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Department Seal Hidden Killers 1998: The Global Landmine Crisis

Annex G: References (footnote 1)

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PRIMARY SOURCES

U.S. Government

Agency For International Development Portfolio Synopsis. Patrick J. Leahy War Victims Fund. Washington, DC, October 1997 ______. Bureau for Humanitarian Response Sudan ö Civil Strife/Displaced Persons. Situation Report #3, FY 1995, http://www. disaster.net/sitreps/sudan.htm, April 5, 1998 Central Intelligence Agency 1997 World Fact Book, http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html Department of Defense. Defense Intelligence Agency (For Official Use Only) Landmine Assessment Survey÷Mozambique/Malawi. Defense Intelligence Reference Document DST-1160R-010-94-SUP 1, July 1994 ______. Defense Intelligence Center and National Ground Intelligence Center Landmine Warfare: Mines and Engineer Munitions in Angola. Defense Intelligence Reference Document NGIC-1166-008A-95, September 1995 ______. National Ground Intelligence Center Landmine Warfare: Mines and Engineer Munitions in Central America. Defense Intelligence Reference Document NGIC-1166-005-97, November 1996 ______. Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations/
        Low Intensity Conflict Humanitarian Demining Equipment Catalog. Taming The Demon. Washington, DC, 1997 ______, and Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, Department of State The Interagency Humanitarian Demining Strategic Plan. Washington, DC, undated ______. U.S. Central Command. Special Operations Command Central Historical Report on Humanitarian Demining Operations Conducted in Ethiopia and Eritrea, April 1994-October 1995. MacDill Air Force Base, Tampa, Florida, 1995 ______. U.S. Special Operations Command. History and Research Office Clearing the Way. U.S. Special Operations Forces in the Humanitarian Demining of Afghanistan, Eritrea, and Ethiopia, 1988-1996. MacDill Air Force Base, Tampa, Florida, September 1996

 

Department of State

Landmine Database. Comprehensive Report: Afghanistan, August 1997 ______. Landmine Database. Comprehensive Report: Angola, March 11, 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Comprehensive Report: Croatia, August 26, 1997 ______. Landmine Database. Comprehensive Report: Eritrea, August 26, 1997 ______. Landmine Database. Comprehensive Report: Mozambique, March 11, 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Comprehensive Report: Namibia, August 26, 1997 ______. Landmine Database. Comprehensive Report: Somalia, August 26, 1997 ______. American Embassy

______.

AMEMBASSY Asmara message, subject: Anti-Personnel Mines: Updating Hidden Killers, O171151Z March 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Bern message, subject: Updating Hidden Killers ö Input on Switzerland, P171505Z March 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Islamabad message, subject: Afghanistan: Anti-Personnel Landmines: Updating Hidden Killers, P201227ZMarch 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY London message, subject: APL/UXO in The Falkland Islands: Updating Hidden Killers, R111720Z March 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Luanda message, subject: Angola: Anti-Personnel Landmines: Updating Hidden Killers, P161330Z March 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Managua message, subject: Updating Hidden Killers: Nicaraguan Response, R062251Z April 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Maputo message, subject: Mozambique: Updating Hidden Killers, O171515Z March 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Phnom Penh message, subject: Anti-Personnel Landmines: Updating Hidden Killers Publication ö Response for Cambodia, R170403Z March 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Phnom Penh message, subject: Anti-Personnel Landmines: Updating Hidden Killers Publication ö Additional Response for Cambodia, R011059Z April 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Sarajevo message, subject: Anti-Personnel Landmines: Updating Hidden Killers, R301748Z March 1998 ______. AMEMBASSY Windhoek message, subject: Namibia, Anti-Personnel Landmines: Updating Hidden Killers, P161327Z March 1998

______. Bureau of Political-Military Affairs. Office of International Security
        and Peacekeeping Operations

Hidden Killers. The Global Landmine Crisis. DOS Publication 10225. Washington, DC, December 1994

______. Bureau of Political-Military Affairs. Office of International Security
        Operations

Hidden Killers. The Global Problem with Uncleared Landmines. A Report on International Demining. DOS Publication 10098. Washington, DC, July 1993

 

Department of the Army

Humanitarian Demining Operations Handbook. Training Circular (TC) 31-34, Final Draft, 24 September 1997

 

U.S. Army. Communications-Electronics Command. Night Vision & Electronic Sensors Directorate, Countermine Division

