United States Support for the United Nations Program of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects

UN Program of Action	U.S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA	U.S. Assistance and Programs Supportive of the UN POA	U.S. Global/Regional Activity Supportive of the UN POA
Section II, para 2 Section II, para 3 Domestic laws and procedures to control production, transfer of SA/LW Legislation to criminalize illicit SA/LW activities	U.S. law requires that anyone engaged in the business of dealing in, commercial manufacturing of, or importing firearms must be licensed under the Gun Control Act of 1968 (GCA). The GCA provides criminal and civil penalties for firearms violations, ranging from license revocation to fines and imprisonment for ten years.	Not applicable (N/A)	N/A
Section II, para 4 National coordinating agencies responsible for researching and monitoring illicit SA/LW trade	In the U.S. Government, responsibility for researching and monitoring illicit SA/LW trade is generally shared by the Department of Justice’s (DOJ) Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) (domestic), Department of State (DOS) (international), and the Department of Defense (DOD). ATF also regulates the interstate commerce of firearms through enforcement of the GCA and traces firearms for law enforcement though its National Tracing Center (NTC).	N/A	N/A
Section II, para 6 Identify groups and individuals associated with illicit SA/LW activities	U.S. law enforcement agencies maintain lists of organizations and individuals with prior convictions and/or those that are suspected of involvement in illicit firearms possession, production, or transportation. With the adoption of the Brady Law, firearm dealers are now required to conduct background checks on potential buyers through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) operated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).	Through diplomatic channels, the U.S. regularly works with foreign governments to identify and prevent illicit and/or potential destabilizing transfers of arms. The NTC traces firearms for U.S. and foreign law enforcement agencies that are of U.S. origin and have been used in or suspected to have been used in criminal activities. ATF also assists law enforcement agencies in recovering obliterated or altered serial numbers.	Upon request and within the constraints of U.S. law, the U.S. shares information on such groups or individuals with Interpol and individual governments.
Section II, para 7, 8 Section III, para 12 Marking of all SA/LW at time of manufacture; Measures to prevent manufacture, transfer, possession of unmarked SA/LW Exchange on marking practices	All licensed importers and manufacturers are required to mark each firearm manufactured or imported into the United States with the serial number, make, model, and caliber or gauge of the firearm, as well as the name, city, and state or foreign country of the manufacturer, and if imported, the city and state of the importer. Confiscated firearms retained for official use are marked if not already marked. Since the 2001 UN Conference on SA/LW, ATF has established specific height and depth marking requirements for licensees who import or manufacture firearms.	ATF offers a Basic Firearms Identification Course for international law enforcement professionals, which provides training on marking techniques and firearms identification. U.S. has provided a report on national firearms marking practices to the OSCE.	ATF has provided an expert to the UN Panel of Experts considering an international instrument on SA/LW marking and tracing. ATF provides technical, legal, and programmatic information on currently accepted U.S. best practices for marking and tracing in numerous international for a
Section II, para 9 "Record keeping" on manufacture, holding, and transfer	Commercial manufacturers are required to maintain permanent records of the manufacture and other acquisition of firearms. Licensed importers of all defense articles must maintain records for 6 years and exporters of defense articles for 5 years. Certain firearms (e.g. machine guns) must be registered under the National Firearms Act. All licensed dealers must maintain Firearms Transaction Records of all sales and transfers (Form 4473) of firearms for not less than 20 years. When/if dealers go out of business, they are required to submit these records to ATF for permanent retention.	N/A	N/A
Section II, para 10 Responsibility for national holdings and traceability of arms	DOD has a central register administered by the U.S. Army Logistical Support Activity (LOGSA), which is responsible for the serialization and accountability of all DOD SA/LW.	Between 1994-2001, ATF responded to over 50,000 requests from foreign governments for assistance in tracing illegal firearms. DOJ participates in a biannual Senior Law Enforcement Plenary meeting with counterparts in Mexico, and the annual U.S.-Canada Cross-border Crime Forum to address cross-border firearms trafficking and other bilateral issues.	N/A
Section II, para 11 Export and import licensing	ATF has authority over the permanent importation of firearms to the U.S. With very few exceptions, firearms must be imported by an importer licensed by the ATF. The Arms Export Control Act (AECA) establishes procedures for both government-to-government and commercial sales of items included on the United States Munitions List (USML). The DOS Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) is charged with controlling the export and temporary import of defense articles covered by the USML, and with taking final action on license applications for defense trade exports and matters related to defense trade compliance, enforcement, and reporting. All exporters must be registered and each transaction licensed by DDTC.	The DOS’s Bureau of Nonproliferation (NP) coordinates U.S. export control assistance for over 30 countries under the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) Program. The U.S. also provides specialized licensing workshops and law enforcement training, such as customs inspection and maritime interdiction, through the EXBS Program.	Through the DOS’s Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) and Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (PM), the U.S. supports the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) in combating illicit arms trafficking in the Western Hemisphere and promoting compliance with the Inter-American Firearms Convention (CIFTA) through the funding of training programs.
