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Great Seal

Fiscal Year 2001 International Narcotics
and Law Enforcement Affairs Budget
Congressional Presentation

Released by the Bureau for International Narcotics and
Law Enforcement Affairs, April 2000

Blue Bar

Latin America

The Bahamas
Budget Summary ($000)

 FY 1999 Actual FY 2000 Estimated  FY 2001 Request
     1,000     1,000     1,200

Objectives

Justification

The Bahamas is a country of approximately 300,000 people and 700 islands scattered over an area the size of California, and is strategically located on the air and sea routes between Colombia and the United States. These geographic characteristics make The Bahamas a continuing target for drug transshipments as well as international crime. The fact that The Bahamas is a major offshore banking center with bank secrecy laws, makes it an attractive target for money laundering and other financial crimes.

The USG and the Government of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas (GCOB) enjoy a productive working relationship on counternarcotics. In addition, since the 1996 passage of money laundering legislation, the GCOB has been working closely with USG agencies on money laundering and drug asset forfeiture cases. Because of the country's small population and budget, and its expansive geography, the GCOB requires significant assistance to fight international narcotics trafficking and crime. GCOB law enforcement and judicial institutions lack the expertise to effectively investigate, prosecute, and convict major drug traffickers and financial criminals.

The Bahamas has increasingly become a major stepping stone for illegal immigrant trafficking. There is strong evidence that sophisticated, illegal trafficker organizations are running their operations from and through The Bahamas. There has also been a dramatic increase in illegal firearms trafficking linked to drug trafficking. Major Bahamian drug traffickers are apparently transshipping cocaine and marijuana to Florida and using part of their profits to purchase illegal U.S. firearms for criminal activities in The Bahamas. Since 1996, INL has funded law enforcement exchanges and training between the Royal Bahamas Police Force (RBPF) and South Florida law enforcement on firearms trafficking and gang activity, and in FY 1999 INL funded an anti-fraud training program for Bahamian immigration officers.

The success of increasingly sophisticated local law enforcement and combined U.S.-Bahamas interdiction efforts had dramatically reduced the amount of cocaine seized in The Bahamas during the early to mid 1990's. In 1997 and 1998, however, seizures rose substantially, indicating that increased enforcement pressure on other transit routes can push cocaine trafficking back into The Bahamas.

FY 2001 Programs. Through the Narcotics Law Enforcement Project, support will continue for Operation Bahamas and Turks and Caicos (OPBAT) bases that are operated by both Bahamian and U.S. personnel. OPBAT is a combined effort by The Bahamas, the Turks and Caicos Islands police, and the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to intercept loads of cocaine and conduct investigations It employs U.S. Coast Guard and Army helicopters assigned to joint interdiction bases in Nassau, George Town, Great Inagua, and elsewhere. The upsurge in the last few years of cocaine trafficking through The Bahamas underscores the necessity of maintaining a strong OPBAT structure and improving the maritime interdiction capabilities. This assistance will include base operating costs such as electricity, equipment repair and maintenance, air conditioning, runway resurfacing, and other support costs. We will continue to encourage the GCOB to assume increased responsibility in OPBAT, and we will provide training and materiel assistance to the RBPF, in order to improve its maritime interdiction capability.

The program will fund training and equipment for the Drug Enforcement Unit of the RBPF, the principal drug law enforcement and investigation force. Continued support to the Joint Information Coordination Center (JICC) will focus on improving its capability and usefulness to GCOB counternarcotics efforts. Other RBPF elements will also receive assistance, including the Canine Squad, the Internal Security Division, and the Corruption and Investigation Unit, which is responsible for asset-forfeiture investigations. The program will also assist the GCOB in implementing its new anti-money laundering regime by building Bahamian money laundering regulatory, investigative and prosecutorial capabilities. A continuing anti-corruption initiative assists the GCOB to develop effective internal controls and to investigate and prosecute corrupt security and justice officials.

The Judicial Reform Project has helped the GCOB to modernize the Bahamian judicial system. It includes assistance to the Attorney General's office, the courts including magistrate courts, and the prosecutor's office. Activities include training for members of the judiciary, prosecutors and staff, police and other officers of the court, and complete computer automation of court documents, including an automated court reporter training program. Future funding will solidify gains made by court automation and court backlog reduction by continuing to provide training in sound court automation and court management practices. A key project element has been introducing Bahamian judges, prosecutors and court administrators to U.S. prosecution and court administration techniques. The success of the project to date has been due in large part to the willingness of the GCOB to change laws, regulations and practices in support of court modernization.

Limited support will be provided for Drug Abuse Prevention to strengthen the capabilities of the National Drug Council and selected NGOs engaged in prevention and treatment.