Countermine Technologies for Humanitarian Demining. Executive Summary and Test Plan. Operational Capabilities Demonstration and Test for Humanitarian Demining and Other Military Operations Other Than War. Volume I, and Test Results Report, Volume II. Fort Belvoir, Virginia, December 19, 1995

 

Foreign Governments

Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade

Anti-Personnel Land Mines: An Annotated Bibliography. Ottawa, Canada, September 16, 1996

 

General Sekretariat, EMD, Switzerland

Fact Sheet, Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining, October 7, 1997

 

Non-governmental Organizations

CARE International

CARE and Land Mines. Atlanta, Georgia, undated ______. Land Mine Safety Handbook, 1997

 

Coupland, Robin M.

The SirUS Project: Towards a Determination of Which Weapons Cause "Superfluous Injury or Unnecessary Suffering." Geneva, Switzerland, International Committee of the Red Cross, November 1997 ______. Assistance For Victims of Anti-Personnel Mines. Needs, Constraints and Strategy. International Committee of the Red Cross, August 1997

 

Handicap International

Living With UXO. National Survey on the Socio-Economic Impact of UXO in Lao PDR 1997. Final Report. N.p., undated

Humanitarian Demining Information Center. James Madison University

Proceedings. Conference on Demining: The Operator's Perspective. Sponsored by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Special Operations & Low Intensity Conflict, December 15-16, 1997. Harrisonburg, Virginia, December 1997

 

Human Rights Watch

Still Killing. Landmines in Southern Africa. New York, May 1997

 

International Committee of the Red Cross

Anti-personnel Landmines - Friend or Foe? A Study of The Military Use and Effectiveness of Anti-personnel Mines. Geneva, Switzerland, March 28, 1996

______.

Anti-personnel Mines: An Overview, August 1, 1997 _____. Anti-Personnel Mines in Central America: Conflict and Post-Conflict, February 1, 1996 ______. Assistance to Mines Victims: ICRC Physical Rehabilitation Programmes, http://wwwicrc.org/unicc/icrcnews, March 1, 1997 ______. Banning Anti-personnel Mines: The Ottawa Treaty Explained, February 1998 ______. ICRC and The War Disabled. Physical Rehabilitation Programmes 1979-1995, April 1996 ______. ICRC Physical Rehabilitation Programmes. ICRC Facts and Figures, March 1997 _____. The Deadly Legacy, in Figures: Afghanistan. Landmines in the Killing Fields. The Carnage Continues: Cambodia.. The Scourge of Mines in Forgotten Wars: Sud-Caucase. ICRC Case Study, March 25, 1996 ______. The Mines Information System (MIS) and Factors Determining the Severity of Mine Infestation. ICRC Case Study, 1997 _____. The Silent Menace: Landmines in Bosnia and Herzegovina, March 1, 1998 ______. The Worldwide Epidemic of Land Mine Injuries: The ICRC's Health Oriented Approach, September 1995 International Physicians For The Prevention of Nuclear War Landmines: A Global Health Crisis. IPPNW Global Health Report Number 2. North Adelaide, Australia, 1997

 

Kakar, Faiz, Ph.D.

Direct and Indirect Consequences of Landmines on Public Health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, Division of Emergency and Humanitarian Action, July 1995

 

Medecins sans Frontieres

Living in A Minefield. A Report on the Mine Problem in Afghanistan. New York, May 1997

 

Mines Advisory Group

Preliminary Assessment: Bosnia Hercegovina & Croatia. Cumbria, England, undated.

 

Organization of American States. Unit for the Promotion of Democracy

Assistance Program for Demining in Central America, December 1997

 

OXFAM, Ireland and United Kingdom

Oxfam Country Report, Sudan, http://www.oxfam.org.uk/atwark/where/africa/sudan.htm, April 5, 1998

 

Rutherford, Ken, and Sue Eitel

Landmine Awareness in Bosnia. General Overview. Washington, DC, Landmine Survivors Network, April 1998

 

Save the Children

Save the Children and Landmines, http://www.oneworld.org/scf/landmin.html, February 25, 1998

 

The HALO Trust

Letter to SAIC, Country Profiles, April 7, 1998 ______. The HALO Trust Donor Meeting, February 10, 1998 ______. The HALO Trust/ODA Mine Clearance Programme Afghanistan. Final Report EMA9597/137670/002, 1 April 1996 ö 31 March 1997. London, England, 1997 ______. The HALO Trust/ODA Mine Clearance Project Cambodia, 1996-1997. Project Ref R 1076, EMA 9597/335/454/005. Final Report, 1 April 1996 ö 31 March 1997, 1997

