630, 648
Murray, Thomas, 45
Murrell, D., 685
Murrow, Edward R., 56, 70, 76, 149 - 150, 153, 154, 159 - 160, 221, 330, 421, 468, 502, 511, 530, 531, 847 - 848
Myrdal, Alva, 530

Nassau Agreements, 630, 648
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 387, 567
National Intelligence Estimates (see also Special National Intelligence Estimates), 192, 454

NIE 4 - 61, 1 - 7
NIE 4 - 2 - 61, 35 - 38
NIE 4 - 3 - 61, 582
NIE 4 - 3 - 63, 747 - 749
NIE 11 - 2 - 63, 760 - 762
National Security Action Memoranda (NSAM):

69, 136n
87, 162 - 163, 176
112, 227n, 241
116, 252 - 253
156, 563
174, 514n
168, 548
192, 564
205, 600 - 601
210, 634 - 635, 898 239, 692
250, 736 - 738
269, 898 - 899
National Security Council:

actions:

2408, 43n
2419, 56
2426, 69
2437, 137n
2440, 222 - 223
2450, 440 - 441
2456, 567
AICBMs, 217 - 218, 246
atmospheric testing, 136, 217 - 222, 226 - 227, 239, 241 - 248, 252 - 253, 328 - 337, 439 - 442
Committee on Atmospheric Testing, 227n, 241 - 248, 250 - 251, 288 - 289
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 411 - 414
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 56 - 57
inspection issues, 411 - 412
meetings, 217 - 222, 411 - 414

482d, May 2, 1961, 56 - 57
484th, May 9, 1961, 69 - 70
490th, Aug. 8, 1961, 134 - 137
492d, Nov. 2, 1961, 217 - 222
497th, Aug. 8, 1961, 331 - 337
Mar. 28, 1962, 411 - 414
499th, April 18, 1962, 439 - 442
504th, Sept. 6, 1962, 567
Jan. 22, 1963, 635 - 636
515th, Jul. 9, 1963, 779 - 785
non - aligned countries, UN negotiations, 413 - 414
NSAM 156 Committee, 563 - 565
outer space, 563 - 564
Scoville Committee, 600 - 601
test bans, 56 - 57, 411 - 414, 563 - 564
testing resumption, 56 - 57, 60 - 65, 114, 134 - 137, 154, 209 - 210, 217 - 222, 226, 239, 412
USSR negotiations, McCloy memo, 42 - 47, 53 - 55, 779 - 785
Working Group on Underground Nuclear Tests, 634 - 635, 636 - 637
NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 546, 732 - 733, 735, 746, 762 - 766, 770 - 771, 781, 880

Adenauer on, 763 - 765, 778n
Ball on, 763, 841n
French position, 763, 791 - 794, 827 - 832, 852, 867, 868
German position, 763 - 765, 778n, 796, 801, 828, 831 - 832
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 732 - 733, 735, 746, 763, 780, 781, 787 - 788, 791 - 794, 797 - 801, 805 - 807, 809n, 811 - 812, 814, 824, 826, 828, 830, 831 - 834, 835, 839 - 841, 848
Kennedy on, 763 - 765, 778n, 835
Rusk on, 762 - 766, 770 - 771
Naval forces, NATO. See Multilateral nuclear force; Polaris program; Submarines.
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 285
Neidle, Alan F., 483
Neutral countries. See Non - aligned countries
Neutron bombs:

Brownon, 65, 129
Foster on, 644
JCS memo on, 39 - 40, 61, 107
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, briefing, 742 - 743
NSC on, 136, 220, 222
test moratorium, JCS on US voluntary, 39 - 40, 41
US/UK bilateral cooperation, 477
USSR interest, 61, 107 - 108
Wiesner on, 129, 136, 521
Nevada tests, 192, 207n, 212 - 213, 219, 392, 470, 636, 698, 738

atmospheric, 220, 222, 245, 252, 259, 260, 263, 313, 321, 440, 441, 442, 470
Dobrynin/Rusk conversation, 485
US/UK cooperation, 225, 477
Newman, Joseph, 234 New York Herald Tribune, 234 New York Times, 12, 164n, 259, 488
Niblick program, 882
Nigeria, 454
Nike - Zeus missiles, 40, 64, 65, 108, 122, 129, 153, 216, 269, 300 - 301, 333
Nitze, Paul H.:

Committee of Principals, 201, 348 - 349, 468, 504, 507, 521, 604, 607, 610, 722 Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 371, 504, 507, 521, 604, 644 - 646
GCD, Gromyko opinion, 85
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 11
German nuclear capabilities, 521
Gromyko/Stevenson talks, Rusk on, 19
orbiting nuclear weapons, 892
test ban proposals, 240, 310, 362, 504, 644, 722, 725
testing resumption, 56, 201
Non - aligned countries (see also Eight - Nation Delegation; specific countries):

atmospheric test ban, 159
Belgrade Conference, Murrow on, 149 - 150, 163, 168
Committee of Principals, 421, 504, 511
GCD, technical briefing by US experts, 551n
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 412, 413, 421, 453, 504, 511, 530, 665
inspection, on - site, 478, 598, 677 - 678
Kennedy/Macmillan exchanges, 140, 675, 676 - 678
Kennedy/Khrushchev exchanges, 87, 592
NIE on US resumption of testing, 4 - 5
non - proliferation controls, 705
Stevenson and, 28, 80, 82, 248 - 249
Swedish UN test ban resolution, 231 - 233, 451
UK relations, 475, 480
UN relations, 413 - 414, 475, 480
Non - dissemination/non - proliferation controls (see also Nuclear free zones):

ACDA, 570n, 571
Adenauer on, 571, 582
Ball on, 623, 673n
Berlin crisis and, 454, 652
Bundy on, 619n, 632, 781
Canada, 640, 643
China, 451, 544, 545, 571, 573 - 574, 583, 602, 618 - 619, 621 - 622, 639, 651, 668, 704, 732, 748 - 749, 752 - 753, 866

Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 732, 735, 771 - 772, 783, 784, 789, 790, 796, 800, 801, 803, 808
Cline memo to Foster, 582 - 583
Committee of Principals on, 508, 513 - 514
cost factors, 521, 582 - 583, 747 - 749
de Gaulle on, 571, 582
Dobrynin/Rusk conversations, 541 - 547, 556 - 557, 620 - 621, 640 - 641, 647 - 648, 704 - 705, 781, 786
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 453 - 454, 508, 513 - 514, 519, 535
Fisher on, 570n
Fisk Report, 16
Foster on, 570n, 582 - 583, 668
Franco - German Treaty, 640 - 641, 658
French position, 33, 544, 571, 582 - 583, 593, 620, 621 - 622, 630, 632, 639, 648, 650 - 652, 660, 668, 745, 747, 748,, 745, 792, 794
German (FRG) position, 413, 451, 454, 496, 503n, 544 - 547, 570 - 571, 602, 618, 621, 622, 632, 641, 642 - 643, 651 - 652, 660, 675, 686, 746
Germanys, agreement on, 413, 451, 496, 503n, 544 - 547, 570 - 571, 602, 618, 621
Gilpatric on, 570n
Gromyko/Rusk exchanges, 33, 496, 503n, 542 - 544, 557 - 559, 602, 660, 672
Home on, 570, 621 - 622, 675, 755
Irish UN resolution, 26, 203, 451
JCS on, 25 - 26, 571, 619
Kaysen on, 571n
Kennedy, 570 - 572, 582n, 618 - 619, 623, 668, 781
Kennedy/Khrushchev letter, 672 - 673
Kennedy/Macmillan exchanges, 582n, 652n, 656, 660, 752 - 755
Khrushchev, 672 - 673, 675, 686, 731 - 732
Kuznetsov/Rusk conversation, 630 - 631
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 731 - 732, 780 - 781, 784, 786 - 787, 807, 808, 813, 838
McNamara on, 570n, 582n
Middle East, 705, 748
NATO, 620 - 622,

multilateral nuclear force, 521, 543, 546, 570 - 571, 618, 621 - 622, 640 - 644, 647 - 648, 652, 672 - 673, 699, 704, 705, 732, 735, 745 - 746, 780 - 781, 786 - 787, 790, 797 - 800
NIE on likelihood of proliferation, 747 - 749
non - aligned countries, general, 705
Rusk on, 570 - 572, 602, 618 - 619, 623, 630 - 631, 651, 673n, 675, 780 - 781, 869
Rusk/Dobrynin exchanges, 541 - 547, 556 - 557, 620 - 621, 632, 640 - 644, 647 - 648, 704 - 705, 781
Rusk/Gromyko exchanges, 33, 496, 503n, 542 - 544, 557 - 559, 602, 651, 660, 672
Stevenson on, 451
Swedish UN test ban resolution, 232 - 233, 451
Ten - Nation Group, expansion, 28
Thompson on, 673n
UK position, 570 - 572, 618, 620 - 622, 630, 632, 648, 675, 755
UN actions, 25 - 26, 232 - 233, 451, 545, 547, 557, 602, 651n
Warsaw Pact, 546, 732 - 733, 735, 746
North American Air Defense Command, 643
North Atlantic Council, 232, 423, 793
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (see also Multilateral nuclear force (NATO); NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact; North Atlantic Council):

base reductions, 464
Committee of Principals, 146
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 340 - 341, 343, 364, 378, 388, 413
France, 33, 621 - 622, 648, 652, 763, 827 - 832, 868
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 311
Germany, 34, 641, 746, 763 - 765, 778n, 796, 801, 828, 831 - 832, 905
Gromyko, 33, 805 - 806, 809n,
814, 826, 832, 833 - 834, 840, 887 - 888
inspection issues, 888
JCS, 21 - 27
Kennedy/Khrushchev letters, 578, 672 - 673, 695, 715 McNamara, JCS memo to, 21 - 27
non - dissemination controls, 620 - 622

multilateral nuclear force, 521, 543, 546, 570 - 571, 618, 621 - 622, 640 - 644, 647 - 648, 652, 672 - 673, 699, 704, 705, 732, 735, 745 - 746, 780 - 781, 786 - 787, 790, 797 - 800
nuclear stockpiles, 343
Rusk on, 735, 780 - 781, 816, 869, 887 - 888
Stevenson/Zorin talks, 248 - 249
Swedish UN test ban resolution, 231 - 233
test resumption, 146
UK position, 648, 697
USSR defense budget analysis, 104
Warsaw Pact (see NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact), 775, 781

Northrup, Doyle, 500, 531
Norton (DOD), 531
Norway, 232
Nuclear explosions, peaceful uses (See also Seismic research), 719

Gromyko/McCloy meeting, 33
Kennedy, report on program, 177
Kennedy/Khrushchev meeting, 79 - 80
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 803, 804, 810, 823 - 824
NIE on, 2n, 748
NSC on, 56
Plowshare program, 159, 178, 183, 191, 699, 680 - 681, 682 - 683, 724 - 726, 877 - 878
US/USSR materials transfers to peaceful uses, 351, 370, 388, 606 - 607, 614, 770, 787
Nuclear free zones, 379, 451, 573n, 593, 781, 787, 888 - 889
Nuclear materials, weapons grade:

Committee of Principals on, 143, 144, 606 - 609
cost factors:

production cutoffs, 31, 32, 465 - 466, 607
weight - to - yield ratios, 48, 107, 116 - 117, 123, 219 - 220, 243, 245, 246 - 247, 251, 263 - 265, 274, 314, 684, 741 - 742, 756
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 341, 370, 388
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 318
Gromyko/McCloy meeting, 33
neutron bombs, 65, 129, 136
test moratorium, US voluntary, 39 - 40, 41
USSR interest, 61, 107 - 108
Panel on Cutoff, report, 30 - 31
Panofsky Panel Report, JCS response, 125 - 126
production cutoff agreements, 30 - 31, 32, 109 - 110, 144 - 145, 349, 369, 370, 388, 606 - 609, 615, 770, 861 - 862
reductions, 606
UN, Kennedy speech, 173
US/USSR materials transfers to peaceful uses, 351, 370, 388, 606 - 607, 614, 733, 770, 787
USSR, 48, 61, 116 - 117, 761 - 762, 775
yield - to - weight ratios, 48, 107, 116 - 117, 123, 219 - 220, 243, 245, 246 - 247, 251, 263 - 265, 271, 274, 314, 644, 684, 741 - 742, 756
Nuclear stockpiles (see also Parity concept; Proportionality concept), 30 - 31, 155, 264, 270 - 271, 314

Committee of Principals on, 145, 346 - 347, 349, 351, 605, 606, 774
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 342, 343, 369 - 370, 377
inspection of, 387
Kennedy/Khrushchev talks, 88
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letter to Khrushchev, response to, 693 - 694
NATO, 343
Panofsky Panel Report, 125 - 126
UN, Kennedy speech, 173
US/USSR stockpile transfers to peaceful uses, 351, 370, 388, 606 - 607, 614, 770, 787
USSR, 125, 168 - 169, 693 - 694, 761
verification of reductions, 606
Nuclear Test Ban Agreement. See Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee; Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests.
Nuclear weapons testing. See Atmospheric testing; Comprehensive test bans; Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee; General and comprehensive disarmament; Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests; Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations; Outer space testing; Secret testing; Seismic Underground testing; Underwater testing.
Operation Dominic, 441 - 442, 470n, 549 - 550, 566 - 568
Operation Ivanhoe, 210n
Operation Nougat, 210n, 470n
Operation Storax, 470n, 636 - 637
Orange shot, 40
Orbiting weapons. See Earth orbit.
Ormsby Gore, David, 52, 115, 130, 138, 140, 224, 274, 281, 296, 308, 309, 325 - 326, 337 - 338, 441 - 442, 447, 449, 597, 656, 757