Program Development and Support funds will provide for salaries, benefits and allowances of U.S. and foreign national personnel, short-term temporary duty (TDY) personnel, and other general administrative and operating expenses for program planning, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

Effectiveness Measurements

The Bahamas
INL Budget ($000)

    FY 1999   FY 2000   FY 2001
Narcotics Law Enforcement      
     Commodities (Vehicles, technical
         equipment, and spare parts)		       195       305       300
     Training         50         50         95
     Other Costs (Repair and
         maintenance, fuel, boat
         support, operating costs)		       170       155       300
     Subtotal       415       510       695
Judicial Reform       300       200       100
Demand Reduction         --         --       100
Program Development and Support      
     U.S. Personnel      
        Direct hire (1)        117       120       120
        PIT/Contract (2)          47         50         50
      Other Costs      
         International Cooperative
            Administrative Services
            (ICASS)		          75         75         85
        Program Support          46         45         50
        Subtotal        285       290       305
Total     1,000    1,000    1,200


Bolivia
Budget Summary ($000)

 FY 1999 Actual FY 2000 Estimated  FY 2001 Request
     40,0001     48,000     52,000
Objectives Justification

The goal of the counternarcotics (CN) program in Bolivia is to make the licit options offered by general and alternative development more attractive by pursuing aggressive law enforcement and interdiction programs, and an equally vigorous coca eradication effort. Justice sector reform is also a key component in our goal of democratic institution building.

The Bolivian government continues to pursue its pledge to rid Bolivia of excess coca by the year 2002. At the end of 1999, Bolivia had approximately 21,800 hectares of coca under cultivation, and achieved an unprecedented net reduction of 43 percent. President Hugo Banzer Suarez has demonstrated his commitment to sustained action. Bolivia now has less coca under cultivation than either Peru or Colombia, and has fallen to third place in potential cocaine production. Increased success in the interdiction of smuggled chemicals, particularly in the Chapare, has raised the price of many essential chemicals, forcing Bolivian lab operators to use inferior substitutes, recycled solvents and a streamlined production process which virtually eliminates the oxidation stage. The resulting diminishment in quality of the cocaine produced has begun to affect its marketability in Brazil and elsewhere.

The cultivation of legitimate crops in the coca-growing Chapare region has expanded to more than four times the cultivation of coca. In FY 2001, INL expects that the wholesale price for licit products leaving the Chapare to increase to $71 million from $48 million in FY 1999.

FY 2001 Programs. The FY 2001 budget request will fund Bolivian efforts to eliminate illegal coca cultivation and processing by 2002 through support for law enforcement operations and chemical control efforts, enhancing investigations and prosecutions of major drug traffickers, improving intelligence gathering and dissemination, improving the quality of investigations into alleged human rights violations, and supporting ongoing efforts to strengthen the Bolivian judicial system. The budget request will also continue to expand economic growth in the Chapare region and elsewhere in Bolivia by helping Bolivia to meet its international financial obligations and stabilize its economy, a necessary condition for sustained growth. Bolivia, one of the poorest countries in the hemisphere with a per capita GNP of less than $1,000 in 1999, is unable to support any of the present counternarcotics or alternative development programs on its own.

There are twenty-two programs in Bolivia for which INL provides funding and support. For the purposes of this report, they can be grouped into four distinct areas: Narcotics Law Enforcement and Eradication; Alternative Development and Economic Incentives; Rule of Law and Administration of Justice; and Program Development and Support.

The Narcotics Law Enforcement and Eradication Operations Projects support civilian police units which conduct counternarcotics law enforcement and coca eradication operations and the military units which complement them. It also assists the Office of the Vice Minister of Government (formerly the Secretary of Social Defense) to assume greater responsibility for planning, coordinating and funding the Government of Bolivia's (GOB's) counternarcotics efforts. Police units supported include the Special Force for the Fight Against Narcotics Trafficking (FELCN), with its uniformed interdiction force, the Police Rural Mobile Patrol Units (UMOPAR), the Special Prosecutors of Controlled Substances that are assigned to the units, other criminal investigative and intelligence gathering units, canine units, and two schools-the International Anti-Narcotics Training Center (Garras Del Valor) and the International Waterways Law Enforcement Training School.

The Bolivian military provides transport and logistics support to the police via air, land and river. The Red Devils Task Force (RDTF) consists of Bolivian Air Force units operating UH-1H helicopters used in eradication enforcement operations, and C-130 aircraft used to transport police, heavy equipment, and pre-stage fuel in areas not reachable by road or made impassable through much of the year by heavy rains. The Blue Devil Task Force (BDTF), a Bolivian Naval unit with law enforcement authority, is responsible for maintaining a military/counternarcotics law enforcement presence on all rivers and waterways in Bolivia to deny narcotics traffickers the use of those means of transportation and to make arrests and seizures. The Army Green Devil Task Force provides ground mobility/logistics support to the police.

FY 2001 will be the fourth year of the Bolivian five-year plan. What we accomplish that year will be critical to the success of the GOB plan. Future accomplishments of the GOB eradication effort will directly depend upon the efforts of the Ecological Police, DIRECO and the Joint Eradication Task Force. As the eradication program advances, resistance by coca growers may increase, requiring more security forces and increased field support for longer periods. Additionally, providing logistics support to increasingly remote areas of the Chapare will drive up costs.

Traditional support in areas such as equipment purchases, salary supplements, etc., continue to generate substantial funding requirements. Communications equipment, accessories and spare parts necessary to maintain and expand a secure communications environment are especially critical to the eradication and interdiction forces that face violent ambushes and attacks from coca growers and traffickers.

Logistic support requirements and expenses are increasing because of the higher operational tempo in investigation operations. INL is also assisting the GOB to standardize its computer inventory for equipment provided to CN projects. The Office of Professional Responsibility will require assistance with travel and per diem in support of investigations into alleged human rights violations and internal corruption. In addition to general support provided to FELCN and its subordinate units, highly specialized, sophisticated training will be needed to keep pace with changes in trafficking techniques and technology.

