U.S. Department of State

2001:
Uganda, Senegal and Thailand had stabilized or reduced rates of new HIV infections.

2001:
0

Yearly targets will be developed by the Global AIDS Coordinator.

Treatment of HIV infected people.

Care for HIV infected people and AIDS orphans.

Provide services and support to women and their families.

2001:
The level of bilateral and multilateral collaboration on global health increased significantly; UN Special General Assembly Session on HIV/AIDS; negotiations completed for the Global Fund.

Database has not been established but a survey is evaluating country-level mechanisms.

Pledges have increased, with more-in-kind donations from both foundations and commercial enterprises.

NGO stakeholders and business are implementing a larger percentage of proposals.

2001:
The World Health Assembly (WHA) linked IHR revision process to global health security and bioterrorism.

Work continued on revising the WHO International Health Regulations with the target for adoption in 2005 of revised regulations.

Using lessons learned from SARS outbreak, increase surveillance and reporting on infectious disease outbreaks.

Revised IHR provide maximum security against international spread of disease, whether of natural or deliberate occurrence, with a minimum interference with world trade and travel. Countries are reporting outbreaks sooner and requesting international help, where necessary, to contain infectious disease outbreaks.

2001:
N/A

2001:
55%

2001:
U.S. and many other countries sign the Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Convention to address substances that pose a global environmental and health threat.

U.S. submits the POPs Convention to Congress for ratification. 30 other countries ratify the agreement.

2001:
2

2001:
Baseline:
The United States, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, and the United Kingdom form GHSAG for cooperative, international efforts to counter bioterrorism.

2001:
N/A

2001:
UN processes, including the Commission on Sustainable Development, the UNECE, and Ministers at the World Water Forum are focused on a negotiated outcome - not implementation.

U.S. continues to promote multi-stakeholder partnerships to advance international development. WSSD is the first UN conference to recognize partnerships as an official outcome.

Bilateral and regional meetings in key regions (Europe, Latin America) emphasize need for implementation, not new norm-setting. Europeans remain wedded to norm-setting approach in high-level multilateral meetings, although some begin supporting U.S.-led partnerships and OESI programs focusing on good domestic governance and implementation.

Capacity-building Institute at CSD 12 presents 8-12 classes, each with 10-20 issue experts and multi-stakeholder participants; CSD 12 Partnership Fair highlights 20 partnerships.

Key developing countries (e.g., Brazil, South Africa, India, Indonesia) support implementation and partnerships focused CSD reforms.

Within the Commission on Sustainable Development, activities are centered on the development and implementation of partnerships and capacity building of key sustainable development areas included in the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation and Agenda 21.

EU members advocate more strongly for U.S. supported positions on sustainable development.

2001:
U.S. and EU support Regional Environmental Centers in Eurasia to develop civil society organizations and enhance their engagement with governments.

Anti-corruption and Environmental Protection Initiative (AEPI) is launched, resulting in the development of projects to improve environmental rule of law and anti-corruption capacity in Mexico, Thailand, Uzbekistan and China.

International Network on Environmental Compliance and Enforcement (INECE), founded in 1989, launches efforts to promote regional sub networks in key regions.

EnviroLaw Conference in South Africa focused on importance of domestic good governance as a foundation for sustainable development.

First environmental crime course held at International Law Enforcement Academy (ILEA) in Budapest.

U.S. funds American Bar Association (ABA) Rule of Law program to engage government and civil society stakeholders in improving environmental law in China.

U.S.-Chile Free Trade and Environmental Cooperation Agreements include focus on capacity-building for environmental enforcement, compliance and public access to information.

U.S. funds efforts to promote public participation and access to information on environmental matters in Baltic states and Chile.

U.S. funds course for Southeast Asian representatives on enforcement of laws on trade in endangered species at International Law Enforcement Academy (ILEA) in Bangkok.

Bilateral and regional U.S. Free Trade Agreements and environmental cooperation arrangements with Central American, southern African and Middle Eastern countries commit these nations to effective enforcement of environmental laws, and to cooperation programs to improve domestic environmental governance capacity.

