RussiaNote: For U.S. representatives to other republics of the former Soviet Union, see Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
Name: Francis Dana
State of Residency: Massachusetts
Title: Minister
Appointment: Dec 19, 1780
Note: Proceeded to post but was not officially received at court; left post Sep 1783.
Name: William Short
State of Residency: Virginia
Title: Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Sep 8, 1808
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate. Did not proceed to post his nomination having been rejected by the Senate while he was en route.
Name: John Qunicy Adams
State of Residency: Massachusetts
Title: Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jun 27, 1809
Presentation of Credentials: Nov 5, 1809
Termination of Mission: Left post Apr 28, 1814
Note: Nomination of Mar 6, 1809 rejected by the Senate; nomination of Jun 26, 1809 confirmed.
Name: James A. Bayard
State of Residency: Delaware
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Feb 28, 1815
Note: Did not proceed to post.
Name: William Pinkney
State of Residency: Maryland
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 7, 1816
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 13, 1817
Termination of Mission: Left post on or soon after Feb 14, 1818
Name: George Washington Campbell
State of Residency: Tennessee
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Apr 16, 1818
Presentation of Credentials: Feb 7, 1819
Termination of Mission: Left post Jul 8, 1820
Name: Henry Middleton
State of Residency: South Carolina
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Apr 6, 1820
Presentation of Credentials: Jun 17, 1821
Termination of Mission: Left post on or soon after Aug 3, 1830
Name: John Randolph
State of Residency: Virginia
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 26, 1830
Note: Proceeded to post but did not present credentials; left post Sep 19, 1830.
Name: James Buchanan
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jan 4, 1832
Presentation of Credentials: Jun 11, 1832
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Aug 5, 1833
Name: Mahlon Dickerson
State of Residency: New Jersey
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 28, 1834
Note: Declined appointment.
Name: William Wilkins
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jun 30, 1834
Presentation of Credentials: Dec 14, 1834
Termination of Mission: Left post Dec 24, 1835
Name: John Randolph Clay
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Chargé d'Affaires
Appointment: Jun 29, 1836
Presentation of Credentials: Sep 2, 1836
Termination of Mission: Left post Aug 5, 1837
Name: George M. Dallas
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 7, 1837
Presentation of Credentials: Aug 6, 1837
Termination of Mission: Left Russia, Jul 29, 1839
Name: Churchill C. Cambreleng
State of Residency: New York
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: [May 25, 1840]
Presentation of Credentials: Sep 21, 1840
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jul 13, 1841
Note: Commissioned not of record; letter of credence issued on May 25, 1840.
Name: Charles S. Todd
State of Residency: Kentucky
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Aug 27, 1841
Presentation of Credentials: Nov 28, 1841
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jan 27, 1846
Name: Ralph I. Ingersoll
State of Residency: Connecticut
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Aug 8, 1846
Presentation of Credentials: May 30, 1847
Termination of Mission: Left post Jul 1, 1848
Name: Arthur P. Bagby
State of Residency: Alabama
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jun 15, 1848
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 14, 1849
Termination of Mission: Transmitted recall by note soon after May 14, 1849
Name: Neill S. Brown
State of Residency: Tennessee
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 2, 1850
Presentation of Credentials: Aug 13, 1850
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jun 23, 1853
Name: Thomas H. Seymour
State of Residency: Connecticut
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 24, 1853
Presentation of Credentials: Apr 2, 1854
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jul 17, 1858
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 6, 1853.
Name: Francis W. Pickens
State of Residency: South Carolina
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jan 11, 1858
Presentation of Credentials: Jul 18, 1858
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Sep 9, 1860
Name: John Appleton
State of Residency: Maine
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jun 8, 1860
Presentation of Credentials: Sep 9, 1860
Termination of Mission: Left post Jun 8, 1861
Name: Cassius M. Clay
State of Residency: Kentucky
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 28, 1861
Presentation of Credentials: Jul 14, 1861
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jun 25, 1862
Name: Simon Cameron
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jan 17, 1862
Presentation of Credentials: Jun 25, 1862
Termination of Mission: Left post on or soon after Sep 18, 1862
Name: Cassius M. Clay
State of Residency: Kentucky
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 11, 1863
Presentation of Credentials: May 7, 1863
Termination of Mission: Relinquished charge, Oct 1, 1869
Name: John L. Dawson
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Note: Not commissioned; nomination rejected by the Senate.
Name: Henry A. Smythe
State of Residency: New York
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Note: Not commissioned; nomination tabled by the Senate.