The continued replacement of a rapidly aging fleet of vehicles, the normal wear and tear of which is accelerated by their use in difficult terrain, is a mandatory requirement. Improvements in the Bolivian roadway system have been delayed by the GOB's budgetary problems. Although we had hoped that with improvement of the roadway system in Bolivia we could increase our use of surface transportation to support counternarcotics units, we have had to continue to rely on the C-130 aircraft for most major movements. Even some of the newly constructed roads become impassable during the rainy season, requiring C-130 air transport to reach areas where eradication and law enforcement operations are being conducted. Moreover, only the C-130 aircraft can transport the helicopter fuel blivets necessary for long-range operations in remote areas. Funding for fuel and vehicle spare parts, previously covered by Foreign Military Financing (FMF) is also now provided by INL. The very small amount of FMF available for Bolivia is used only to procure training, weapons and ammunition unavailable except from U.S. military sources.

The success of the counternarcotics strategy depends, to a large extent, on the ability of the GOB to convince the Bolivian public that the cultivation of coca and its processing into cocaine as a problem for Bolivia, not just for the U.S. INL support for Drug Awareness and Prevention Programs is, therefore, essential.

The Alternative Development and Economic Incentives Project, CONCADE, provides core support for the GOB's alternative development efforts to consolidate the Chapare's agriculture and infrastructure network, enabling farmers to support themselves and their families without the need to cultivate coca. Although the number of "zero coca" agreements signed in 1998 more than tripled that of 1997, many negotiations did not result in signed agreements due to limited alternative development resources. Approximately 13,500 Chapare families need alternative development assistance in order to permanently abandon coca cultivation. USG resources are needed to consolidate the gains achieved in establishing strengthened farm level capacity and sustainable market linkages in the Chapare. CONCADE will seek to gradually decrease, and eventually eliminate, subsidies and Chapare farmers' dependence on provision of planting materials, productive/social infrastructure and technical assistance.

Balance of Payment (BOP) assistance supports macroeconomic development by providing funds to the GOB to help it pay external debt. Local currency generated through this assistance helps the GOB support coca eradication efforts and joint development activities. This program was previously used to enable the GOB to provide direct compensation to farmers for voluntary eradication of coca. Under the Bolivian 5-year plan, direct compensation was discontinued at the end of FY 1997, and replaced with community-based alternative development-style projects linked to specified levels of eradication.

The Rule of Law/Administration of Justice Project supports structural judicial reform in Bolivia. In CY 2000, the Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP), the remaining portion of a four-part reform package designed to make the Bolivian justice system more efficient, effective, transparent, accessible and accountable, will be implemented. INL funds will assist Bolivian government ministries and elements of the legal system with this process. Resources are also focused on reducing opportunities for corruption in the judiciary and other public ministries.

The Program Development and Support funds will provide for salaries, benefits and allowances of U.S. and foreign national personnel, short-term temporary duty (TDY) personnel, and other general administrative and operating expenses for program planning, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

Effectiveness Measurements

__________
1This does not include an additional $14,000 million of FY 1999 Emergency Supplemental funding.


Bolivia
INL Budget ($000)

    FY 1999   FY 2000   FY 2001
Narcotics Law Enforcement      
      Ground Operations Support
           (FELCN, UMOPAR, Narc
           Police, Canine, GDTF,
           Chemicals, FIU, Prosecutors
           and Intelligence) 		      9,119     10,570     10,820
      Air Operations Support
           (Red Devils Task Force and
           Other Police Air Support
           Units)		       2,453       4,900       4,900
      Riverine Operations Support
           (Blue Devils Task Force)		          648       1,200          800
      Field Support/GOB
      Infrastructure
           (Commodities, training,
           vehicle support facilities,
           field project offices,
           local and GOB support staff		       2,597       3,990       3,990
      Subtotal     14,817     20,660     20,510
Eradication Operations
      DIRECO, Ecological Police		       1,903       7,790       8,800
Alternative Development1
      
      Alternative Development     15,000     10,000     15,000
      Balance of Payments       3,000       4,000       2,000
      Subtotal     18,000     14,000     17,000
Drug Awareness Prevention          800          870          800
Administration of Justice2       2,000       2,000       2,000
Program Development and Support      
      U.S. Personnel      
            Direct hire (4)          535          538          550
            PIT/Contract (2)            45            45            50
     Non-U.S. Personnel      
            Direct hire (3)            75            77            80
            Contract (44)          720          875          950
      Other Costs      
            International Cooperative
            Administrative Support
            Services (ICASS)		          350          350          360
            Program Support          755          795          900
       Subtotal       2,480       2,680       2,890
Total     40,000     48,000     52,000
Emergency Supplemental Funds3     14,000          --        --
Total (Incl. Emergency Supp. Funds)     54,000     48,000     52,000

__________
1USAID administered.
2Beginning in FY 1999, AOJ funding came from INCLE funds.
3Includes $5 million for AD and $9 million for law enforcement support.


Brazil
Budget Summary ($000)

 FY 1999 Actual FY 2000 Estimated  FY 2001 Request
     1,200     1,500     2,000
Objectives Justification

The Brazilian government has continued to intensify its counternarcotics efforts and activities in 1999-building on gains made in 1998 when it began to more aggressively pursue international narcotics traffickers in the Amazon region and elsewhere. President Fernando Henrique Cardoso has become increasingly focused on the issue, and countering illicit narcotics remains high on the list of national concerns. The National Anti-Drug Secretariat (SENAD), created in 1998, is developing slowly, yet is moving ahead in its efforts to provide better coordination of counternarcotics efforts at the state and federal levels.