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 352 - 355, 360, 365 - 368, 372, 415
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 52, 115, 130, 138, 140
non - diffusion negotiations, 570
Outer Mongolia, 848n
Outer space (see also Earth orbit; Outer space testing; Satellites), 563, 564, 896 - 897
Outer space testing, 182, 197n, 219, 257, 470, 507, 563 - 565

AEC, 470
Atomic Energy Detection System, 638, 883 - 884
China, 320
Committee of Principals on, 75, 500, 507, 509
Defense Department on, 564
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 500, 507, 509, 560 - 562, 563 - 565, 568 - 569, 576, 577 - 578, 585 - 586, 810
Fisk Report, 15 - 16
interagency committee (NSAM 156) on ban, 563 - 565
JCS position, 865
Kennedy on, 563 - 565, 568 - 569, 575 - 579, 781
Outer space testing--Continued
Kennedy/Khrushchev letters, 568 - 569, 575 - 579
Khrushchev, 731, 762, 777, 781, 786, 799, 800, 803, 807, 819 - 823
large yield tests, 188
McNamara on, 123
NIE on, 1 - 2, 5 - 6, 49 - 50
radiation flux in space, 39, 41, 587
UN, 563, 572 - 575, 596
underground testing and, 756

Pacific Ocean (See also Christmas Island; Johnston Island), 212, 321, 470, 865

Dominic I atmospheric tests, 441 - 442, 549 - 550, 566 - 568
Eniwetok Proving Grounds, 182, 191, 206 - 207, 211, 212, 220, 245
French testing, 842
Padilla Nervo, Luis, 484, 555
Pakistan, 249
Panama Canal, 823, 878
Panel on Nuclear Testing. See Panofsky Panel Report.
Panel on the Technical Capabilities and Implications of the Geneva System. See Fisk Panel Report.
Panofsky, Wolfgang, 136
Panofsky Panel Report, 106 - 109, 114, 269

atmospheric testing, Defense Department report, 188, 189
Ball memo, 131 - 132
Brown, letter to Wiesner, 128 - 129
JCS response, 114, 124 - 127, 135
Maxwell memo, 133 - 134
NSC memo, 134 - 137
Taylor on, 16, 127n, 133 - 134, 136, 168
underground tests, 106 - 109, 114, 124 - 127, 128 - 129
Parity concept, 342 - 343, 346 - 347, 349, 605
Parker, Adm. Edward N., 346, 363
Parrott, Thomas, 209 - 210
Pastore, John, 356, 822, 880
Peaceful uses. See Nuclear explosions, peaceful uses; Seismic research.
Pelen, Pierre, 791
Penny, Sir William, 272 - 273, 275, 278, 391n, 576
Perkins Panel, 30 - 31
Pershing program, 216
Photographic intelligence, 773
U - 2 incident, 274 - 275, 279, 497
Plowshare program, 159, 178, 183, 191, 699, 680 - 681, 682 - 683, 724 - 726, 877 - 878
Plutonium, tritium, and uranium. See Nuclear materials.
Poland, 32 - 34, 553
Polaris program, 13, 63, 153, 195, 197, 216, 219, 263 - 264, 267, 270, 274, 299, 300, 301, 339, 430 - 431, 439
Popper, David H., 200
Price, Benjamin M., 492
Price, Charles M., 356
Press. See Media.
Press, Frank, 490 - 491
Proliferation controls. See Non - dissemination/non - proliferation controls.
Proof testing. See Reliability of nuclear weapons.
Proportionality concept, 342 - 343, 348, 349, 364 - 365, 606
Public opinion (see also Media):

atmospheric testing, 442
Berlin crisis, 131
Communist propaganda:

disarmament policies, 35 - 36, 257 - 258
resumption of testing by US, 2, 59, 138 - 139
Soviet testing during moratorium, 49
GCD, intelligence on, 773
inspection issues, 366, 367, 653
outer space testing, 564
test bans, 233 - 234, 309, 502, 679 - 680, 753, 809, 821 - 822, 847
testing resumption by US, 82, 132, 191, 259, 283 - 285, 288 - 289, 320 - 321, 422, 440, 450, 495

Committee of Principals on, 76, 144
Defense Department report, 190, 191, 334
Eniwetok Proving Grounds, 207
Kennedy, Congressional briefings, 93, 355 - 357
McNamara on, 118 - 119
Murrow on, 149 - 150, 153, 154
Nevada Test Site, 220
Public opinion--Continued NIE, 1 - 4, 5
Panofsky Panel Report, 126 - 127
public opinion, 236
Vela tests, 487, 501
testing resumption by USSR:

McCloy on, 158
Murrow on, 149 - 150, 153, 154
NIE on, 167 - 168
Pugwash Committee, 576 - 577, 623 - 624, 657

Radar, nuclear weapons effects on (see also Blackout), 178, 261 - 262, 269 - 270
Radiation effects on health (see also Neutron bombs):

atmospheric testing, 124, 126 - 127, 160, 183, 190, 226, 245, 282 - 283, 320 - 321, 439, 736
ballistic missile, test firing, 196
Canadian position, 4, 37, 93, 200, 203
Committee of Principals on, 141 - 142
Communist propaganda, 2
genetic, 182
Kennedy, report on testing program, 181 - 182, 183
Kennedy/Macmillan and, 131, 742 - 743, 756
Kohler, instructions on Soviet approach, 587n
lethal effects testing, 117, 181
McCone memo, 669
Panofsky Panel Report, 126 - 127
public fears, 3 - 4, 126 - 127
Sahara Desert, French tests, 856 - 857
Stevenson letter to Kennedy, 404
underground testing, 75, 183, 213, 825
underwater testing, 124
UN fallout testing initiative, 170 - 171
X - ray/other kill mechanisms, 122
Radio, 178, 179 - 180, 355 - 357
Ramsbotham, Mason, 472
Rand Corp., 584
Rapacki Plan, 34
Rathjens, George, 581n, 776
Reactors, USSR capacity, 762
Read, Benjamin H., 809n, 837n, 845
Reliability of nuclear weapons, 15n, 69, 117, 177
Research and development. See Atmospheric testing; Comprehensive test bans; Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee; General and comprehensive disarmament; Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests; Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations; Neutron bombs; Outer space testing; Seismic research; Underground testing; Underwater testing.
Reserve forces, 432
Retaliatory capability, nuclear warfare, 107