 

United Nations

Assistance in Mine Clearance. Report of the SecretaryöGeneral A/52/679. New York, December 11, 1997 ______. United Nations SecretaryöGeneral Calls for High Level International Meeting on Global Land-Mine Crisis. Background Note. Geneva, Switzerland, July 1995 ______. Department of Humanitarian Affairs Afghanistan. The Development of Indigenous Mine Action Capacities, February 1998 ______. Angola. The Development of Indigenous Mine Action Capacities, February 1998

______.

Cambodia. The Development of Indigenous Mine Action Capacities, February 1998

_____. Landmine Database, Casualty and Incidents: Angola, http://www.un.org/depts/ landmine/country/angola.htm, February 24, 1998 _____. Landmine Database. Casualty and Incidents: Mozambique, February 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Casualty and Incidents: Sudan, February 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Afghanistan, 1997 _______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Angola, http://www.un.org/depts/landmine/angola.htm ______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Bosnia-Herzegovina, February 1998 _____.Landmine Database. Country Report: Croatia, February 21, 1997 ______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Iraq, September 13, 1996 ______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Mozambique, http://www.un.org/depts/landmine/country/mozambique.htm, February 25, 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Namibia, March 1997 ______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Nicaragua, September 1995 ______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Somalia, February 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Country Report: Sudan, February 25, 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Demining Programme Report: Afghanistan, 1997 ______. Landmine Database, Demining Programme Report: Angola, http://www.un.org/depts/ landmine/country/angola.htm, February 28, 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Demining Programme Report: Mozambique, http://www.un.or/ depts/landmine/program/mozambiq.htm, February 1998 ______. Landmine Database. Demining Programme Report: Sudan, February 1998 ______. Mozambique. The Development of Indigenous Mine Action Capacities, February 1998 ______. Study Report. The Development of Indigenous Mine Action Capacities, February 1998 United Nations. Mine Action Center UN MAC Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, 1997 United Nations Children's Fund Anti-Personnel Landmines: Policies, Strategies and Programmes. New York, undated ______. Office of Emergency Programmes A Child Rights Guide to the 1996 Mines Protocol, 1997 ______. Mine-Related Problems in Angola. Working Paper Series, December 1997 United Nations. High Commissioner for Refugees The State of the World's Refugees, 1997-98. A Humanitarian Agenda. Geneva, Switzerland, 1997 UNOCHA Mine Action Programme for Afghanistan: Workplan 1998. Islamabad, Pakistan, 1998

SECONDARY SOURCES

Books and Reports

Banks, Arthur S., et al. (eds.)

The Political Handbook of the World: 1995. Binghamton, New York, CSA Publications, State University of New York, 1995 Biddle, Stephen D., and Julia L. Klare The Military Utility of Land Mines: Implications for Arms Control. IDA Document D-1559. Alexandria, Virginia, Institute for Defense Analyses, 1994 ______ et al. Landmine Arms Control. IDA Paper P-3001. Institute for Defense Analyses, 1996 Boyce, William, et al. Adaptation of Community Based Rehabilitation in Areas of Armed Conflict. A Paper Presented at the Mine Victims Fund Conference, Washington, DC, April 14-15, 1998 Cahill, Kevin (ed.) A Framework for Survival: Health, Human Rights, and Humanitarian Assistance in Conflicts and Disasters. New York, Council on Foreign Relations and Basic Books, 1993 ______. Clearing the Fields: Solutions to the Global Landmines Crisis. New York, Council on Foreign Relations and Basic Books, 1995 Davies, Paul War of the Mines: Cambodia, Landmines and The Improvement of A Nation. London, England and Boulder, Colorado, Pluto Press, 1994 DeTec, LAMI-EPFL SusDem '97. International Workshop on Sustainable Humanitarian Demining. Zagreb, September 29 - October 1, 1997. Lausanne, Switzerland, October 1997 Hampson, Francoise J. The Long Shadow: Land Mines and The Law of Armed Conflicts. Papers in The Theory and Practice of Human Rights Number 12. Essex, England, Human Rights Centre, University of Essex, 1995 King, Colin (ed.) Jane's Mines and Mine Clearance, 2nd edition, 1997-98. London, England, Jane's Information Group, 1997 Maley, William (ed.) Dealing With Mines: Strategies for Peacekeepers, Aid Agencies and The International Community. Canberra, Australia, Australia Defence Studies Centre, University College, Australian Defence Force Academy, 1994 McGrath, Rae Landmines: Legacy of Conflict. A Manual for Development Workers. London, England, Mines Advisory Group and Oxfam UK, 1994 Prokosch, Eric