INECE promotes the development of national-level performance indicators to measure the success of environmental enforcement and compliance programs in Latin America, Africa and Eastern Europe.

2001:
The UN Fish Stocks Agreement (UNFSA) enters into force.
The Inter- American Sea Turtle Convention (IAC) enters into force.
The Indian Ocean Sea Turtle MOU becomes effective with 7 signatories.
Efforts to renegotiate the eastern Pacific tuna convention ongoing.
Efforts to negotiate an amendment to the U.S. albacore tuna treaty with Canada and to extend the 1988 agreement with Russia ongoing.
International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted changes to the International Convention on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), the Hazardous and Noxious Substances Protocol for the Oil Pollution Response Convention, and U.S. draft instrument to manage invasive species through ballast water controls as the base document for negotiations.

Southern Ocean Albatross and Petrel Agreement entered into force. Further progress was made toward establishing a regime to conserve and manage highly migratory fish stocks in the central/western Pacific.

Raised U.S. concerns with EU fisheries policies at a high level. Continued to work with EU counterparts as the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) was finalized.

U.S./Canada agree to amend albacore tuna treaty; agree to negotiate an agreement on Pacific whiting stocks.

U.S. and Taiwan sign MOU on fisheries issues.

The package of amendments to the U.S. - Canada Albacore Treaty is submitted to the Senate.

Renegotiation of the eastern Pacific tuna convention is concluded.

Extension of 1988 U.S.-Russia Agreement is submitted to Congress.

The Second Meeting of the Parties to the Inter-American Sea Turtle Convention is held; other States in the region become Parties.

First meeting of the signatories to the Indian Ocean MOU is held.

Three new marine species are listed on CITES.

UNFSA has 34 parties.

CITES rejected proposals to down list whale and other marine species and allow trade in whale products.

The SPAW Protocol was ratified.

U.S. -Canada agreement on Pacific whiting stocks concluded.

FAO holds policy level meeting on sea turtle conservation and fisheries bycatch reduction.

Institutional arrangements to implement the IAC are established; additional States become parties.

EU members become party to UNFSA; bringing total number to 50.

IWC adopts the revised management scheme.

U.S. -Russia agreements on science and enforcement are concluded.

IAC Parties adopt and implement regional sea turtle conservation measures.

Indian Ocean MOU implements regional sea turtle/habitat conservation programs and measures.

Canada hosts UNFSA implementation review meeting.

U.S. judge is elected to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea; U.S. begins implementation of the Law of the Sea, including a review of domestic and international policies and practice.

U.S. negotiates an oil spill response agreement with the U.K. on behalf of the British Virgin Islands.

2000:
N/A

2001:
FAO activities were often limited to pelagic fisheries which are limited by weak fisheries data collection and reporting.

The World Bank Fund for Sustainable Fisheries established with a donation from Japan.

Earth observation systems, GCOS (Climate), GTOS (Land) and GOOS (Ocean), are operated as independent Earth observation systems.

Issue of protected areas, terrestrial and marine, is placed on the agenda of several international fora.

Initiated interagency dialog regarding the White Water to Blue Water Initiative (WW2BW) designed to promote regional cooperation and strengthen developing country capacity to address land-based sources of marine pollution, promote sustainable fisheries, agricultural and forestry practices, challenges associated with tourism; and degradation of coastal areas

Funded Regional workshops held in support of the International Coral Reefs Initiative (ICRI).

The UN General Assembly and States Parties to the UNFSA agreed in principle to establish a voluntary trust fund to help developing states implement the UN Fish Stocks Agreement.

New FAO voluntary program to support responsible fisheries and aquaculture implemented in some developing countries.

FAO drafts strategy for improving data collection and reporting in fisheries.

U.S. holds successful Western Indian Ocean Fisheries Enforcement Workshop that increases capacity for fisheries enforcement and compliance monitoring.