Section II, para 12 End-user certification, legal and enforcement measures	The U.S. monitors arms transfers, investigates suspicious activity and acts quickly to curtail exports to those recipients who do not meet the strict criteria for responsible use. A sample U.S. end-use certificate (DSP-83) can be found at http://www.pmdtc.org/getforms.htm. Through the “Blue Lantern” Program, the DOS and U.S. Customs authorities conduct end-user and pre-license checks on commercial SA/LW transfers. Such inquiries range from interviews to physical inspections. Over 4,500 such checks have been performed since the inception of this program in 1990. The “Golden Sentry” program, administered by the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), performs similar checks on military-to-military arms transfers. For man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS), the U.S. conducts annual on-site inventories of U.S. origin items exported to foreign end-users.	U.S. experts provide briefings and presentations to foreign government officials and international export control conferences (e.g., 4^th Annual Internatioanl Conference on Export Controls held in Warsaw, Poland, October 2002) on developing and implementing end-use monitoring mechanisms	N/A
Section II, para 13 Re-export authority	All U.S. defense exports are subject to retransfer approval. In the case of commercial sales, the license must indicate the ultimate end-use country.	N/A	N/A
Section II, para 14 Regulation of arms brokers, legal and enforcement tools	By law, all U.S. manufacturers, exporters, and brokers of commodities covered by the USML must register with DDTC and submit each transaction for government licensing approval. All U.S. citizens overseas or in the United States, and foreign nationals subject to U.S. jurisdiction are subject to the U.S. brokering law. A list of individuals and entities debarred from obtaining arms export or brokering licenses in the U.S. can be found at http://pmdtc.org/debar059intro.htm	Currently, the U.S. cooperates on export control assistance with over 30 countries, including developing arms brokering laws and regulations, and enforcement tools.	In June 2002, the U.S. sponsored an OAS General Assembly resolution calling for the development of model brokering regulations and the preparation of a study on arms brokering. The U.S. participated in the April 2003 CICAD Firearms Experts Group to draft model brokering regulations. The U.S. also participated in the Wassenaar study on brokering, and the 2000 UN Group of Governmental Experts Panel on Brokering.
Section II, para 15, 32 Enforcement of UNSC embargoes; penalties for violation	The U.S. enforces UNSC embargoes and levies criminal penalties for violations. The USG also supports diamond certification to end trade in “conflict diamonds” initiated by the Kimberly Process and supported by UN Resolutions. U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) offers support in the development of national diamond certification regimes in diamond producing countries in Africa. The U.S. also imposes unilateral sanctions on countries that have been identified as state-sponsors of terrorism, or where arms transfers may contribute to internal or external conflict. A list of U.S. embargoed countries can be found at http://pmdtc.org/country.htm	See related sections on law enforcement and export control training.	In December 2000, the U.S. and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) completed the U.S. –SADC Declaration on UN Sanctions and Restraint in Sale and Transfers of Conventional Arms to Regions of Conflict in Africa.
