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FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES 1964-1968 Volume XV Germany and Berlin DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington, DC Book Index L-Q

Lahr, Rolf, 486, 589, 639
Lahusen, Carl, 737
Laloy, Jean, 234, 239, 242
Landfair, William E., 672n
Laos, 241, 719
Latin America, 21, 28, 80, 236, 239, 374, 729
Lebanon, 241
Lebel, Claude, 225, 326
Lebensraum, 395
Leber (FRG), 550, 671, 753
Leddy, John M., 497n, 606n, 642n, 652n, 672n, 761n, 770n

Berlin access restrictions, 691-693, 701, 705-708
Czechoslovakia, 738
Eastern Europe, 284, 288-289, 591
French-FRG relations, 292
Kennedy Round, 350
Military offset payments, 377, 420
Nonproliferation treaty, 746
NATO, 284
Reunification of Germany, 283, 327, 333, 340
Troop level reductions, 576
U.S.-FRG relations, 569, 573, 658
Vietnam conflict, 345

Lejins, Nora M., 105, 111, 115, 126
Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman L., 160, 305, 776
Lend-lease ships, 756
Less-developed countries (LDCs):

Capital transfers, 51
FRG economic aid to, 46, 51, 80, 96, 100, 353-354, 571
GDR initiatives in, 31

Leusse de Syon, Bruno de, 225, 249
Life, 285
Lilienfeld, Georg von:

Berlin, 620, 684
Brandt-Rusk talks, 89
Eastern Europe, 284
Kennedy Round, 350
NATO, 284
Reunification of Germany, 59, 65, 70-71, 82, 172, 191, 355
U.S.-FRG relations, 442-443, 569, 573, 735
Vietnam conflict, 345

Lippmann, Walter, 103
Lisle, Raymond E., 496
Loch, Theo, 240
Lodge, Henry Cabot:

Appointment as ambassador, 669n
Berlin access restrictions, 678-682, 686-688, 696-699, 701, 773
Czechoslovakia, 733-736, 743-746, 750-752, 767
U.S.-FRG relations, 718-720
Spanish bases, 766
U.S. policy toward the FRG, 750-752

Long, Russell, 398-404
Lucet, Charles, 82, 85-86, 225, 257, 267
Luebke, Heinrich, 203, 264, 275, 366-367
Lufthansa, 298
Luxembourg, 352, 735

Macmillan, Harold, 406
Maitland, Patrick, 708
Majonica, Ernst, 78
Malaysia, 79, 374
Malenkov, Georgi M., 227
Malik, Yakob A., 682
Malin, Herbert S., 741n
Malinovsky (USSR), 84
Manescu, Corneliu, 489, 566
Manila Conference, Oct. 1966, 439
Mann, Thomas C., 350
Manning, Robert J., 108
Mansfield, Michael J., 6, 403

Troop level reductions, 398, 400-401, 409, 477, 520-521, 523, 572, 723, 765, 775

Mansholt, Sicco L., 325
Mansholt Plan, 48
Mantelgesetz procedures, 165
Marks, Leonard H., 651
Marshall, George, 149
Marshall, John, 705, 711
Marshall Plan, 13, 159, 368
Marx, Werner, 440
McCafferty, Arthur, 39n
McCarthy, Eugene J., 103
McCloy, John J.:

Adenauer's Gaullist views, 170
Berlin, 298-299
Disarmament, 344
Foreign policy of the FRG, 473-478
U.S.-FRG relations, 93, 501n, 518, 647
Military offset payments, 419, 429
Troop level reductions, 399, 776

McGhee, George C., 1n, 30n, 368n, 392n, 477n, 527n

Adenauer's Gaullist views, 169-171
Berlin:

Access restrictions, 658-660, 664, 669-670, 673-674, 691-692
Bundestag voting rights for deputies from, 451-455, 458-461
Civil unrest in, 586
Demonstrator train passage from, 671
Incidents of harassment in, 299-301, 309-310
Morale in, 550-551
Soviet position, 624-625
Viability commission, 586