Brazil's long, porous borders, coupled with its well developed communications infrastructure, banking system, and major international airports and seaports, continue to make it a highly desirable transit route for illicit narcotics bound for the U.S. and European markets. These factors, coupled with increasingly successful enforcement efforts in neighboring countries, have contributed to a growing drug transit problem for Brazil. Of particular concern is the illegal overflight of Brazil's airspace by drug traffickers who seek to avoid patrolling aircraft in neighboring countries.

There were several significant achievements in 1999. Brazilian Federal Police (DPF) cocaine seizures increased in 1999 (6.1 metric tons) from 1998 (5.8 metric tons), highlighted by a record-breaking one month run of success in October. On October 9, the DPF captured 245 kilograms of crack and 50 kilograms of cocaine in San Pedro in the state of Sao Paulo. This was followed on October 21 by the DPF seizure of 60 kilograms of ecstasy at the Sao Paulo airport. Soon thereafter the DPF seized 780 kilograms of cocaine in southern Para state. Marijuana (cannabis) seizures of 54.96 metric tons in 1999 were nearly six times higher than the 9.47 metric tons seized in 1998. In addition, destruction of marijuana plants tripled to 3.08 million, compared to 806,765 in 1998. In March, the DPF raided a laboratory site capable of processing 100-200 kilograms of cocaine per month, and seized three kilograms of cocaine, quantities of precursor chemicals, and assorted laboratory equipment. This was the first laboratory seized in over three years.

FY 2001 Programs. The Narcotics Law Enforcement Project focuses on the DPF's need to continue working to increase intelligence capabilities and strengthen police counternarcotics infrastructure. The need for support in these vital areas is important if we are to improve overall performance and attain our mutual counternarcotics goals. The embassy will continue to encourage the DPF toward funding their operational costs so that USG funding can be applied to develop overall investigative capabilities and improve intelligence gathering.

The FY 2001 budget request will permit the expansion of on-going programs, including DPF interdiction operations in the Amazon where government resources are stretched to the limit and are inadequate to deal with the massive task of policing this huge area. Funding will be used for procurement of additional equipment, maintenance and repair of existing boats, generators, outboard motors, and land vehicles. INL will continue to provide assistance for Brazilian efforts to step up counternarcotics security at major ports.

The southern route for smuggling narcotics from Bolivia and Paraguay through Sao Paulo and Rio de Janiero to the U.S. and Europe continues to grow in importance, as evidenced by the major seizures made in the area by DPF agents during the past year. This increasing activity has proportionally increased the need for support for counternarcotics operations in the south. The FY 2001 funding request will support a variety of training courses designed to meet program goals in this strategic area.

Drug use continues to increase in Brazil, particularly among young people. The increasing use of drugs in Brazil continues to be a serious problem. PROERD, the Drug Awareness and Demand Reduction Project, is a school-based education program that is modeled on the U.S. DARE concept and has been highly successful in Brazil. The program in Sao Paulo is now the second largest program of its type in the world and the effort has spread into fourteen other states and the Federal District. INL will continue to provide support for this effort. PROERD provides training to uniformed state military police drug education volunteers in 17 of Brazil's 26 states, as well as in the Federal District. In October, 75 professionals from the juvenile institution FEBEM (State Foundation for the Welfare of Minors) in Sao Paulo were trained in counseling and pedagogical techniques based on the internationally successful Daytop model of community therapy. There are discussions underway regarding the formation of a nongovernmental organization (NGO) that would coordinate the PROERD activities throughout Brazil. This would greatly enhance the efficiency of the overall program and INL will work to further this effort.

Both independently and in cooperation with SENAD, INL will continue to fund grants for demand reduction and education programs throughout Brazil. Frequent requests are received from federal and state governmental agencies, NGOs, universities and other educational and research institutions for such assistance. INL will provide support when the project goals coincide with U.S. objectives within the limits of the available budget.

Program Development and Support funds will provide for salaries, benefits, and allowances of permanently-assigned full-time U.S. personnel and other general administrative and operating expenses for program planning, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation and public diplomacy.

Effectiveness Measurements

Brazil
INL Budget ($000)

    FY 1999   FY 2000   FY 2001
Narcotics Law Enforcement      
     Commodities (Vehicles, boats,
         radios, support equipment)		       341       480       800
     Training       175       200       300
     Other Costs (Operational
         support, travel, per diem,
         dog kennel facilities)		       130       250       350
       
     Subtotal        646       930    1,450
Drug Awareness/Demand Reduction        209       200       200
Program Development and Support      
     U.S. Personnel      
        Direct hire (1)        123         90       100
        Contract (1)          18          --         --
     Non-U.S. Personnel      
        Contract (1)          38         50         50
      Other Costs      
         International Cooperative
           Administrative Support
           Services (ICASS)		          81         96         96
         Program Support          85       134       104
       Subtotal        345       370       350
Total     1,200    1,500    2,000


Colombia
Budget Summary ($000)

 FY 1999 Actual FY 2000 Estimated  FY 2001 Request
     32,7001     50,000     35,000
Objectives Justification

Colombia produces and distributes more cocaine than any other country in the world. Over three-quarters of the world's cocaine hydrochloride (HCl) is processed in Colombia, both from locally grown coca and cocaine base imported from Peru and Bolivia. Colombia is also a significant supplier of heroin to the United States, potentially producing, according to U.S. estimates, up to eight metric tons yearly, virtually all of which is destined for the U.S. market.