Brown paper to NSC, 62
hardened sites, 121 - 122, 123, 180 - 181, 190, 219, 243, 313, 333, 802
JCS on, 802
Maxwell on, 133 - 134
Panel on Cutoff Report, 31
Reuters, 487
Riddell, Maj. Gen. (UK), 380
Riley, Adm. Herbert D., 327
Robb, M. A. M., 447, 449
Romney, Carl, 514 - 516, 531, 551n
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 84 - 85, 285, 789
Rostow, Walt W., 95, 350, 421
Ruina, Jack, 514
Rusk, Dean:

ACDA, GCD treaty proposal, 422, 423, 428 - 433, 436 - 437, 500 - 506, 603, 679 - 682, 904 - 905
Acheson, conversation, 102 - 103
Adenauer and, 872, 873 - 876
atmospheric and/or undersea testing, 93 - 94, 158 - 160, 202, 208n, 215n, 238, 239, 252, 319 - 322, 323, 324n, 325 - 326, 328 - 329, 331 - 332, 334, 335 - 336, 440, 510, 532, 710 - 714
Berlin crisis, 444, 459 - 460, 485, 775
Chinese nuclear capability, 194, 793
Committee of Principals, 71 - 78, 197 - 204, 237n, 345 - 351, 417, 461 - 468, 499 - 500, 502 - 504, 506, 510 - 513, 601 - 611, 679 - 680, 719 - 726, 773 - 775
Cuban missile crisis, 601 - 602
Dean, Kennedy letter, 17 - 18
Dobrynin conversations, 444 - 446, 541 - 547, 556 - 557, 620 - 621, 640 - 641, 647 - 648, 702 - 705, 781, 786, 793
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 378 - 379, 534 - 537

Committee of Principals on, 499 - 500, 502 - 504, 506, 510 - 513
Dobrynin, conversations with, 444 - 446, 647, 889
Gromyko exchanges, 381, 384 - 385, 405 - 406, 493 - 495, 573
inspection, 487 - 488, 550 - 551, 624, 644 - 647
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact,763, 765 - 766, 778n
NSC meeting on, 411 - 414
outer space, weapons in, 896 - 897
test ban, 362, 364, 372, 373 - 374, 376 - 378, 383, 405 - 406, 657 - 658, 863 - 864
UK position, 492 - 493, 535 - 539
UN, 573, 896 - 897
US/UK talks, 492 - 493
US/UK/USSR exchange, 382 - 383
US/USSR talks, 493 - 495
White House staff meetings, 362, 364, 372, 521, 528, 530, 644 - 647
GCD, 422, 423, 428 - 433, 436 - 437, 499 - 507, 510 - 514, 541n, 603, 679 - 682, 904 - 905
Gromyko exchanges, 33, 83 - 85, 184 - 185, 381, 384 - 385, 405 - 406, 493 - 496, 502, 503n, 542 - 544, 557 - 559, 572 - 575, 602, 651, 660, 672, 887 - 889
Khrushchev, 80, 83 - 85, 86, 113 - 114, 486, 687

Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 744 - 746, 766, 779 - 784, 791 - 794, 801, 809n, 815 - 816, 821 - 823, 827, 829 - 830, 835, 845 - 850, 853 - 855
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letter to, 707 - 710
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 781, 816, 835, 839 - 840, 841n
speech, 763
low - yield tests, 736 - 738
military troop movements in Europe, monitoring, 869
NATO:

inspection issues, 888
multilateral nuclear force, 735, 780 - 781

NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 781, 816, 839 - 840, 841n, 869, 887 - 888 non - diffusion agreements, 602, 673n, 675, 869


Dobrynin exchanges, 541 - 547, 556 - 557, 620 - 621, 632, 640 - 641, 642 - 644, 647 - 648, 704 - 705, 781
French position, 651
Gromyko exchanges, 33, 496, 503n, 542 - 544, 557 - 559, 602, 651, 660, 672
Kennedy, memo to, 570 - 572, 618 - 619, 623
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 780 - 781
Kuznetsov conversation, 630 - 631
Nuclear Test Delegation, memo from Gullion, 20 - 21
outer space testing, 563, 887, 896 - 897
Plowshare program, 724 - 726, 878
secret testing, 9, 521
test ban proposals, 95, 199 - 200, 235 - 239, 311, 362, 589, 644, 898

Adenauer on, 872, 873 - 876
atmospheric and/or undersea, 93 - 94, 158 - 160, 238, 252, 510, 532, 710 - 714
Committee of Principals, 71 - 78, 197 - 204, 237n, 499 - 507, 510 - 514, 679 - 682, 719 - 725
Dobrynin conversations, 443 - 446, 485 - 487, 702 - 704
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, 447 - 448, 449, 752 - 758
outer space testing, 887, 896 - 897
Stevenson, 248 - 250, 450n, 454, 458n
UN, 572 - 575
US/UK atmospheric testing ban proposal, 208n, 239
testing resumption, 58, 140, 152n, 153, 163, 164n, 165 - 166, 224, 272, 281, 287, 319 - 322, 898

atmospheric, 215n, 202, 208n, 239, 319 - 322, 323, 324n, 325 - 326, 328 - 329, 331 - 332, 334, 335 - 336, 440, 471 - 472, 476
Committee of Principals on, 141, 142, 145 - 146, 148, 197 - 204
fallout testing initiative, 170 - 171 Kennedy/Macmillan exchanges on, 140, 272, 276, 281, 447 - 448, 449
NSC on, 56, 217n, 328 - 329, 331 - 332, 334, 335 - 336, 440
UN position, 170 - 171, 202
UK relations (see also Kennedy/Macmillan and US/UK subheadings above and below), 170 - 171, 202, 362 - 362, 471 - 472, 476 - 484
UN actions:

outer space, weapons in, 896 - 897
testing resumption, 170 - 171, 202
US/UK atmospheric testing ban proposal, 208n, 239
visit to UK, 471 - 474
Russell (UK), 380
Russell, Richard, 92, 154, 220, 222, 356, 530, 532, 822, 881 - 885