PRC-FRG relations, 119
East Berlin, 160-162, 219-220
Eastern Europe, 190, 216-217, 284, 325, 380, 394-396, 501-503, 549-550, 582, 589-591, 606-607
East-West relations, 565, 609-610, 657-658
EEC, 639-641
Elections in the FRG, 323
European security, 584-585
French-FRG relations, 292, 475, 631
French-U.S. relations, 481-482
FRG defense budget levels, 553-554
International liquidity, 509-511, 540-542
Kennedy Round, 324-325, 350
Loan prepayments by the FRG, 367
Military offset payments, 366, 370-372, 377-378, 393, 413-414, 417420, 429, 484-487, 626-627, 677
Multilateral Force, 52, 189-190, 213, 231, 324, 378
NATO, 379-380
Nonproliferation treaty, 479-480, 483, 485, 491-493, 585, 616-617, 677
Nuclear defense, 423, 426
Pass arrangements for West Berliners, 22-23
Polish-FRG relations, 462-465
Political situation in the FRG, 406-407, 446-449, 551-552
Reunification of Germany, 86-87, 105-107, 139, 188-189, 191, 197-201, 261-263, 306-308, 327

Draft initiative by the FRG, 8-13, 18n, 45, 65, 133
Four-Power Council on, 208-209, 214-216
U.S.-FRG disagreements over, 204-207, 209-210
U.S.-FRG talks on, 172, 193, 283
U.S. position, 210-212, 380

Soviet bloc policy of the FRG, 627-628
Soviet downing of U.S. aircraft, 40
Soviet-GDR friendship treaty, 108, 121, 126
Soviet-FRG relations, 142-144, 146-147, 550, 591-592
Troop level reductions, 75, 378, 399, 405-406, 450n, 552n, 576, 677
Vietnam conflict, 145, 345, 369, 642
U.S.-FRG relations, 27, 29, 43-44, 187, 214, 272-276, 471-472, 514, 516, 518

Calm period in, 581-582, 587
Confidentiality in, 368
Final report on, 675-677
FRG sensitivity over U.S. pressure, 100-102, 487-488
Kiesinger visit, 499-501, 569, 573
Need for improvements, 493-497
Rumors, effect of, 645-649, 654-655
U.S. investment, 583
Washington Post article on, 129-130

McIntyre, Stuart H., 45n, 95n, 253, 255, 258, 260n, 267
McKee, Gen. William F., 39
McKillop, David H., 225
McNamara, Robert S., 95n, 104n, 349n

ABM deployment, 587
Atlantic nuclear defense policy, 330-331
Berlin, 247n, 248, 298n, 310
Czech invasion, 777
East Berlin, 161, 309
European security, 427
French-U.S. relations, 203
FRG defense budget levels, 383-384, 577
Helicopter flights over East Berlin, 219
Military offset payments, 114, 124, 367, 371-372, 388, 413-416, 420-421

Renegotiation of agreement on, 428-430, 433-436
Von Hassel-McNamara talks on, 29, 81, 353, 377

NATO, 498, 576-577
Soviet downing of U.S. aircraft, 16
Troop level reductions, 378, 399-402, 404, 519-520, 521, 528-529, 563, 576
U.S.-FRG relations, 93, 103, 234, 373, 520, 560, 573, 578
Vietnam conflict, 87, 94, 96, 113, 124-125, 343, 345-346

McNamara Committee, 378, 384-385, 476, 635
McNaughton, John T., 309, 345, 420
Mediterranean Sea, 764, 768, 775
Mende, Erich, 201, 301, 304, 411-412, 451
Mendelevich, Lev I., 682
Merker, Paul, 280
Messmer, Pierre, 203, 385, 629
Mexico, 21, 232
Meyer, Andre, 257
Middle East (see also Arab-Israeli conflict; Arab states), 236, 239, 241, 273n, 548, 557, 562, 565, 570, 578, 764, 703, 704, 740
Military offset payments:

British position, 114, 384, 484, 615
Budgetary considerations in the FRG, 424, 632, 745
French position, 388
FRG position, 81, 114-115, 124, 353, 376, 408, 478, 531-532, 619, 769-770

U.S. response to, 417-420, 428-429, 485

FRG contributions to Vietnam, linkage with, 369-372
Long-term solution for, 655-656
Passenger aircraft, purchase of, 416
Public discussion of, 369
Tripartite talks on, 393, 416, 424-425, 429, 506, 511-512
U.S.-FRG talks on, 348-349, 366, 424-426, 626-627, 632-634

Confidentiality requests by the FRG, 368-369, 371, 374
Developmental aid, 366
Fall of Erhard government, effect on, 448-449
Military equipment purchases, 353, 367, 384
Prepayment of loans, 367-368
Renegotiation of agreement on, 428-430, 433-436, 765
U.S. planning for, 377-378, 562, 675

U.S. position, 29, 100, 114, 232, 386-389, 392-393, 413-416, 420-422, 667, 677
Von Hassel-McNamara talks on, 29, 81, 353, 377
Wheat shipments to India as part of, 486-487

Military-Sponsored Air Service (MSAS), 755
Miller, Irwin, 271n
Miller Committee, 271
Mittag, Guenter, 281
Modern Air Transport, 753
Moffat, Jay P., 741n
Mondello, Marion, 240
Mongolia, 603
Monnet, Jean, 201, 475, 519
Monnet Committee, 153
Morgenthau Plan, 532
Morizet (France), 255
Moro, Aldo, 532, 535
Morocco, 566
Morris, Kenneth J., 651
Moyers, Bill, 330n
Mueller-Roschach, 234, 238
Mulley, Frederick William, 612
Multilateral Force:

Berlin position, 94
British-FRG talks on, 202, 231
British position, 190, 203, 243-244
French-FRG conflict over242, , 243
French position, 145-146, 181, 189-190, 293
FRG position, 44, 52, 104, 112, 189, 192, 201-204, 207, 242, 324, 407-408
Italian position, 224, 243-244
Soviet position, 61, 177, 201
U.S. position, 114, 139, 189, 190, 202, 213, 223, 233, 236, 243, 378-379

Munich Agreement, 1938, 110, 148, 151, 380, 489, 572, 613
Munich Conference, 519
Muskie, Edmund, 403

Nasser, Gamal Abdul, 53-54, 113
National Intelligence Estimates, 9

NIE 23-65, 251-252
NIE 23-67, 506-507

National Security Action Memoranda:

No. 109, 752
No. 322, 189, 201, 213

National Security Council Meeting No. 586, 662n, 674-675
Netherlands (see also Netherlands subheadings under other subjects), 238, 735, 747
Neues Deutschland, 549
Neutrality of Germany, 36, 85, 582
Neuwir (FRG), 149
New York Times, 123, 399n, 400, 479, 520, 735
New Zealand, 115-116
News leaks, 506
Nguyen Cao Ky, 655
Nguyen Khanh, Gen., 28
Nicholls, Jack, 234, 237, 241, 243
Niekisch, 551
Nitze, Paul, 721, 723-727
Nixon, Richard M., 115, 763, 777
Nonproliferation treaty:

Article I, 616-617
Article II, 616-617
Article III, 594, 587, 616, 617
Belgian position, 586
Berlin access restrictions, effect on, 694
Bundestag discussion, 521
French position, 586, 616, 629, 634, 640-641
GDR role in, 664
FRG draft, 616
FRG position, 532, 585-587, 593-594, 616-617, 677, 683, 694

CDU/CSU position paper, 440-441
Internal political disagreements, 410, 491-493, 618, 620, 622-623, 731-732
Nuclear protection, assurance of, 480
U.S. view of, 439, 483, 485, 494, 502, 507, 581-582, 666