The government of President Pastrana has devoted much attention to a peace dialogue with the largest insurgent group, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). It has also issued a new national drug control strategy, "An Integrated Drug Policy for Peace," that places major new emphasis on alternative development as a means of weaning campesinos from illicit crops and eliminating the income from drug trafficking that has fueled Colombia's long-running insurgency. In the long term, a successful peace process could potentially break the linkage between guerrilla groups and narcotics traffickers, enabling the Colombian police and military to more effectively carry out their counternarcotics programs and returning areas of the country to the possibility of alternative development.

President Pastrana unveiled Plan Colombia, a comprehensive, integrated response to Colombia's economic and societal problems, the internal conflict, and the narcotics business that fuels it. This program will cost $7.5 billion to implement. The United States and other nations are joining together to help implement Plan Colombia. The Administration is proposing a comprehensive multi-year program totaling $1.6 billion for FYs 2000 and 2001 to provide assistance to Colombia and neighboring countries. The bulk of this package is an emergency FY 2000 supplemental of $954 million, with the rest consisting of ongoing programs and an FY 2001 request. The Administration will work closely with the Congress to finalize the details of the U.S. assistance package. The budget request submitted here was developed in conjunction with this Plan Colombia package but does not include the proposed supplemental figures for either year.

The combined U.S.-Government of Colombia (GOC) eradication program sprayed over 42,000 hectares of coca and more than 8,000 hectares of opium poppy in 1999. Despite this program's success, net coca cultivation rose to an estimated 122,500 hectares due to cultivation increases in southern Colombia, where government control is limited.

The Antinarcotics Directorate (DANTI) of the Colombian National Police has continued its excellent record of investigations and operations against narcotics trafficking organizations. Insurgent groups working in cooperation with narcotics traffickers, however, have increasingly targeted police operations.

The primary focus of the INL-funded counternarcotics program is support for the Colombian National Police (CNP) Directorate of Anti-Narcotics (DANTI) counternarcotics activities. The program budget funds the aerial eradication program, investigations aimed at the disruption of trafficker organizations, and the interdiction of precursor chemicals and shipments of finished cocaine HCl. These efforts are integrated into and supportive of Plan Colombia, the Colombian Government's comprehensive national strategy.

Counternarcotics assistance is provided for DANTI and other CNP elements, the National Narcotics Directorate (DNE), the National Plan for Alternative Development (PLANTE), elements of the military involved in counternarcotics, and other Colombian government entities, like the Civil Aviation Administration. USG assistance supports the world's largest aerial eradication program, which targets both coca and opium poppy. It also provides operational funds to dismantle narcotics trafficking organizations by strengthening those institutions responsible for investigating crimes, evidence-gathering, arrest, prosecution, asset seizure, and other law enforcement actions. Other project activities include improving coordination of CNP and military counternarcotics actions, completing infrastructure support programs, supporting alternative development, improving the security of Colombia's ports and sustaining public awareness and education projects.

FY 2001 Programs. The primary USG counternarcotics goal in Colombia is to help the Government of Colombia (GOC) to destroy all illicit cultivation and the infrastructure which supports production of illicit drugs. In order to obtain this goal, assistance will concentrate on discouraging cultivators or would-be cultivators, and increasing the GOC's institutional capabilities in this area. The aerial eradication program is our most powerful tool to accomplish this goal, and we intend to continue to expand it. Results to this point have been mixed due to the inability to reach all of the growing areas. INL intends to work with the CNP and the newly created counter narcotics battalion of the Colombian Army (COLAR) to extend the program to all of Colombia's cultivation areas and produce a net decrease in the crop size, focusing on introducing operations to the Putumayo region. This major effort will rely heavily upon the expansion of the CNP air wing, particularly the addition of UH-60 Blackhawks, and the establishment of Forward Operating Locations (FOLs) for the various public security elements involved. Simultaneously, INL will continue to support the CNP's intensive opium poppy eradication campaign, which aims to destroy the entire crop within two years. The USG will continue support of Colombia's alternative development efforts in the opium poppy region. Initiated last year, assistance in this project reinforces eradication efforts by providing viable alternatives for small farmers currently dependent on poppy cultivation.

INL also intends to provide continued support for CNP operations aimed at the destruction of emerging narcotics trafficking syndicates through the arrest and prosecution of syndicate leaders and the confiscation of their assets, and to discourage money-laundering activity. USG assistance also sustains GOC drug awareness and education programs that seek to dissuade Colombians from engaging in narcotics activities.

The $32.7 million provided to the GOC in FY 1999 International Narcotics Control monies was supplemented by $173.16 million in emergency supplemental funding provided by Congress. This funding was used to meet critical Colombian needs for helicopters, base security improvements, prison security, interdiction aircraft for the CNP and additional support for the CNP and other elements of the Colombian government involved in counternarcotics activities.