Safety of nuclear weapons:

ballistic missile, test firing, 196
Fisk Report, JCS opinion, 15n
Kennedy, research report, 178, 181 - 182
underground testing, 213 - 214
Sahara Desert, French testing in, 694, 698, 709, 842, 856 - 857
Salinger, Pierre, 164n, 447, 449, 528
Saltonstall, Leverett, 92, 356
Samuel, Ian, 380, 471, 472
Sands, Matthew L., 551
SANE, 150
Satellites (see also Earth orbit):

atmospheric/outer space testing, monitoring, 563, 884
UN concerns on decaying orbits, 452
weapons testing detection, 903
Schirra, Wally, 567
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr., 115, 362

atmospheric testing, 259, 282 - 285, 286n, 287, 288 - 290
Stevenson proposals, 458n, 475
Schroeder, Gerhard, 763, 764 - 765, 778n, 848, 863
Scoville, Herbert Jr., 58, 74, 159, 198, 201, 217 - 218, 237, 238, 241, 310, 599, 723n
Scoville Committee, 600 - 601
Seaborg, Glenn T., 197n, 287
AEC secret testing, 8 - 10
Seaborg, Glenn T.--Continued

anti - ballistic missiles, 201, 336 - 337
atmospheric testing, 158 - 162, 193 199, 210 - 214, 218 - 219, 226, 241 - 248, 250 - 253, 272, 276 - 277, 278, 310, 328, 334, 439 - 441, 505, 549 - 550, 566 - 568, 599 - 601, 736 - 738
Committee of Principals, 77, 141, 143, 144n, 148, 198, 199, 200, 238, 240 - 241, 351n, 436 - 438, 468, 501, 511, 608, 681 - 683, 774
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 468, 501, 511, 644 - 647
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 10 - 14, 199
inspection issues, 624 - 625, 644 - 647
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, 272, 276 - 277, 279
Kennedy national address, briefing on, 355 - 357
monitoring of tests, 363
outer space tests, 470
Panofsky Report, 135
Plowshare program, 680, 725 - 726
test ban proposals, 204, 240 - 241, 362, 393 - 395, 644 - 647, 680, 880 - 881
test yield, 161
underground testing, 218 - 219, 279, 512, 635, 644

radiation releases, 183n
scheduling, 162, 192 - 193
seismic detection, 501
US/USSR capabilities compared, 599 - 601
USSR testing, 152 - 157
Second strike capability (see also Retaliatory capability), 302
Secret testing (see also Detection technology; Seismic sensing of nuclear explosions), 639

AEC, 722
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 370, 375
Haworth on, 521 - 522
JCS position, 53 - 55, 684, 720, 754
Kennedy/Macmillan talks, 754
McCloy proposal, 45, 46 - 47, 53 - 55
McCone memo, 654
NIE on, 5, 48 - 51
Rusk on, 9, 521
US, Bundy on, 8 - 10
USSR, general:
Brown report to NSC, 60 - 62, 66 Committee of Principals, 74 - 75, 143 - 144
intelligence on, 168 - 169
Kennedy letter to Macmillan, 130
Khrushchev/McCloy meeting, 111
Jackson on, 154 - 155
McNamara on, 118
NIE, 5, 15, 48 - 51
Panofsky Panel report, 106 - 107, 128
White House staff meeting, 734 - 735
Seismic research, nuclear explosions:

McCloy telegram, 45, 46 - 47, 53 - 55
McCone on, 668 - 670
NSC on, 56
Seismic sensing of nuclear explosions, 50, 106 - 107, 362

ACDA on, 489 - 490, 514 - 516, 539, 649
Atomic Energy Detection System, 884 - 885, 903
Berkner Panel, 143
black boxes, 597, 626 - 627, 637, 653, 668, 701, 799
Committee of Principals on, 78, 141, 142, 499, 500, 508, 511 - 513
Congressional concerns, 499, 653
Dean on, 239 - 2240
Eight - Nation proposal, 517
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 371, 398 - 399, 405, 487 - 489, 551n, 552 - 553, 597, 637 - 639, 649
fallibility, McCone on, 653 - 654, 668, 753
Fisk Report, JCS opinion, 15
French testing, 489 - 490, 694, 709
Foster on, 517 - 519, 644 - 645, 653 - 654
Geneva test discontinuance talks, 13, 235
Home on, 537 - 538, 539, 591
JCS position, 15, 720 - 721
Kennedy/Gromyko talks, 590 - 591
Kennedy/Khrushchev letters, 576 - 577, 579, 585 - 586, 623 - 624, 627, 694
Kennedy/Macmillan exchanges, 391 - 393, 626 - 627, 740 - 742, 753
Khrushchev, 84, 587 - 588, 728 - 730, 745
McCloy on, 45, 46 - 47, 53 - 55, 531
McNamara on, 501, 514 - 516, 531
Hard Hat shot, 121 - 122, 123
Nuclear Test Delegation, Gullion memo, 21
Rusk/Dobrynin conversation, 485 - 487
Seaborg on, 501
seismic detection, 487
UK, 399 - 401, 476 - 477, 537 - 537
US/UK cooperation on, 476 - 478, 480, 539, 581, 591 - 592, 597
US/UK discussions, 366 - 367, 482
US/UK/USSR exchanges, 633
Vela program, 122, 123, 178, 183, 191, 366, 487 - 488, 489, 492 - 493, 499, 500, 502, 531, 637, 668
Wiesner on, 500, 501, 516, 539, 580 - 581, 594 - 595, 627, 700 - 701
Semenov, Vladimir Semenovich, 184, 589, 894
Senate of the United States (see also specific Senators):

atmospheric test moratorium, 713
Chinese testing, 758
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 523, 530, 654
Kennedy/Khrushchev talks, 88, 92 - 93
Khrushchev, Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 783, 805, 809, 810 - 811, 821 - 822, 830 - 831, 835, 841, 857, 849, 854, 880, 881, 886 - 887
Nuclear Test Delegation, Gullion memo, 20
Stennis Committee, 680, 720, 721, 722, 724, 783, 784n, 902 - 903
underground testing, 881 - 885
Shattuck (UK), 380
Shoup, Gen. David M., 830
Shuckburgh, Sir Evelyn, 447, 449, 471
Sino - Soviet bloc (see also Warsaw Pact):

French position, Kennedy letter to de Gaulle, 851 - 853
JCS memo to McNamara, 22 - 25
NIE on disarmament policies, 37
NIE on US resumption of testing, 5
nuclear capabilities, study on, 548
nuclear material production, 24 - 25
Panofsky Report, 133
UN, Kennedy disarmament speech, 173 - 174
Skybolt program, 63, 216
SLAM program, 300
Smathers, Sen. George, 754
Smirnovsky, Mikhail, 324 - 325
Smith, Bromley, 236 - 237, 327, 802, 827, 831, 835, 845, 848, 882
Smith, Maj. William Y., 344, 458 - 549, 623
Sobolev (USSR), 497
Sokolov, Oleg, 324
Sonar, 313 - 314
Sorensen, Theodore, 221, 713, 837
South Africa, 454, 521
Soviet Union. See Dobrynin; Gromyko; US/USSR; USSR subheadings under other subjects.
Spaak, Paul - Henri, 793
Space. See Earth orbit; Outer space; Outer space testing; Satellites.
Spain, 855
Special National Intelligence Estimates (see also National Intelligence Estimates):