Section II, para 16, 19 Section III, para 14 Destruction of surplus, confiscated, seized, collected SA/LW	DOD destroys military weapons which are no longer useful, serviceable, or economically repairable as part of its stockpile management life-cycle program. The most thorough method of demilitarization for SA/LW is melting. The smelting facilities at the U.S. Army’s Rock Island Arsenal are the main demilitarization facility for DOD assets, though others are used as well. Torch cutting, shearing, crushing, deep water dumping or melting may be used when they are deemed more cost effective and/or practicable and are authorized by the appropriate authority. The DOD Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office (DRMO) accounts for destroyed SA/LW through an electronic database. Firearms seized by the Federal government are destroyed (generally by melting) or retained for official use. Firearms seized in crimes by State or local governments may be destroyed or securely stored pending legal action.	DOS PM provides technical and financial assistance in the destruction of surplus and illicit stocks of SA/LW. Since 2001, the U.S. has spent $5 million to destroy 414,291 weapons and over 44 million rounds of associated ammunition under this program in Albania, Angola, Bulgaria, Serbia & Montenegro, Guinea, Lesotho, Mozambique, the Philippines, Romania, and Senegal. New projects are underway and/or under negotiation.	The U.S. co-drafted, with Canada and the Netherlands, a “Best Practices” Guide on SA/LW destruction for the OSCE. Under a mandate from the OAS Summit of the Americas, the U.S. hosted an Experts Meeting on Confidence and Security Building Measures in February 2003 which issued a final declaration calling on members states to “identify and secure excess stocks of SA/LW, as well as seized SA/LW, and, in accordance with their national laws and the international agreements to which they are a party, to define programs for the destruction of said weapons and to invite international representatives to observe their destruction.”
Section II, para 17, 29 Management and security of national stockpiles	Stockpile management is carried out through a DOD Small Arms Serialization Program (SASP) run by the Defense Logistic Agency (DLA). The SASP is responsible for the control of, and accounting for, small arms’ serial numbers from initial receipt to final disposition. All small arms are individually registered by serial number in the DOD Central Registry. Component units of the U.S. armed forces maintain individual registries and provide reports on holdings to the DOD Central Registry on a monthly basis. Small arms with missing, obliterated, mutilated or illegible serial numbers are assigned a serial number for registry purposes. This system allows accounting for all small arms, including those on hand, in transit, lost, stolen, demilitarized or shipped outside the control of DOD. Stockpile security measures include electronic security systems, integration of physical security in wartime and demobilization plans, creating and sustaining physical security awareness, and identifying resources and requirements to apply adequate measures. Physical security measures include security forces, military working dogs, physical barriers, secure locking systems, intrusion detection systems, badging systems, etc.	DOS/PM and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) provide stockpile management and physical security briefings to interested governments. Assessment teams of U.S. experts provide on-site assessments of facilities where national SA/LW holdings are stored and briefings on best practices. Physical security and stockpile management briefings have recently been provided to Ecuador, and are currently planned for El Salvador in August 2003.	U.S. sponsored OAS Resolution 1888 encouraging member states to “secure the stockpiles of weapons under their control.” U.S. experts have provided presentations on U.S. stockpile management and physical security practices and assistance programs to the UN, OSCE, Stability Pact, NATO/EAPC, OAS, and other multilateral organizations.
Section II, para 18 Regular review of States’ stocks, identification of surplus, safe storage, disposal/destruction	DOD oversees the management and security of national military weapons stockpiles as outlined above. In addition, annual reconciliation of all small arms in the registry is performed.	The U.S. assists countries in the destruction of excess and illicit SA/LW stocks, and can provide assessments and training related to stockpile management and physical security of national holdings (see previous).	N/A
Section II, para 20, 40, and 41 Education and public awareness programs on illicit trade in SA/LW; encourage role of civil society	The U.S. has long supported confidence-building efforts to constrain the demand for destabilizing weapons and related technology.	USAID has supported public awareness campaigns, in cooperation with local NGOs, to encourage local disarmament programs in Montenegro.	The U.S. supports and participates in the annual OSCE SA/LW information exchange, as well as other transparency mechanisms. The U.S. also meets and consults regularly with NGOs in order to raise public awareness and encourage the role of civil society in curbing illicit SA/LW proliferation.