The Technology of Killing: A Military and Political History of Antipersonnel Weapons. London, England, Zed Books, 1995

Roberts, S., and J. Williams After The Guns Fall Silent: The Enduring Legacy of Landmines. Washington, DC, Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, 1995 Smith, Chris (ed.). The Military Utility of Landmines·? North-South Defence and Security Programme. London, King's College, University of London, June 1996 Periodicals

Anderson, Kenneth, and Monica Schurtman, "The United Nations Response to The Crisis of Land Mines in The Developing World," Harvard International Law Journal, Vol. 36, No. 2, Spring 1995

Andersson, Neil, and Charlotte Carlsson, "The Hard Facts Behind A Catastrophe," CIETinternational, http://www.un.org/depts/ landmine/newsletter/2_4/socio.htm, February 27, 1998

______, et al., "Social Cost of Land Mines in Four Countries: Afghanistan, Bosnia, Cambodia, and Mozambique," British Medical Journal, Vol. 311, No. 7007, September 16, 1995

"Angola ö The Programme," Mines Advisory Group, http://www.oneworld.org/ mag/angola3b.html, February 18, 1998

Baric, Slavko, "Demining Croatia," Landmines Magazine. Demining News from the United Nations, Vol. 2.3, October 1997

"Behind The Red Line ö Political Repression in Sudan. Summary," Human Rights Watch, http://www.hrw.org/hrw/research/sudan.htm, April 5, 1998

Brennan, Polly, "Demining Activities in A Fluid Region," Landmines Magazine. Demining News from the United Nations, Vol. 2.2, May 1997

CARE, "CARE Announces New Land Mine Program in Angola," http://www.care.org/ newsletter/ landmines/newsangola.htm, February 27, 1998

Chabasse, Philippe, "The Proliferation of Anti-Personnel Land Mines in Developing Countries: Considerable Damage in Human Terms and A Dramatically Insufficient Medico-Social Response," Report of the Symposium on Anti-Personnel Mines. Montreux, Switzerland, International Committee of the Red Cross, April 21-23, 1993

"Community-Based Rehabilitation: A Ten Year Review," A Rehabilitation International/UNICEF Technical Support Programme, One in Ten, Vol. 8, Issues 1-4/Vol. 9, Issues 1-2, 1980

"Country Profile: Sudan," UNHCR, http://www.unhcr.ch/world/afri/sudan.htm, June 1997

Coupland, Robin M., and Remi Russbach, "Victims of Anti-Personnel Mines: What is Being Done?", Medicine and Global Survival, Vol. 1, No.1, November 1994

"Effects of Armed Conflict on Women and Children: Relief and Rehabilitation in War Situations," A Rehabilitation International/UNICEF Technical Support Programme, One in Ten, Vol. 10, Issue 2-3, 1991

Ekberg, Peter J., "Remotely Delivered Land Mines and International Law," Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 33, No.1, 1995

Feeney, Susan, "Hidden Dangers: The Debate Over Land Mines," The Dallas Morning News, November 23-24, 1997

Humanitarian Demining Information Center, James Madison University, The Journal of Humanitarian Demining (trimester on-line journal available at http://www.hdic.jmu.edu/ hdic/journal/)

International Committee of the Red Cross, "Sudan," http://www.icrc.org/unicc/icrcnews, April 5, 1998

"Iraqi Kurdistan," Mines Advisory Group, http://www.mag.org.uk/kurd1.html, February 26, 1998

"Iraqi Kurdistan ö The Local Context," Mines Advisory Group, http://www.oneworld.org/ mag/kurd4a.html, March 18, 1998

Jefferson, Paul A.S., "Landmines, Damn Lies and Statistics," The Guardian, September 9, 1997

Kovaleski, Serge F. "A Dangerous American Legacy. Acres of U.S. Military Land in Panama Are Littered With Unexploded Munitions," The Washington Post, April 2, 1998, A27-28