SNIE 11 - 9 - 61, 48 - 51, 128n
SNIE 11 - 11 - 61, 167 - 168
Spiers, Ronald H., 248n, 365, 380, 480, 481, 483, 484
Spying. See Espionage.
Stalin, Josif, 789
Stelle, Charles C., 240, 380, 480, 481, 483, 516, 533
Stennis, John C., 680, 720, 721, 722, 724, 783, 784n, 902 - 903
Stevenson, Adlai E., II, 174 - 176

Africa, 451
atmospheric testing, 317 - 319, 404, 450 - 452
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 450 - 452, 454, 458 - 459
Gromyko talks, 19, 28 - 29
Kennedy, exchanges with, 79 - 80, 450 - 452, 454, 458 - 459, 475
Kennedy/Macmillan letter, 304 - 305
non - aligned countries, 28, 80, 82, 248 - 249
orbiting nuclear weapons, 893
test ban proposals, 204n, 304 - 305, 403 - 404, 450 - 452, 454, 458 - 459
testing resumption, 81 - 83, 150 - 152, 157 - 158, 199, 206 - 207, 220, 206 - 207, 317 - 319, 322, 329, 334 - 335, 404, 450 - 452

Eniwetok, 206 - 207, 220
Zorin talks, 248 - 250
Stockpiles. See Nuclear stockpiles.
Stone, Shepard, 34
Strategic Air Command, 269
Strauss, Lewis, 830 - 831
Submarines (see also Polaris program), 178, 218, 263, 526, 548, 762
Sukhodrev, Viktor, 380, 493, 572, 589, 685, 894
Sullivan, Willialm H., 750n, 789n
Sulzberger, Cyrus, 164n
Surface - to - air missiles, 351
Sweden:

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 530n, 553
NIE on US resumption of testing, 5
nuclear capabilities:, 521, 747
UN test ban resolution, 231 - 233, 451
Sweeney, Joseph, 447, 449
Switzerland, 33, 875
Symington, Stuart, 155, 654, 822

Tactical nuclear warfare, 108 - 109, 177, 243 - 244, 742 - 743, 753

Brown report to NSC, 64 - 65
Davy Crockett weapon, 123, 156
JCS on, 126, 865 - 866
Panofsky Panel Report, 126, 133
training exercises, 802
Tactical weapons. See Conventional weapons.
Taiwan, 843, 844, 850 - 851, 855n, 860
Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D., 161, 548 - 549, 898

AICBMs, 134
atmospheric testing, 710 - 712
ballistic missile, test firing, 195n
Committee of Principals, 603, 605, 607, 607, 679, 720 - 723, 774
GCD, 889 - 892
high - yield bomb development, 706
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 780, 783 - 784, 830, 878, 880
military base reductions, 608
neutron bomb, 136
Panofsky Panel Report, 16, 127n, 133 - 134, 136, 168
Smith memo, not declassified, 623
test bans, 310, 679, 720 - 723, 780, 783 - 784
USSR testing resumption, intelligence aspects, 168 - 170
Teak shot, 40
Telephone, State Department/Moscow Embassy, 80
Television:

Kennedy address on testing, 355 - 357
McCone on test ban inspections, 653
Teller, Edward, 13, 584, 821
Ten - Nation Group, 19, 28
Terrier missile, 161
Test bans. See Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests; Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee; Inspection issues; Limited Test Ban Treaty; Verification issues.
Testing. See Atmospheric testing; Comprehensive test bans; Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee; General and comprehensive disarmament; Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests; Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations; Outer space testing; Secret testing; Seismic testing; Underground testing; Underwater testing.
Thant, U, 34, 44, 376
Thompson, John, 447, 449
Thompson, Llewellyn E., 620, 628, 885, 904 - 905

atmospheric/undersea testing, 93 - 94
Kennedy/Gromyko talks, 589, 894
Khrushchev and, 86, 110 - 113, 496 - 499, 663, 687
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 809n, 827, 835, 836n, 837n, 841n, 845, 848
non - diffusion negotiations, 673n
test ban proposals, 657
Three environments test ban treaty. See Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations (Harriman/Hailsham Moscow Mission).
Timerbaev, R. M., 99
Titan program, 264, 301
Trade issues, 813, 857 - 858
Transfer of nuclear weapons. See Non - dissemination/non - prolifera-tion controls.
Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Underwater. See Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations.
Trevelyan, Sir Humphrey, 676n, 685, 707, 744
Tritium, plutonium, and uranium. See Nuclear materials.
Troika proposal, 78, 84 - 85, 88, 90, 92, 94, 98, 111, 112
Truman, Harry, 217, 846
Tsarapkin, Semen, 254 - 255, 359, 380, 396 - 397, 401 - 402, 627, 632 - 634, 729, 803, 838
Turkestan, Soviet testing in, 50 - 51
Twining, Gen. Nathan F., 723
Twining Committee Report, 306n, 723n
Tyler, William R., 447, 449, 642n, 650 - 652, 707, 752, 757, 778n, 791, 871, 894

U - 2 incident, 274 - 275, 279, 497
Underground testing (see also Inspection issues; Seismic sensing of nuclear explosions)

ABM development, 865
AEC program, 270, 290, 635, 636, 882
atmospheric testing and:

bans related to, 501, 504, 574, 731
distinction of underground and, 780, 878
supplementary to underground testing, 193, 247, 290
ban proposals, 93, 257, 450, 500, 569

atmospheric, related to, 501, 504, 574, 731
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 731, 745, 780, 783, 825
Kennedy/Khrushchev letters, 569, 575 - 579, 585 - 586
Bundy on, 163, 287, 898 - 899
Committee of Principals on, 75, 239 - 240, 499, 501, 504, 509, 511 - 512
compared to other environments, 161 - 162, 179, 182, 213
costs, 119, 121 - 122, 123, 162, 366,
Fisk Panel Report, 14, 106