The Narcotics Law Enforcement Project for FY 2001 requests funds for commodity, training and operational support for the CNP and military units involved in eradication and interdiction operations. This request represents recognition of the central role of Colombia in narcotics trafficking and U.S. resolve to combat it as close to the source as possible. The DANTI will remain the principal GOC recipient of U.S. counternarcotics assistance to Colombia. The project will provide support for the CNP air wing, including aircraft parts and maintenance, aviation fuel and lubricants, herbicide and other aviation-related support costs. These include pilots and rotary- and fixed-wing maintenance and logistics technicians, all funded by INL. The expansion of the air wing through the introduction of 6 UH-60 Blackhawk helicopters has increased this support requirement with an hourly operation cost approximately double that of UH-1Hs. Additionally, INL will provide funding for a variety of DANTI operating costs, including such items as maintenance and fuel for INL-supplied and CNP-owned vehicles, office supplies and equipment, maintenance of communications and other equipment, utility costs, minor facilities maintenance and repair.

The Armed Forces Counternarcotics Support Project provides assistance to military units that support the CNP's counternarcotics efforts or conduct independent counternarcotics operations. The presence of elements of the Colombian armed forces to enhance security in the spray zones is desirable, and often indispensable, for the safe and efficient conduct of spray operations. Putumayo, as well as the major coca growing areas of Guaviare and Caqueta where aerial spray operations for crop eradication are already carried out, are characterized by significant armed insurgent groups in active conflict with the GOC. Proposed funding will furnish spare parts, supplies, equipment and training for elements of the Colombian armed forces engaged in these counternarcotics activities.

The Colombian Army requires assistance for its dedicated Counternarcotics Battalions to include spare parts, maintenance and training for its UH-1N helicopters and operational field equipment. The Colombian Air Force will receive maintenance assistance and training for its helicopter fleet and fixed-wing C-130, OV-10, and A-37 units, as warranted, to advance the overall counternarcotics effort through an expanded program of aerial interdiction and support for ground operations. The Colombian Navy and its Marine branch are expected to manage a counternarcotics campaign on the rivers and the coast. Equipment, training and technical assistance will be provided to Colombian riverine and coast guard harbor patrol programs.

The Infrastructure Support Project includes support for the GOC's counternarcotics policy board, the National Narcotics Directorate (DNE). A permanent DNE research staff recommends, coordinates and monitors many aspects of Colombian counternarcotics policy. The DNE will coordinate and/or sponsor international meetings to foster contact with counterparts in donor and trafficking/producing countries and will carry out environmental monitoring. This project will also fund the purchase of commodities or services needed to support counternarcotics programs in the offices of the Attorney General and the Prosecutor General, and in the Ministry of Justice and the Courts.

The Alternative Development Project is an INL-funded, USAID-administered alternative development pilot program involved in jointly-selected drug growing regions. The project works in conjunction with PLANTE, the GOC's alternative development program, and aims to achieve a fully sustainable array of counternarcotics activities. In addition to providing PLANTE with infrastructure support such as technical training and computer equipment, the project supports Licit Productive Activities, Environmental Management, and Monitoring Support. Funds also support direct efforts of industry groups seeking to establish local ventures.

The Drug Awareness and Demand Reduction Project will fund programs to support nongovernment organizations (NGO) and community-based programs; publish and disseminate narcotics education and prevention materials; design and implement public drug awareness campaigns; and sponsor conferences and visits in support of the above activities.

Program Development and Support funds will provide for salaries, benefits and allowances of permanently-assigned U.S. and foreign national personnel, short-term TDY assistance, and other general administrative and operating expenses for program planning, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

Effectiveness Measurements


Colombia
INL Budget ($000)

    FY 1999   FY 2000   FY 2001
Narcotics Law Enforcement      
      Commodities
           (Aircraft parts, tools,
           avionics, and other equip-
           ment; radios, vechicles,
           field and investigative)
           equipment)		         12,390     20,300     12,000
      Training
           (Aviation, tactical,
           intelligence)		          1,000       1,000       1,000
      Other Costs
           (Aircraft operations,)            contract personnel,            forward base con-            struction, U.S. advisors,            project support)		          8,660     15,410     10,800
      Subtotal        22,050      36,710     23,800
Armed Forces Counternarcotics Support
      Army Air Force, Navy and
      Marines		          2,700        5,000       1,800
Alternative Development Program
          5,000        5,000       5,000
Policy Issues and Drug Awareness
     Miscellaneous grants, computers,
     training, operation support		            750        2,000       2,000
Program Development and Support      
      U.S. Personnel      
            Direct hire (6)             410           500          610
            Contract/PIT (3)               90             90            90
     Non-U.S. Personnel      
            Direct hire (3)               50             50            50
            Contract (15)             735           735          735
      Other Costs      
            International Cooperative
            Administrative Support
            Services (ICASS)		             615           615          615
            Program Support             300           300          300
       Subtotal          2,200        2,290       2,400
Total        32,700      50,000     35,000
Emergency Supplemental Funds1      173,160          --        --
Total (Incl. Emergency Supp. Funds)2      205,860      50,000     35,000

__________
1FY 1999 Emergency Supplemental Funds for Black Hawks, UH-1H upgrades, DC-3, miniguns, base and force security, base construction, A-37 program.
2FY 2000/01 requests will be augmented by FY 2000/01 Emergency Supplemental.