Section II, para 21, 30, 34 ; Section III, para 16 Support effective DD&R, including collection, storage, destruction of SA/LW; Int'l assistance for the same	N/A	The U.S. has provided support for Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DD&R) in Afghanistan, Angola, Colombia (for child soldiers), East Timor, Guatemala, Haiti, Kosovo, Liberia, , East Timor, Macedonia, the Philippines, and Sierra Leone. U.S. armed forces have regularly participated in international efforts to collect and destroy weapons in post-conflict environments, such as during SFOR and KFOR operations in the Balkans, and in Afghanistan and Iraq.	N/A
Section II, para 22 Special needs of children in armed conflict, rehabilitation, and reintegration	N/A	Under USAID’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund (DCOF), the U.S. offers major support for documentation, tracing, reunification and other psychosocial interventions on behalf of war affected children in Angola, DR/Congo, RO/Congo, Ethiopia, Kosovo, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka and Uganda. The International Disability and Victims of Landmines, Civil Strife and Warfare Assistance Act of 2002 authorizes wide-ranging assistance to victims of civil strife and war in foreign countries.	N/A
Section II, para 23 Voluntary submissions on destruction, illicit trade; transparency in laws and regulations	U.S. laws and regulations on import, export, manufacture, brokering, and marking of SA/LW are available on the Internet (www.pmdtc.org & www.atf.treas.gov).	N/A	The U.S. has provided information on U.S. laws and regulations regarding import, export, and manufacture of SA/LW, as well as information on the destruction of excess SA/LW to the UN, OSCE, other international and regional organizations, and NGOs. A list of U.S. debarred (prohibited from obtaining export licenses) individuals and entities is available at http://pmdtc.org/debar059.htm
Section II, para 24 Designation of regional and sub-regional POC on POA Implementation	For the USG: Mr. C. Edward Peartree Senior Policy Officer (SA/LW) U.S. Department of State Bureau of Political-Military Affairs Office of Policy, Plans & Analysis PM/PPA Room 5827 2201 C Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20520 E-Mail: Peartreece@T.state.gov	N/A	N/A
Section II, para 25, 26 Encourage, where appropriate, negotiation or strengthening of regional instruments to combat illicit trade	N/A	Through the International Law Enforcement Academies (ILEAs) in Bangkok, Budapest, and Gaborone, the U.S. assists countries and regions to improve their institutional capacity to deter weapons trafficking through more effective enforcement mechanisms. Through the EXBS Program, the USG works to improve export/border controls to detect and interdict illicit transfers of controlled items, including current negotiation of a Regional Transit Agreement among countries of the Caucasus and Central Asia.	The U.S. supports CIFTA, the ECOWAS Moratorium, and other regional initiatives. In December 2000, the U.S. and SADC completed the U.S.-SADC Declaration on UN Sanctions and Restraint in Sale and Transfer of Conventional Arms to Regions of Conflict in Africa.
Section II, para 27,28 Law enforcement cooperation, information sharing, implementing existing laws by region	ATF Country Offices in Mexico, Colombia, and Canada facilitate information sharing, technical assistance and training with host government law enforcement agencies. U.S. federal law enforcement agencies regularly cooperate with foreign governments on transnational criminal investigations. U.S. Customs representatives at U.S. embassies overseas play a significant role in customs and border security related law enforcement assistance, training and national assistance. U.S. Regional Legal Advisors (RLAs) work with foreign prosecutors, legislators and judges to improve criminal legislation, codes and regulations.	Law enforcement and police training programs offered by the U.S. are extensive. In addition to DOJ, Customs and ATF training, the International Criminal Investigative Training Assistance Program (ICITAP) and the Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development (OPDAT) provide law enforcement training and technical assistance to countries of Eastern and Central Europe, former Soviet Union, Latin America, Africa, and Asia.	The U.S. cooperates extensively with foreign law enforcement agencies as well as with Interpol and the World Customs Organization (WCO). The U.S. supports CICAD in strengthening controls over the arms trade in the OAS region. DOS, DOD, and ATF provide technical, legal, and programmatic advice on currently accepted U.S. best practices and cooperate with multilateral organizations such as the G-8, OSCE, and OAS.