Brown on, 65 - 66, 128
JCS opinion, 15n, 124, 125
McCloy on, 12, 14 - 17
Komer on, 70 - 71
French position, 473, 522, 694, 792, 886
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 370, 371, 519, 555
Hard Hat shot, 121 - 122, 123
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 731, 745, 779 - 780, 783, 786, 792, 825
Haworth on, 521 - 522
interagency working group, 634 - 635
JCS on, 15n, 38 - 41, 124 - 127 Kennedy/Khrushchev letters on, 569, 576
Kennedy/Macmillan exchanges on, 131, 139, 279, 755 - 753
McCone on, 669, 865
McNamara on, 120 - 123, 504
Nevada tests, 192, 207n, 212 - 213, 470, 738
NIE on resumption, 1 - 2, 5 - 6, 49 - 51
NSC meetings, 136, 635 - 636
Orange shot, 40
outer space testing and, 756
Panofsky Panel Report, 106 - 109, 114, 124 - 127, 128 - 129
public announcement of resumption, 121
R&D limitations of, 108, 161 - 162
radiation effects, 75, 183, 213, 825
radiation releases, 183n589
Ruysk/Dobrynin conversation, 485 - 486
research on program, 179, 182 - 183
scheduling, 162, 192 - 193
Seaborg on, 218 - 219, 279, 512, 635, 644
seismic detection, 501
Senate Armed Services Committee, Gilpatric letter, 881 - 885
Storax, 470n, 636 - 637
Teak shot, 40
UK relations and (see also Kennedy/Macmillan exchanges on above), 164 - 166, 473, 477, 478
UK use of US facilities, 225, 477
USSR secret testing, 650, 668 - 669
Vela program, 122, 123, 178, 183, 191, 366, 487 - 488, 489, 492 - 493, 499, 500, 502, 531, 637, 668
White House staff meetings, 521 - 522, 644

Underwater testing, 93 - 94, 182, 257 - 258


Atomic Energy Detection System, 884
ban proposals, 507, 509, 568 - 569, 572 - 575, 576, 577 - 578, 585 - 586, 592, 713, 762, 786, 799, 800, 803, 807, 810, 819 - 823
detection, UK cooperation, 477
Gilpatric on, 313 - 314, 903
Kennedy/Khrushchev letters, 568 - 569, 576, 577 - 578, 585 - 586, 810
Khrushchev on, 111, 731, 762
Underwater testing--Continued
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 731, 786, 799, 800, 803, 807, 819 - 823
McNamara on, 124
radiation effects, 124
seismic detection, 487
US/UK proposal, 559 - 562
United Kingdom (see also Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations (Harriman/Hailsham Moscow Mission); Macmillan, Harold; Kennedy/Macmillan; UK; US/UK subheadings under other subjects):

anti - ballistic missiles, 272, 273, 275, 277, 471, 756
atmospheric testing, 131, 159, 160, 164n, 200, 208, 223 - 224, 255 - 258, 272 - 281, 294, 298, 337 - 339, 471 - 473, 477 - 483, 527n, 537, 538, 559 - 562, 656, 756
Berlin crisis, 130, 131, 138, 166n, 274, 275, 279, 754, 796
Christmas Island, 207n, 212, 223, 227 - 230, 207n, 212, 223, 227 - 230, 236, 245, 251, 252, 274, 278 - 279, 293, 295 - 297, 521, 527, 537
de Gaulle on disarmament, 309
detection technology (see also seismic sensing below), 365 - 369, 476 - 484, 492 - 493
disarmament policies, 37 - 38, 272 - 278, 280 - 281, 308 - 309
Fisk Report, 15
France, 565, 796
testing by, 273, 473, 753, 754, 828, 847, 857, 869n
GCD, 480 - 482, 536 - 537, 551n, 559 - 562, 656
inspection issues, 365 - 367, 399 - 403, 414 - 415, 478 - 480, 492 - 493, 511, 513, 530, 533, 536, 537 - 538, 541, 559, 626 - 627, 649, 655 - 656, 660 - 661, 767 - 768
Kennedy/Macmillan joint letters to Khrushchev, 665 - 667, 674 - 676, 677 - 678, 708 - 710
Laos, 796
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, 796
non - diffusion controls, 570 - 572, 618, 620 - 622, 630, 632, 648, 652n, 656, 660, 675, 752 - 755, 755
nuclear weapons production, 669
United Kingdom--Continued
Rusk visit to UK, 471 - 474
seismic detection, 366 - 367, 482, 537 - 537

ACDA role, 399 - 401, 476 - 477
US cooperation on, 391 - 393, 399 - 401, 476 - 478, 480, 539, 591 - 592, 597, 626 - 627
test bans, 93, 119, 201, 237n, 362, 533

atmospheric, 159, 160, 255 - 258, 298, 471 - 473, 478 - 480, 559 - 562
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 352 - 355, 365 - 367, 395 - 398, 399n, 480 - 481, 483, 649, 650
US/UK joint proposals, 159, 160, 198, 201, 208 - 210, 223 - 224, 255 - 258, 289, 294, 298, 425 - 426, 471 - 473, 478 - 480, 527n, 559 - 562, 568, 573, 574, 656
US/UK talks, 352 - 355, 358 - 363, 476 - 484
testing resumption, 130 - 131, 137 - 140, 143, 164, 223 - 225, 272 - 281, 295 - 297, 304 - 305, 414 - 415, 565, 626 - 627, 655 - 661, 674 - 676
UN relations, 138, 198, 201, 203, 204, 475, 596

troika proposal, 78, 84 - 85, 88, 90, 92, 94, 98, 111, 112
US/UK/USSR exchanges (see also Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations (Harriman/Hailsham Moscow Mission), 380 - 385, 632 - 633
US/UK/USSR summit, possible, 665 - 667, 674
use of US facilities, 225, 477
verification issues (see also inspection issues above), 365 - 369, 438 - 439, 471, 565
United Nations (see also Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Commission; Stevenson, Adlai E., II; Thant, U; UN subheadings under other subjects):

atmospheric testing, 193, 200 - 204, 212, 220, 285, 294, 317 - 319, 322, 336, 483, 572 - 575, 596
Berlin crisis, 173n, 176, 200
bomber destruction, Foster proposal, 173
Canada, 495
Chinese (PRC) membership, 185, 200, 451, 629 Chinese (Taiwan) membership, 843
Congo, 85, 86, 285
Cuban missile crisis, 602
denuclearized zones, 593
Disarmament Commission, 28 - 29, 105
Eight - Nation proposal, 522
fallout testing initiative, 170n
Fisk Report, 16
French position, 158, 593, 796
GCD, 172, 554, 560, 572, 574 - 575
Geneva test discontinuance talks, McCloy telegram to U Thant, 44
Goa, 285
Indian resolution against testing, 142, 198, 200, 202n
inspection issues, 131, 202 - 204, 413 - 414, 560, 573, 596
International Disarmament Organization, 318
Irish proposal, 26, 203, 451
NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact, French position, 791
non - aligned countries, 475, 480
non - transfer agreements, 25 - 26, 231 - 233, 451, 545, 547, 557, 602, 651n
orbiting nuclear weapons, 892
outer space, resolution on weapons in, 896 - 897
outer space testing, 563, 572 - 575, 596
satellites, decaying orbits, 452
Swedish test ban resolution, 231 - 233, 451