Name: Andrew G. Curtin
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Apr 16, 1869
Presentation of Credentials: Oct 28, 1869
Termination of Mission: Presented recall on or shortly before Jul 1, 1872
Name: James L. Orr
State of Residency: South Carolina
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Dec 12, 1872
Presentation of Credentials: Mar 18, 1873
Termination of Mission: Died at post May 6, 1873
Name: Marshall Jewell
State of Residency: Connecticut
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 29, 1873
Presentation of Credentials: Dec 9, 1873
Termination of Mission: Left post Jul 19, 1874
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 10, 1873.
Name: George H. Boker
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jan 13, 1875
Presentation of Credentials: Jul 24, 1875
Termination of Mission: Superseded, Jan 14, 1878
Name: Edwin W. Stoughton
State of Residency: New York
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Oct 30, 1877
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 14, 1878
Termination of Mission: Left post Mar 2, 1879
Name: John W. Foster
State of Residency: Indiana
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jan 26, 1880
Presentation of Credentials: Jun 11, 1880
Termination of Mission: Relinquished charge, Aug 1, 1881
Name: William H. Hunt
State of Residency: Louisiana
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Apr 12, 1882
Presentation of Credentials: Aug 23, 1882
Termination of Mission: Died at post Feb 27, 1884
Name: Aaron H. Sargent
State of Residency: California
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Note: Not commissioned although nomination was confirmed by the Senate.
Name: Alphonso Taft
State of Residency: Ohio
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jul 4, 1884
Presentation of Credentials: Sep 3, 1884
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jul 31, 1885
Name: Alexander R. Lawton
State of Residency: Georgia
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Note: Not commissioned; nomination withdrawn before the Senate acted upon it.
Name: George V.N. Lothrop
State of Residency: Michigan
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 7, 1885
Presentation of Credentials: Jul 31, 1885
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Aug 1, 1888
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 13, 1886.
Name: Lambert Tree
State of Residency: Illinois
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Sep 25, 1888
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 4, 1889
Termination of Mission: Left post Feb 2, 1889
Name: Allen Thorndike Rice
State of Residency: New York
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 30, 1889
Note: Took oath of office, but died in the United States before proceeding to post.
Name: Charles Emory Smith
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Feb 14, 1890
Presentation of Credentials: May 14, 1890
Termination of Mission: Left post Apr 17, 1892
Name: Andrew D. White
State of Residency: New York
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jul 22, 1892
Presentation of Credentials: Nov 7, 1892
Termination of Mission: Relinquished charge, Oct 1, 1894
Name: Clifton R. Breckinridge
State of Residency: Arkansas
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jul 20, 1894
Presentation of Credentials: [Nov 1, 1894]
Termination of Mission: Probably presented recall about Dec 10, 1897
Note: Officially recognized on Nov 1, 1894.
Name: Ethan A. Hitchcock
State of Residency: Missouri
Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Aug 16, 1897
Presentation of Credentials: Dec 16, 1897
Termination of Mission: Promoted to Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 18, 1897.
Name: Ethan A. Hitchcock
State of Residency: Missouri
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Feb 11, 1898
Presentation of Credentials: Mar 21, 1898
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jan 28, 1899
Name: Charlemagne Tower
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jan 12, 1899
Presentation of Credentials: Mar 19, 1899
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Nov 19, 1902
Name: Robert S. McCormick
State of Residency: Illinois
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Sep 26, 1902
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 12, 1903
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Mar 27, 1905
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 8, 1902.
Name: George V.L. Meyer
State of Residency: Massachusetts
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 8, 1905
Presentation of Credentials: Apr 12, 1905
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jan 26, 1907
Name: John W. Riddle
State of Residency: Minnesota
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Dec 19, 1906
Presentation of Credentials: Feb 8, 1907
Termination of Mission: Left post Sep 8, 1909
Name: William Woodville Rockhill
State of Residency: District of Columbia
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 17, 1909
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 11, 1910
Termination of Mission: Presented recall Jun 17, 1911
Name: Curtis Guild
State of Residency: Massachusetts
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Apr 24, 1911
Presentation of Credentials: Aug 17, 1911
Termination of Mission: Left post Apr 24, 1913
Name: Henry M. Pindell
State of Residency: Illinois
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jan 27, 1914
Note: Declined appointment.
Name: George T. Marye
State of Residency: California
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jul 9, 1914
Presentation of Credentials: Oct 30, 1914
Termination of Mission: Left post Mar 29, 1916
Name: David R. Francis
State of Residency: Missouri
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 6, 1916
Presentation of Credentials: May 5, 1916
Termination of Mission: Normal relations interrupted, Nov 7, 1917; new Government of Russia still unrecognized by the United States when Francis left Russia on Nov 7, 1918
Note: Felix Cole was serving as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim when the Embassy in Russia was closed on Sep 14, 1919.