Section II, para 31 Encourage regional transparency	N/A	N/A	The U.S. supports transparency instruments such as the UN Register of Conventional Arms, OSCE SA/LW information exchange, the Wassenaar Arrangement, and efforts undertaken within the OAS.
Section II, para 33 Provide voluntary reports to UN DDA on progress on implementing the POA	The U.S. provides voluntary reports to UN DDA per UNGA resolution 56/24V.	N/A	N/A
Section II, para 35 Encourage UNSC, where applicable, to include DDR for peace operations	N/A	N/A	The U.S. supported and joined consensus on Guinea’s March 2003 UNSC Presidential Statement recognizing the importance of DDR activities in post-conflict situations.
Section II, para 36 Strengthen the ability of states to identify and trace illicit SA/LW	The NTC assists law enforcement agencies worldwide to trace U.S.-origin firearms which have been used in crimes.	Through ILEA’s and other training courses, assistance is offered on classification, ballistics, and tracing of seized weapons. INL has implemented three iterations of a course designed to identify illicit small arms trafficking and strengthen interdiction skills. The first three courses were Nigerian-only participants; a planned fourth and final course will include law enforcement personnel from neighboring ECOWAS countries. Possible countries to be invited include Benin, Togo, Niger, Ghana, and possibly (from non-ECOWAS member states) Chad and Cameroon. INL has funded (in 2000) a joint U.S. Customs and ATF program to assist ECOWAS member states Ghana, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone to identify illicit trafficking of SA/LW. In 2003, firearms identification courses were taught in Jamaica, and ballistics courses in Mexico.	ATF has provided an expert to the UN Panel of Experts considering an international instrument on SA/LW tracing.
Section II, para 37 Cooperation with Interpol and WCO to identify and prosecute illicit traffickers	The Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services (formerly the INS) has law enforcement officers stationed abroad who cooperate with host government authorities and Interpol. The FBI has a similar arrangement, as do U.S. Customs authorities. ATF attaches stationed in Canada, Mexico and Colombia provide technical and liaison assistance in firearms trafficking efforts.	N/A	The U.S. cooperates extensively and shares information with Interpol and the WCO, including in international arms trafficking investigations.
Section II, para 38 Encourage states to ratify int'l legal instruments on terror and global crime	The U.S. has put into effect Executive Orders against those linked to terrorist activities, has enacted the U.S. Patriot Act, created a Foreign Terrorist Tracking Task Force, and many other initiatives to fight international terrorism.	N/A	The U.S. strongly supports UNSC 1373, has signed the UN Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime, the UN Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, the UN Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings, and the Inter-American Convention Against Terrorism. The U.S. also supports the Egmont Group (financial intelligence sharing), OAU, ASEAN, EU, APEC, OSCE and other multilateral initiatives against terror and global crime.
Section II, para 39 Develop common understanding on illicit brokering and work to combat the same	The U.S. has brokering regulations in effect and encourages the adoption of effective brokering laws and regulations by other states.	The EXBS program provides assistance in developing effective arms brokering laws and regulations, and enforcement mechanisms.	The U.S. actively participated in the April 2003 CICAD Firearms Experts Group drafting of model arms brokering regulations for adoption by countries of the Western Hemisphere. The U.S. also participated in the April 2003 Norway-Netherlands conference on SA/LW brokering in Oslo, as well as ongoing Wassenaar efforts on brokering. A U.S. expert also served on the 2000 UN Group of Governmental Experts Panel on Brokering.
Section III, para 1-3, 6 Promote international coordination/cooperation, technical and financial assistance in implementing POA	Development of matrix of U.S. and international measures.	See throughout this matrix. The U.S. strongly advocates for coordination and cooperation to most effectively utilize donor resources available to implement the POA.	The U.S. participated in the informal consultations held by UN DDA on creating a coordination mechanism for international efforts on SA/LW.
Section III, para 7 Information exchange among experts	N/A	Various. See throughout this matrix.	Various. They include expert groups, meetings, conferences, bilateral, NGO meetings, regional seminars, experts studies, etc.