Indian, 142, 198, 200, 202n
Irish, 26, 203, 451
Swedish, 231 - 233, 451
US/UK joint, 596
testing of nuclear weapons (see also atmospheric testing; outer space testing above, 115, 132, 138, 256

Eniwetok test, 207
fallout testing initiative, 170 - 171
Murrow on anti - nuclear movement, 150
resolutions on, 28 - 29, 81, 142, 152, 157 - 158, 193, 198, 200 - 204, 231 - 233, 294
resumption, 170 - 171, 202
resumption by US, 77, 78, 81 - 83, 137, 138 - 139, 142, 148, 150, 150 - 152, 157 - 158, 165, 193, 336 US/UK resolution, 198, 203, 204
transfer of nuclear weapons, resolution on, 25 - 26
UK position, 138, 201, 475, 596
US/UK resolution, 198, 203, 204
verification of disarmament, 468
veto power of Soviets, 85
United States Air Force:

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, briefing on, 551
North American Air Defense Command, 643
test detection, 489 - 491, 500, 514 - 515, 645
testing resumption by US, 2n, 6 - 7, 153, 211
USSR, testing during moratorium, 51n
United States Congress. See Congress of the United States.
United States Disarmament Administration. See Disarmament Administration
United States Information Agency, 121, 145, 149 - 150, 259
United States Intelligence Board, 2n, 3n, 4
Uranium, tritium, and plutonium. See Nuclear materials.
Usachev, I.G., 99
USSR. See Gromyko; Khrushchev; US/UK/USSR; USSR subheadings under other subjects.

Valdes, Philip H., 541
Van Zandt, James E., 356
Vela program, 122, 123, 178, 183, 191, 366, 487 - 488, 489, 492 - 493, 499, 500, 502, 531, 637, 668
Verification issues (see also Detection technology; Inspection issues; Seismic sensing), 18, 422

China, 93
Committee of Principals on, 468 - 469, 603
Dobrynin/Rusk/Home meeting, 888
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 381 - 384, 395 - 398, 456 - 457, 634
Gromyko/Kennedy talks, 590
JCS memo, 456 - 457, 683 - 685
Kennedy/Khrushchev talks, 86, 87 - 88
McCloy/Khrushchev meeting, 112
Verification issues--Continued
Kennedy/Macmillan letters, 438 - 439, 565
McNamara on, 346
military base reduction and, 506, 509
military expenditure reductions, 609 - 610, 615 - 616
stockpile reductions, 606
UK position, 365 - 369, 471
US/UK joint proposal, 425 - 426, 656
White House staff meeting, 362
Vietnam, 775, 844, 848n
Vinson, Carl, 92, 356

Warsaw Pact (see also NATO/Warsaw Pact non - aggression pact), 202n, 248 - 249, 318, 340 - 341, 343, 388, 765

non - transfer controls, 546, 732 - 733, 735, 746
nuclear capabilities, study on, 548
Webb, James E., 567
Western Europe, Soviet testing resumption, reaction, 154
Wheeler, Gen. Earle G., 159
Wiesner, Jerome B.:

ACDA, GCD treaty proposals, 420 - 424, 429 - 431, 500, 774
AICBMs, Brown on, 129, 261, 265, 269, 270
anti - ballistic missiles, 337
atmospheric testing, 188 - 191, 207n, 226, 252, 268 - 271, 329, 336, 337, 566, 599 - 600
Chinese nuclear capability, 194n
Committee of Principals, 74 - 75, 77, 78, 148, 236, 240, 241, 349 - 350, 351, 418, 420 - 422, 500, 501, 503, 506, 511, 603 - 607, 609 - 611, 682
Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 362, 363, 370 - 372, 413 - 414, 500, 501, 503, 506, 511, 521, 644
Eniwetok Proving Grounds, 207n
GCD, 551n, 552 - 553
Geneva test discontinuance talks, Kennedy preparations, 11
inspection issues, 413 - 414, 500, 580 - 581, 700 - 701, 738n
military base reductions, 607 - 608, 610
military expenditure reductions, verification, 609 - 610
Wiesner, Jerome B.--Continued
missile classification, 418
neutron bomb, 136, 521
Plowshare program, 725, 726
production cutoffs, 349, 506
secret testing, 8 - 9
seismic sensing, 500, 501, 516, 539, 580 - 581, 594 - 595, 627
test ban proposals, 74 - 75, 77, 78, 236, 240, 241, 306, 310, 362, 500, 503, 504, 644, 785n, 880n, 898
testing resumption, 56, 58, 69, 136, 148, 188 - 191, 207n, 226, 252, 268 - 271, 329, 336, 337, 470, 566, 599 - 600, 636, 898

Bethe Panel, memo on, 584
intelligence aspects, 168 - 170
Panofsky Report, 128 - 129, 136
US/UK cooperation, 492, 539, 581
Wiley, Alexander, 92
Wilkinson, Peter, 358, 365
Wilson, Archibald Duncan, 755n, 757
Wilson, Don, 141, 421
Wilson, Thomas W., 171
Winiewicz, Jozef, 32, 34
Working Group on Underground Nuclear Tests, 634 - 635, 636 - 637
Wright, Sir Michael, 374, 380, 477 - 482, 484, 492 - 493, 533

Yarmolinsky, Adam, 514n
Yield - to - weight ratios, 48, 107, 116 - 117, 123, 219 - 220, 243, 245, 246 - 247, 251, 263 - 265, 271, 274, 314, 644, 684, 741 - 742, 756

Zhukov, Georgiy Aleksandrovich, 808
Zorin, Valerian A., 34, 79, 97n, 99 - 103, 105, 114, 174n, 175, 426

Eighteen - Nation Disarmament Committee, 380, 453, 460, 530, 540 - 541, 550 - 551, 553, 554 - 555, 602, 613
Limited Test Ban Treaty negotiations, 803
McCloy negotiations, 37 - 38, 97 - 98, 105, 174 - 176
Stevenson talks, 248 - 250
Zuckerman, Sir Solly, 391n, 597, 627
Zuckert, Eugene M., 56
Zulueta, Philip de, 272, 278, 447, 449, 709n, 767 - 768, 869n