U.S. contributions to the Inter-governmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) and other organizations enabled the international scientific community to discuss the production of an integrated and sustained earth observation system

WW2BW launch at the World Summit on Sustainable Development generates international interest in both this initiative and cross-sectoral approaches to integrated management of watersheds and marine ecosystems.

FAO adopts strategy for improving data collection and reporting in fisheries.

World Bank initiates projects with targeted sustainable fisheries components in developing countries.

The U.S. hosts ministerial-level Earth Observation Summit in July to promote the development and financial support of an integrated and sustained earth observation system.

Significant progress is made through DOS-led WWW2BW to energize partnerships to address integrated approaches to watershed and marine ecosystems management.

FAO begins work on its strategy for improving fisheries data collection and reporting, particularly in developing countries.

APEC holds workshop on economic sustainability of aquaculture.

FAO convenes international conference on fisheries enforcement with U.S. support.

Implementation plan for the Earth Observation System is completed and undergoing review by the participating countries

U.S. supports the Global Ocean Observation system of the IOC.

Secretariat for the Antarctic Treaty becomes operational.

USG hosts WW2BW Miami Partnership conference designed to generate 20 new public-private partnerships in the Wider Caribbean. USG funds WW2BW implementing projects on priority areas including coral reefs, fisheries management, land- and ship- based sources of pollution, improved regional cooperation between regional bodies, etc.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopts the ballast water convention, to manage the spread of invasive marine species.

Work begins in FAO and APEC on a mechanism to promote closer cooperation on aquaculture issues in the Americas.

Countries adopt the implementation plan created by the Earth Observation System ad-hoc working group.

Countries adopt the implementation plan for an integrated and sustained earth observation system as created by the ad-hoc working group.

With U.S. support and an expanded number of government and private partners, ICRI becomes more effective in conservation of the world's coral reefs as evidenced by establishment of additional national coral reef committees and new or expanded marine protected areas.

International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES) and the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) produce ecosystem status reports on the North Atlantic and North Pacific; data will be used to better manage marine resources in the two regions.

Conference convened in the Wider Caribbean to develop a regional protocol for the handling of cruise ship-based pollution.

1996 Protocol to the London Dumping Convention is ratified.

2001:
TFCA agreements concluded with El Salvador and Belize.
USG develops government and non-government partners for CBFP to be launched at WSSD to sustainably manage forests of the region.

Secretary Powell launches CBFP with 29 partners at WSSD. U.S. commits $50 million over 4 years.

WSSD reaffirms the importance of protected areas in sustainable development.

TFCA agreement concluded with Panama.

All FY03 CARPE funds committed to projects which implement the CBFP objectives. Development of proposed training approach and schedule developed. Training of senior forest officials carried out in U.S. New funds committed by other partners for 11 landscapes.

Federal Advisory Committee established at DOS; Studies begun on 2 major issues; Africa Forest Law Enforcement and Governance Ministerial held in Cameroon and commitment for action in the region agreed to.

CBD COP 7 adopts concrete recommendations to conserve biological diversity in protected areas.

The 6 CBFP regional partners agree to protect 11 areas of tropical forests for permanent management thorough national legislation.

PIAIL % generates political commitments from 4 countries, one per region, identified as strategic targets under this initiative

The CBD program of work and other fora develop plans for increased capacity building in developing countries on protected area designation and management.

2001:
New partnerships announced with Japan, the EU, Central American countries, and Italy to initiate the President's directive to engage internationally toward more effective global effort to address climate change.

Implementation of partnerships with Japan, the EU, Central American countries, Italy, and Australia.

Key working groups were established and specific projects and project-related activities agreed to and begun.

Launched new ministerial-level international initiatives on earth observation, carbon capture and storage, and the hydrogen economy.

For existing climate change partnerships, the Department meets timelines and deliverables established in previous years.

Review existing climate change partnerships, increase or adjust engagement where needed.

Implement international initiatives on earth observation, carbon capture and storage, and the hydrogen economy and build consensus on U.S. positions in support of U.S. energy and science policy objectives.