Italian position, 485
Japanese position, 587
NATO action on, 542-543
Negotiation of changes in, 535
Polish-FRG relations, 463
Soviet position, 424, 450, 677, 681, 712, 732
Soviet-U.S. talks on, 746-747
Swedish draft, 616, 629
U.S.-FRG consultation on, 508, 537, 570, 633-637
U.S. position, 378-379, 449, 475-476, 479, 495, 497-498, 519, 573-574

Non-use of force agreements, 467, 475, 547, 556, 592, 607, 613-615
North Atlantic Treaty, 751
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO):

Algeria, 543
Athens guidelines on consultation on nuclear weapons, 736
Belgian role in, 769
Berlin access restrictions, 660, 664, 685, 688, 715, 717
British position, 766, 769
Canadian role in, 769
Capability of, 725, 729
Crisis consultation, 543-544
Cyprus conflict, 79, 127
Czech crisis, 739-743, 751
Danish position, 765-766
Declaration proposal, 63
Defense reviews, 577
Détente and, 620
Dismantling of, 572, 582, 599
Evolution of, 558
Extension of, 578, 764-765
Fallex exercise, 170
Force requirements of the FRG in, 94-95
French policy, 248, 425, 571, 631, 720

FRG-U.S. talks on, 289-290, 764-766
U.S. position, 373, 379-380, 391, 477, 561, 567-568

French withdrawal:

French position, 745
FRG position, 575-576, 582, 595, 646
U.S. position, 274-275, 561, 567-568

FRG draft peace initiative, effect of, 12
FRG membership in, 342
FRG policy, 456, 473, 481, 529, 555-556, 559, 570, 666-668, 719, 767
Greek role in, 567, 764
Integration of FRG forces in, 144, 241, 475, 503
Italian position, 765
Middle East, 578, 764
Ministerial meetings:

33d, May 1964, 25, 45, 63, 67, 69, 76, 82-86, 112, 262, 269
34th, Dec. 1964, 172, 179, 182, 189, 198, 203n, 262, 307
35th, May 1965, 195, 236, 242, 247, 250, 264-272, 307
37th, June 1966, 360-365, 362
38th, Dec. 1966, 460n, 466-471, 546
39th, June 1967, 520, 543, 546-550
40th, Dec. 1967, 612-615
41st, June 1968, 691-693, 695-696, 698, 701-716
42d, Autumn 1968, 742, 744

Netherlands position, 766
Nonproliferation treaty, 543
Norwegian position, 766
Nuclear issues, 394-395
Soviet position, 423-424
Nuclear Planning Working Group, 435n
Portuguese role in, 764
Rearmament of the FRG, 597
Resolution on limiting Soviet bloc credits, 50, 51n
Soviet military threat to, 749-750
Soviet position, 613-614, 779
Spanish role in, 766
Strengthening of, 571
Summit meeting proposal, 735-736
Troop level reductions, 372, 404, 416-420, 607
Turkish role in, 764
Twentieth Anniversary, 777
U.S. commitments in, 341, 570, 675, 725, 777
U.S.-FRG relations and, 284, 390
Vietnam conflict, effect on, 525
Visa fees for GDR citizens in member nations, 685, 692, 705, 707, 709
Warsaw Pact, security arrangements with, 176, 239, 566
Weakening of, 493

Norway, 766
Nuclear attack, 408, 427, 631-632
Nuclear defense, 330-331, 423-428
Nuclear energy, 459
Nuclear Planning Group (NPG), 577-578
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Aug. 1963, 31

FRG ratification of, 90-91, 476
U.S. position, 286

Nuclear weapons:

British position, 770
Development of, 465
FRG ownership/control of, 247, 321, 556, 598, 602
NATO and, 394-395, 423-424
Polish position, 462
Peaceful Nuclear Explosive Devices (PNEDs), 747, 750
Sharing of, 349, 353, 423-424, 426, 431-432, 577-578, 727, 736-737

Observation posts, 19, 31, 38, 100
Obst, Harry, 283-284, 347-348, 423, 438, 630n, 728