Section III, para 8 Regional and int'l programs for training in stockpile management and security	N/A	Reference previous comment on Section II, para 17, 29. The U.S. currently offers a pilot training program in stockpile management and security.	The U.S. has participated in the Swiss-OSCE workshops on stockpile management.
Section III, para 9 Support for Interpol International Weapons and Explosives Tracking System (IWETS) database	N/A	The U.S., through INL, has contributed $125,000 to the development of the Interpol IWETS database. ATF has provided technical assistance in expanding the use of IWETS to fight weapons and explosives trafficking.	The U.S. shares information on a bilateral basis and with Interpol.
Section III, para 10, 11 Develop technologies, cooperate on tracing illicit weapons	DOS, DOD, and U.S. Customs authorities exchange information and work to increase international cooperation in controlling the export of U.S.-origin munitions. The ATF provides technical advice and legal assistance in implementing integrated ballistic imaging systems, national and regional tracing centers.	The NTC assists countries in tracing U.S.-origin arms used in criminal activities. Between 1994 and 2000, approximately 50,000 such traces were conducted on behalf of foreign governments. Courses are also offered at the ILEAs on identification and tracing of weapons.	Within the G-8 Counter-Terrorism Experts Group and the Lyon Group, the U.S. has sought to advance cooperation in illicit arms tracing among G-8 countries.
Section III, para 13 Mutual legal assistance in investigations of illicit trade in SA/LW	Under Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs) the U.S. cooperates bilaterally as well as with Interpol in investigations.	ATF provides investigative assistance on international trafficking cases involving U.S.-source firearms, including those relating to drug trafficking, terrorism, and organized crime.	N/A
Section III, para 15 Assistance to combat illicit trade related to drugs, crime and terror	ATF provides investigative assistance on international trafficking cases involving U.S. source firearms, including those relating to drug trafficking, terrorism, and organized crime.	U.S. counter-narcotics and counter-terrorism training and assistance programs are extensive. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and other law enforcement agencies provide training and support to drug-producing and transiting countries worldwide. The U.S. has stepped up bilateral information exchanges through law enforcement and intelligence channels. It is seeking to improve international sanctions, anti-money laundering coordination, as well as other initiatives in the fight against terrorism.	N/A
Section III, para 17 Address development concerns as they relate to SA/LW proliferation	The U.S. is working to integrate SA/LW destruction with DD&R programs where appropriate (e.g., Angola). USAID programs also seek to address links between development and SA/LW proliferation.	As the lead U.S. agency providing development assistance overseas, USAID works closely with host governments and local communities to identify priorities for assistance programs.	N/A
Section IV, para 1 Review conference by 2006; biennial meetings on implementation of POA; UN study on tracing; further steps to combat illicit brokering	N/A	N/A	A U.S. expert participated in the UN Group of Governmental Experts on Tracing and Marking; U.S. is participating in ongoing international and regional work on arms brokering (see Section II, para 39).

AECA	Arms Export Control Act
ATF	Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms
CICAD	Inter-American Drug Control Commission
CIFTA	Inter-American Convention Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, and Other Related Materials
DDTC	Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DOS)
DEA	Drug Enforcement Agency
DOD	Department of Defense
DOJ	Department of Justice
DOS	Department of State
DTRA	Defense Threat Reduction Agency
EXBS	Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance
FBI	Federal Bureau of Investigation
GCA	Gun Control Act of 1968
ILEA	International Law Enforcement Academy
INL	Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (DOS)
INS	Immigration and Naturalization Service
ITAR	International Traffic in Arms Regulations
LOGSA	Logistical Support Agency (U.S. Army)
NP	Bureau of Nonproliferation (DOS)
OAS	Organization of American States
OSCE	Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
PM	Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (DOS)
RLA	Regional Legal Advisors
SASP	Small Arms Serialization Program (DOD)
UN DDA	United Nations Department for Disarmament Affairs
UNGA	United Nations General Assembly
UN POA	United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects
USAID	U.S. Agency for International Development
USML	U.S. Munitions List
WCO	World Customs Organization