Ecuador
Budget Summary ($000)

 FY 1999 Actual FY 2000 Estimated  FY 2001 Request
     1,200     1,200     2,200
Objectives Justification

Ecuador continues to be a major transit country for illegal drugs en route to the U.S. and European markets. It is an important center for the collection and distribution of illicit drugs to consumer markets worldwide, the provider of chemicals to producer countries, a money laundering center, and from time to time, a safe haven and headquarters for cartel members from Peru and Colombia. Although illicit drugs are not cultivated in Ecuador, they are increasingly processed there. Narcotics kingpins appear to traffic approximately 30-50 metric tons of cocaine per year through loosely monitored ports and road networks. There is evidence that Ecuador is used by narcotics traffickers to launder illicit drug profits through Ecuadorian financial institutions, or at the very least, to invest their illegal gains from drug activities. Drug traffickers frequently use Ecuador to transport essential chemicals that are legally imported into Ecuador and then illegally diverted north to Colombia, and for smuggling processed cocaine out of Ecuadorian ports via container ships to the U.S. and Europe.

The Government of Ecuador (GOE) has a strong counternarcotics law which: criminalizes trafficking in drugs, chemicals and narcotics trafficking assets; centralizes drug enforcement in the narcotics police; establishes a ministerial-level drug council (CONSEP) to coordinate national drug control policy and programs; and makes the military a member of that drug council. The 587-member Ecuadorian National Police (ENP) is generally poorly trained, equipped and funded. In addition, it needs to improve its use of intelligence. Moreover, although the GOE supports counternarcotics programs, it needs to make the fight against narcotics traffickers a higher government priority. It is U.S. Government policy to work with the Minister of Government, whose portfolio contains the National Police, to bring badly needed support to the GOE's counternarcotics efforts. Currently, however, the GOE is experiencing the worst financial crises in its history, which is hampering these objectives.

Despite the country's severe economic crisis, ENP had a record year, seizing more than 10 tons of cocaine and coca base and 81 kg of heroin, dismantling cocaine laboratories and intercepting precursor chemicals. The GOE fully cooperates with the United States Government (USG) in the fight against narcotics trafficking. A solid example of this close cooperation was the completion in November 1999 of a ten-year agreement permitting the U.S. to operate regional counternarcotics detection and monitoring missions from an Ecuadorian air force base in the city of Manta. The Ecuadorian National Drug Council (CONSEP) published a new five-year counternarcotics strategy. The customs service was privatized to maximize efficiency and bolster interdiction efforts. In addition, the ENP established a unified counternarcotics division to strengthen the management of counternarcotics law enforcement.

FY 2001 Programs. The focus of INL counternarcotics programs and resources in FY 2001 will be the ENP, and INL will continue to encourage the GOE to place greater emphasis on Narcotics Law Enforcement. Support will be provided through the Prosecutor General's office to the ENP and CONSEP.

The National Police Project will focus on strengthening police drug interdiction capability by way of continued support for the police airport groups (including drug detector dogs), fixed and mobile roadblock and interdiction teams, and occasional aerial reconnaissance and eradication deployments. Support will also be given for improvements in communications and coordination between CONSEP and the police to impede the movement of illegal drugs and essential chemicals. This project will also seek to improve police counternarcotics skills and performance by providing basic and advanced training courses in counternarcotics operations and intelligence, and instruction on financial and chemical investigations. The project will also address improvements in drug intelligence collection and analysis through continued support for the Intelligence Center (CICC). The CICC has instituted procedures for systematic collection and processing of all drug related information. FY 2001 funds will provide additional training and support for expenses to enable the unit to provide increasingly sophisticated intelligence information to police counternarcotics units.

The National Drug Council (CONSEP) Project will emphasize ministerial-level drug coordination efforts. CONSEP serves as a data bank for financial reports on suspicious transactions submitted by banks. It controls and monitors precursor and essential chemicals moving through Ecuador, is involved in expanding drug prevention training on a national basis, and coordinates the counternarcotics efforts of the police, as well as manages properties seized from drug traffickers. Funding will be used to continue to equip CONSEP offices around the country with computer and communications equipment, and to provide training. A U.S. Customs Advisor Support Project will seek to improve Ecuadorian port interdiction by providing technical assistance, training, and advice to Ecuadorian Customs officials, establishing effective counternarcotics cargo inspection teams within the pertinent Ecuadorian Customs components to work in tandem with the ENP canine units, and establishing a sustainable cargo inspection regime similar to U.S. Customs cargo inspection procedures.

Program Development and Support funds will provide salaries, benefits and allowances of U.S. and foreign national personnel, short-term TDY assistance, and other administrative and operating expenses for program planning, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

Effectiveness Measurements


Ecuador
INL Budget ($000)

    FY 1999   FY 2000   FY 2001
Law Enforcement      
     Commodities (Vehicles, radios
         field equipment)		       300       270       867
     Training         40         40         75
     Other Costs      
        Maintenance         85       100       100
        Operational Support         85       100       500
        U.S. contract field advisor         75         75         --
     Subtotal       585       585    1,542
National Drug Council (Vehicles, computer equipment, training, operational support)         60         60         50
Customs Project      
     Advisor Position       180       180       150
     Program Support         --         --         30
     Subtotal        180        180       180
Program Development and Support      
     U.S. Personnel      
        Direct hire (1)        125        115       125
        PIT (1)          31          33         33
     Non-U.S. Personnel          50          53         55
        Direct hire (1), Contract (2)      
     Other Costs      
         International Cooperative
            Administrative Services
            (ICASS)		          75          76        110
      Program Support          94          98        105
      Subtotal        375        375        428
Total     1,200     1,200     2,200


Guatemala
Budget Summary ($000)

 FY 1999 Actual FY 2000 Estimated  FY 2001 Request
     3,000     3,000     3,000
Objectives Justification

Guatemala is a significant transit country for cocaine from South America to Mexico and onward to the United States. In addition, Guatemala cultivates small amounts of opium poppy and marijuana for domestic consumption. Diversion of precursor chemicals is also a problem. A recent study revealed that over $900 million in illegal drugs could have been produced from the uncontrolled excess chemical imports.