Continued implementation of U.S. initiatives on earth observation, carbon capture and storage, and the hydrogen economy.

2001:
Policy review was concluded of the S&T activities under the U.S.-Russia S&T agreement.

Renewed Ukraine S&T Agreement for 1 year to allow time to negotiate a new five-year agreement.

Conducted S&T assessments of Maghreb (Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia).

Initiated S&T dialogue with Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), Kazakhstan, Norway, and Switzerland.

Expanded S&T relationships under existing agreements with Italy, Japan, South Korea, and Vietnam by adding new topics and partnerships.

Achieved record levels for Embassy Science Fellows Program.

Agreements with several additional states stalled due to lengthy negotiation over IPR negotiations, liability, and taxation issues.

Implement new S&T partnerships with Pakistan, Bangladesh and the Philippines. S&T partnerships with India, Australia, Chile, Russia and Ukraine to be renewed. New S&T partnerships with Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, and Kazakhstan to be initiated.

Renew partnerships with Brazil, Argentina.

Significant implementation of new partnerships in North Africa and South Asia.

Significantly advance U.S. science agenda in international forums, such as UNESCO, OECD, APEC and G-8.

Streamline processes for negotiating S&T Agreements and subsidiary arrangements.

2001:
N/A

Implement approximately sixty percent of the activities agreed upon in the Regional Conference on Migration (RCM), and about half of the activities agreed upon in the Intergovernmental Consultations on Asylum, Refugees, and Migration (IGC), and the Western and Southern African dialogues.

FY 2003 was a successful year for the RCM. Made up of 11 member states in North and Central America and the Caribbean, the RCM tackled several important migration issues of regional concern, including migrant smuggling and trafficking in persons and the return of regional and extra-regional migrants. Member states formulated work plans, including training and project proposals, in the areas of consular protection and combating migrant smuggling and trafficking in persons. RCM member countries also agreed to include UNHCR protection modules in training courses to inform border guards how to help ensure protection of asylum seekers, even if they use fraudulent documents to seek such protection. To improve the treatment of returning migrants, member countries committed to create a framework for returns of nationals within the region, as well as a framework to address the return of extra-regional migrants.

Effective multilateral conservation and management of highly migratory and straddling fish stocks requires the participation and commitment of all major distant water fishing nations and coastal states active in the fishery. Multilateral management regimes that prevent or do not include such broad participation will be unable to promote long-term sustainable conservation and management of such fisheries because any measures adopted will not have the support or buy-in of all those that harvest the resource. Furthermore, those nations that are not party to such arrangements have no binding legal obligation to implement adopted conservation and management measures. With respect to highly migratory fisheries in the Pacific, the Department led a successful 3-year international effort to work with certain Asian distant water fishing nations, within the context of an adopted fisheries management agreement, to create the conditions under which these nations could re-engage in the process and ultimately be in a position to join the management arrangement.

President Bush announced his Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in January 2003. It will provide $15 billion, including nearly $10 billion in new funding, to fight the HIV/AIDS pandemic over the next five years, focusing on 14 of the hardest hit countries. The Emergency Plan pledges $1 billion to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM) over the next 5 years, increasing the total U.S. commitment to over $1.6 billion since the Fund's inception. The U.S. Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Act, authorizing the initiative, was passed in May 2003. Ambassador Randall Tobias was confirmed in October as Global AIDS Coordinator to administer the Emergency Plan.

• Data will be validated and verified by comparison with data supplied by international organizations, (including UNAIDS, UNFPA, and WHO), information supplied by the Global Fund, and information from other sources.

• The Department consult with USG agencies, foreign governments, the private sector, and NGOs to critique the effectiveness of its activities, provide relevant data, and assist in evaluating the extent to which U.S. objectives are being met. There will be formal, fully documented reviews of the China S&T agreement and the implementation of agreements conducted by UN agencies/ treaty Secretariats. In other cases, validation will occur in the context of ongoing formal and informal consultations.

• The Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM) manages the Department's participation in multilateral migration dialogues and tracks the implementation of follow-on activities.