FRG-U.S. relations, 291-292, 352, 436, 514, 527, 569, 573
Troop level reductions, 552, 579

Oder-Neisse line question:

British position, 37
FRG position, 60-61, 142-143, 628
Grand coalition approach to, 307
Polish-FRG relations, 91-92, 142-143, 211, 321, 395, 432, 462-465, 589
Polish position, 609
Potsdam Accords on, 5, 37, 63, 126, 150, 334, 613, 670, 748
Soviet position, 613
U.S. position, 63-64, 71, 148-151, 211, 380, 443, 605

Offset payments. See Military offset payments.
Okinawa, 399
O'Mahony, Joseph E., 46
Organisation Gehlen, 730-731
Organization of American States (OAS), 264n
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD):

Development Assistance Committee, 28
East-West joint ventures, 604
East-West trade, 287, 302-303
Great Society concept, internationalization of, 236
International liquidity, 575
As model conduit for aid to the Soviet bloc, 11
U.S. balance-of-payments problems, 627

Ormsby-Gore, David, 15-16
Osterheld, Horst, 108, 119, 121, 126, 284, 304, 368, 369, 479, 488, 569, 573, 734
Ostpolitik, 497n

Pacem in Terris Conference, New York, May 1965, 280
Pakistan, 96, 273n, 567, 706
Palliser, Michael, 234, 239, 243
PanAm, 684
Panama Canal, 756
Papandreou, Andreas, 765
Paris Agreement, 1954,, 440, 461
Paris Working Group, 236
Pastore, John, 403
Peace and reunification planning (see also Reunification of Germany):

Adenauer standstill proposal, 6, 14
Commission on Germany and Central Europe, 98-99
Five-power proposal, 140
Four-Power Council on German reunification:

Allied communiqué on, 197-201
British position, 67, 85, 183
Four Western power discussion on, 179-181
French position, 183-185, 189
FRG position, 3, 106, 182-184
Soviet position, 36, 133, 182-187, 334
U.S. position, 60, 63, 132-134, 173-174, 183-185, 195-197, 208-209, 214-216

Free elections, 228
French draft statement, 253, 261
French peace conference proposal, 556
FRG draft initiative, 2-5, 55, 65-69, 106

British position, 133
British-U.S. talks on, 15-16, 24, 64-68
French position, 6, 26, 61, 65-66, 76-77, 133
FRG-U.S. talks on, 30-33, 37-38, 213-214
International Access Authority, 62
Soviet position, 33-34, 65
Unilateral nature, 6, 8-15, 17-18, 26, 34-35, 45, 58-68, 86-87, 228

Humanitarian commissions, 4, 186, 228
Italian role in, 139-140
Package proposals, U.S. position, 107
Soviet treaty proposal, Feb. 1954, 84
Soviet-U.S. bilateral talks, 185-187
Three-power initiative on German reunification, 70-72, 76-78, 80-87, 95-96, 107
Treaty proposal criteria, 237-238
U.S.-British initiative on Germany, 18-19, 24-25, 35-39, 45
U.S.-French disagreement on, 139-140
U.S. leadership in, 247
U.S.-FRG disagreements over, 204-207, 209-210
Western Three Declaration on Germany:

French position, 249-250, 257, 261, 263, 265
Quadripartite talks on, 267-269
U.S.-FRG talks on, 253-256, 258-260, 264-266, 342

Peace Corps, 81n, 373
Peaceful Nuclear Explosive Devices (PNEDs), 747, 750
Pearson, Lester B., 567
Pelen, Pierre, 26
Pell, Claiborne, 6
Penberthy, Grover W., 1n, 35, 58
Pfleiderer, Otto, 541
Phillips, Richard I., 225
Pipinelis, Panayotis, 765
Podgorny, Nikolai V., 702
Poland (see also Oder-Neisse line question; Polish subheadings under other subjects):

Anti-Semitic demonstrations in, 665
Berlin crises, 643-644
Czech crisis, effect of, 722
Film production in, 156
GDR, relations with, 361, 432
FRG, relations with:

Berlin clause, 269, 281
Bishops' messages, 334, 339, 343
Difficulties in, 489, 665
FRG position, 457-458, 589
Improvements in, 412, 474, 545
Investment, 228
Nonaggression pact, 94, 134
Private contacts, 546-547
Trade, 89, 342-343, 463
U.S. position, 462-465

German minority in, 462-463
Loss of German territory to, 595-596
Nuclear energy, 459
Soviet troop withdrawal from, 603
Soviet Union, relations with, 361, 432
Stagnation in, 738
U.S. relations with, 362
Western relations with, 364

Polaris submarines, 247
Political parties of the FRG (see also CDU/SPD Grand Coalition under Political situation in the FRG):

Berlin, 551, 672
Christian Democratic Union (CDU), 406-407, 594, 666,, 694, 697

Party convention in Berlin, 703, 710, 759-760
SPD/SED debates, 361, 407

Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU) coalition, 7, 33, 90, 307, 328-329, 440, 457, 610, 620, 622, 632

Economic issues, 551-552
European unity disputes, 140-141, 145-146, 168-171
Gaullist element in, 171, 201, 273-274
GDR-FRG relations, 549
Internal disputes, 140-141, 146, 195, 204
U.S. support for, 189
Weakening of, 204, 390

Christian Social Union (CSU), 104, 594, 666
Communist Party, 358
Deutsche Reichspartei, 774
Dortmund Convention, 444
Franco-German cooperation, 138
Free Democratic Party (FDP), 7, 33, 307, 329, 451, 460, 632
National Democratic Party (NPD), 480, 506-507, 531-532, 536, 668-669, 676, 705, 738

Berlin travel ban on members of, 659, 663, 761, 764, 774, 778

Social Democratic Party of West Germany (SPD), 7, 33, 157, 191, 205, 307, 328-329, 358, 386, 390, 407, 444, 451, 457, 460, 464, 475, 532, 551-552, 602, 619, 622, 632, 651, 666, 694, 697

Grand Coalition role, 551
SPD/SED debates, 360-361, 407, 468
Hanoi visit by SPD delegation, 642
Italian Communist Party, talks with, 646, 652
Reunification of Germany
Weakening of, 530, 671, 676

Political situation in the FRG (see also Political parties in the FRG):

Adenauer views of, 406-407
Berlin pass issue, 1, 7, 88
Bundestag voting rights for Berlin Deputies, 451-455, 458-461, 467, 478, 483, 551
CDU/SPD grand coalition and, 243, 307, 323, 446n, 456-459, 506-507, 551-552, 596, 620, 632, 662-663, 676, 710
Extremism, 507, 668-669, 697
Gaullist approach to foreign relations, 117, 145-146, 168-171, 273274, 290, 476, 504-505, 553
Rapallo thinking, 168-169, 274, 572
Weakening and fall of Erhard government, 195-197, 385-386, 390-391, 407-410, 446-449, 494, 530, 571
Western commitment to German reunification, 130-131, 192-194

Polk, Gen., 152, 161
Pollak (FRG), 670
Pompidou, Georges, 556
Poseidon missiles, 602
Potsdam Accords (see also Oder-Neisse line), 5, 37, 63, 126, 150, 334, 613, 670, 748
Prass, Johannes, 569, 573
Pravda, 167, 670, 747-748
PRC. See China, People's Republic of.
Protectionism, 776
Puhan, Alfred, 191n, 247n, 455n, 497n, 642n, 741n, 770n

Berlin, 620, 691, 694-695, 701, 708
Czechoslovakia, 738
Eastern Europe, 284
U.S.-FRG relations, 230, 372, 442, 569, 617
Kennedy Round, 350
Military offset payments, 429
NATO, 284
Nonproliferation treaty, 593-594
Reunification of Germany, 172, 192, 225, 283, 355
Vietnam conflict, 345

Quick, 73

Book Index:  A-E    F-K    R-Z