Lynch, Jarvis D. Jr., "Landmines, Lies, and Other Phenomena," Naval Institute Proceedings, Vol. 124/5/1,143, May 1998

Maseln, Stuart, "A Report for the United Nations Study on the Impact of Armed Conflict on Children," http://www.un.org/depts/landmine/newsletter/1_2/maslen.htm, February 27, 1998

McCall, Jack H. Jr., "Infernal Machines and Hidden Death: International Law and Limits on the Indiscriminate Use of Land Mine Warfare," Georgia Journal of International and Comparative Law, Vol. 24, No. 2, 1994

Mikton, Christopher, "ÎAppropriate Technology': From Buzzword to Polypropylene," Landmines Magazine. Demining News from the United Nations, Vol. 2.1, January 1997

"Mine Action Angola ö Achievements to Date, 1996." Report of the CMAO, http://www.mgm.org/lib/ cmao03.htm, March 18, 1998

Owsley, Brian, "Land Mines and Human Rights: Holding Producers Accountable," Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce, Vol. 21, Spring 1995

Prunier, Gerard, "Sudan Update on Border Crisis With Uganda," Writenet UK, http://www.unhcr.ch/refworld/country/writenet/wrisdn.htm, April 5, 1998     

______. "Sudan Update: War in North and South," Writenet UK, http://www.unhcr.ch/ refworld/country/writenet/wrisdn02.htm, April 5, 1998

"Ridding Bosnia of Landmines," International Crisis Group, http://www.into-crisis-

group.org/projects/bosnia/report/bh25rep1.htm, March 24, 1998

Rouhi, A. Maureen, "Land Mines: Horrors Begging For Solutions," Chemical & Engineering News, Vol. 75, March 10, 1997

"Somalia: Security Concerns and Governance," Landmines Magazine. Demining News from the United Nations, Vol. 2.3, October 1997

Starr, Barbara, "NATO Rethinks Mine Clearance in Bosnia," Jane's Defence Weekly, Vol. 29, No. 24, June 17, 1998

"Sudan: Conflict and Development," Landmines Magazine. Demining News from the United Nations, Vol. 2.3, October 1997

"Sudan: Kala Azar on The Increase in Northern Sudan," Medecins sans Frontieres, http://www.msf.org/theworld/projects/sudan/sudan1.htm, April 5, 1998

"UN Mine Clearance Programme ö Angola," http://www.un.org/depts/landmines/newsletter/1_2 angola.htm, February 27, 1998

"Update on Regional Developments in Africa," United Nations, High Commissioner for Refugees, Executive Committee for The High Commissioner's Programme, EC.46/SC/CRP.35, http://unhcr..refworld/excom/standcom/1996/35htm, May 31, 1996

CD-ROMs

Canadian International Development Agency, Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade

The War That Never Ends, 1996 Corel Corporation, Canada Computer Paper, Inc. Corel Medical Series: The Amputee, 1997 Department of Defense. National Ground Intelligence Center MineFacts (copyright) V1.2. Charlottesville, Virginia, 1997 ______. Landmines and Demining. A Global Problem. Charlottesville, Virginia, 1995 ______. Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division ORDATA Version 1.0. International Deminers' Guide to UXO Identification, Recovery and Disposal. Indian Head, Maryland, 1997 International Committee of the Red Cross International Humanitarian Law (bilingual). Geneva, Switzerland, 1996 ______. Random Ambush, 1996

Prosthetics Outreach Foundation Automated Fabrication of Mobility Aids in the Developing World. Seattle, Washington, 1996

Film and Video Clips

Land Mines: Hidden Assassins. CNN Special Event. CNN News Network, December 2, 1997

Physicians Against Landmines. Dr. William Kennedy Smith at the City Club of Chicago (Illinois). Purdue University Public Affairs Video Archives, December 8, 1997

Small Targets. UNICEF Division of Communication. New York, undated

Steps Toward the Future. Prosthetics Outreach Foundation, Seattle, Washington, 1998

The Silent Shout. Helping Children Learn About Landmines. UNICEF Division of Communication. New York, undated

 Footnotes

1. The majority of citations contained in this list were used in the preparation of Hidden Killers 1998. In the course of writing, other informative source materials were identified, and these have been included for those interested in conducting further research. 2. The ICRC has produced about 20 VHS films on various subjects, many of which have some landmine-related content. Each is available in various languages and priced from 20 to 150 Swiss francs.

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