Name: William Christian Bullitt
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Nov 21, 1933
Presentation of Credentials: Dec 13, 1933
Termination of Mission: Left Russia, May 16, 1936
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 15, 1934. Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Joseph E. Davies
State of Residency: District of Columbia
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Nov 16, 1936
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 25, 1937
Termination of Mission: Left post Jun 11, 1938
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 23, 1937. Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Laurence A. Steinhardt
State of Residency: New York
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 23, 1939
Presentation of Credentials: Aug 11, 1939
Termination of Mission: Left post Nov 12, 1941
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: William H. Standley
State of Residency: California
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Feb 14, 1942
Presentation of Credentials: Apr 14, 1942
Termination of Mission: Left post Sep 19, 1943
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: W. Averell Harriman
State of Residency: New York
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Oct 7, 1943
Presentation of Credentials: Oct 23, 1943
Termination of Mission: Left post Jan 24, 1946
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Walter Bedell Smith
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 22, 1946
Presentation of Credentials: Apr 3, 1946
Termination of Mission: Left post Dec 25, 1948
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Alan G. Kirk
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 21, 1949
Presentation of Credentials: Jul 4, 1949
Termination of Mission: Left post Oct 6, 1951
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: George F. Kennan
State of Residency: Pennsylvania
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 14, 1952
Presentation of Credentials: May 14, 1952
Termination of Mission: Left post Sep 19, 1952
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The Government of the Soviet Union declared Kennan persona non grata on Oct 3, 1952, and he did not return to his post.
Name: Charles E. Bohlen
State of Residency: District of Columbia
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 27, 1953
Presentation of Credentials: Apr 20, 1953
Termination of Mission: Left post Apr 18, 1957
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Llewellyn E. Thompson
State of Residency: Colorado
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jun 3, 1957
Presentation of Credentials: Jul 16, 1957
Termination of Mission: Left post Jul 27, 1962
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Foy D. Kohler
State of Residency: Ohio
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Aug 20, 1962
Presentation of Credentials: Sep 27, 1962
Termination of Mission: Left post Nov 14, 1966
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Llewellyn E. Thompson
State of Residency: Colorado
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Oct 13, 1966
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 23, 1967
Termination of Mission: Left post Jan 14, 1969
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Jacob D. Beam
State of Residency: New Jersey
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 14, 1969
Presentation of Credentials: Apr 18, 1969
Termination of Mission: Left post Jan 24, 1973
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Note: Adolph Dubs served as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim, Jan 1973-Mar 1974.
Name: Walter J. Stoessel, Jr.
State of Residency: California
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Dec 19, 1973
Presentation of Credentials: Mar 4, 1974
Termination of Mission: Left post Sep 13, 1976
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Malcolm Toon
State of Residency: New York
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Nov 24, 1976
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 18, 1977
Termination of Mission: Left post Oct 16, 1979
Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jun 8, 1977. Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Thomas J. Watson, Jr.
State of Residency: Connecticut
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Oct 10, 1979
Presentation of Credentials: Oct 29, 1979
Termination of Mission: Left post Jan 15, 1981
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Arthur Adair Hartman
State of Residency: Maryland
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Sep 28, 1981
Presentation of Credentials: Oct 26, 1981
Termination of Mission: Left post Feb 20, 1987
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Jack F. Matlock, Jr.
State of Residency: Florida
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Mar 12, 1987
Presentation of Credentials: April 6, 1987
Termination of Mission: Left post Aug 11, 1991
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Name: Robert S. Strauss
State of Residency: Texas
Non-career appointee
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Aug 2, 1991
Presentation of Credentials: Aug 24, 1991
Termination of Mission: Left post Nov 19, 1992
Note: Commissioned to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Continued to serve as Ambassador to the Russian Federation after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Note: The United States recognized the Russian Federation as the successor to the Soviet Union on Dec 25, 1991, and established diplomatic relations with it on Jan 3, 1992.
Name: Thomas R. Pickering
State of Residency: New Jersey
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: May 12, 1993
Presentation of Credentials: May 21, 1993
Termination of Mission: Left post Nov 1, 1996
Note: The following officers served as Chargés d'Affaires ad interim: Richard M. Miles (Nov 1996-May 1997), and John F. Tefft (May 1997-Jan 1998).
Name: James Franklin Collins
State of Residency: Illinois
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Aug 1, 1996
Presentation of Credentials: Jan 26, 1998
Termination of Mission: Relinquished charge Jul 10, 2001
Name: Alexander P. Vershbow
State of Residency: District of Columbia
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Jul 12, 2001
Presentation of Credentials: Oct 17, 2001
Termination of Mission: Left post Jul 22, 2005
Name: William J. Burns
State of Residency: District of Columbia
Foreign Service officer
Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Appointment: Aug 2, 2005
Presentation of Credentials: Nov 8, 2005
Termination of Mission:
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