The Government of Guatemala (GOG) is actively working to strengthen its drug enforcement capability. Staffing for the Department of Anti-Narcotics Operations (DOAN), a division of the newly reconstituted National Civilian Police (PNC), was increased to 600 in 1999 and the GOG expects to add additional staff to fulfill police requirements mandated by the national peace accords. Pay increases, extensive training, and new equipment and infrastructure improvements for the DOAN continue at a good pace. The Ministry of Government (MOG), the Public Ministry (MP), and judicial organizations have initiated procedures to integrate computerized systems to track cases and enhance information sharing within the GOG and with counterpart Central American institutions. The GOG fully supports interdiction and eradication operations, including the use of aerial spraying against marijuana and opium poppy crops. At the same time, the Executive Secretariat for the Commission Against Addictions and Illicit Drug Trafficking (SECCATID) is aggressively pursing a demand reduction program in Guatemala.

By the end of the third quarter of calendar year 1999, Guatemalan counternarcotics police had seized just over 10 metric tons of cocaine and 52 kilos of heroin. This follows cocaine seizures of 9.2 metric tons in 1998 and 4.3 metric tons in 1997. These seizures represent increased maritime and overland interdiction capabilities due, in part, to the temporary presence of INL Aviation Division assets and highly successful U.S. supported bilateral interdiction operations. Nevertheless, the vast majority of containerized cargo still go uninspected due to inadequate inspection capabilities at all ports of entry to Guatemala. INL support for interdiction efforts will include increased training, operational support and maintenance of equipment for the Guatemalan counternarcotics police.

Marijuana production in the vast, sparsely populated Peten region of northeastern Guatemala, bordering on Belize and Mexico, remains negligible, thanks to continuing Guatemalan eradication efforts. Host country authorities continue to closely monitor cultivation of opium poppy, which increased from 10 hectares in 1997 to 15 hectares in 1998. GOG narcotics control police units carry out manual eradication, air-mobile interdiction (with INL Aviation Division assistance), port control, narcotics investigations, riverine operations and road interdiction and inspection.

INL provided additional one-time-only Hurricane Mitch funding to Guatemala to implement anti-corruption, tracking of drug smuggling in commercial freight, and counternarcotics police anti-corruption projects as well as a series of regional projects being implemented by other USG agencies and international organizations. These funds are being used to target organized crime, improve law enforcement internal affairs capabilities and assist CN police establish border inspection capabilities. Regional projects are assisting customs agencies' anti-corruption efforts, and assessing progress in the region toward implementing the Interamerican Convention against Corruption, implementing a series of anti-alien smuggling projects. The country specific projects will improve counternarcotics law enforcement entities by strengthening anti-corruption institutions. These projects will provide seed funding to institutions which should be fully self-sustaining in a very short period of time.

FY 2001 Programs. The INL program for FY 2001 reflects the shift to a regional focus in interdiction and program support activities which began in 1999. This will assist Guatemala and its neighbors with common problems and stimulate the regional orientation necessary to respond to the considerable resources and ingenuity of narcotics traffickers.

The Narcotics and Law Enforcement Project will help the GOG organize, train and equip an expanded Department of Anti-Drug Operations (DOAN) for interdiction and eradication responsibilities. Training will focus on operational aspects of identification and seizure of illegal drugs, ongoing training and support to units engaged in coastal patrols, air-mobile support and land interdiction, and leadership and counternarcotics intelligence analyst training for anticipated DOAN staff increases. The project will assist with maintenance of the new DOAN headquarters, expand the activities of narcotics prosecutors and the new narcotics investigation squad, continue operations of the DOAN's Joint Information Coordination Center (JICC) and chemical control office, and complete the establishment and training of the port security project at La Aurora International Airport and Puerto Quetzal on the Pacific coast.

The Eradication and Interdiction Project supports the objective of deterring transshipment of cocaine and continuing eradication of opium poppy and marijuana. The documented increase in aerial trafficking events in 1997 and 1998 continued in 1999. A temporary deployment of USG interdiction aircraft to Guatemala in mid-1999 increased the GOG's interdiction results and capabilities. This temporary deployment gave the GOG extensive aerial interdiction and eradication experience by on-the-job training during joint operations through transportation support provided to the CN police. Operation-specific training will continue in connection with Central Skies program regional deployments and INL Regional Aerial Reconnaissance and Eradication (RARE) deployments.

The Public Awareness Project has supported the SECCATID sponsorship of a regional demand reduction conference in 1999. This meeting of all senior government drug control commission officials provided the forum needed to begin plans for the sharing of experience and methods in demand reduction. The FY 2001 project plans will key on the ideas developed at this conference and continue public awareness work. Activities will focus on publications and presentations to inform Guatemalan citizens of the social and cultural damage inflicted by drug trafficking and drug abuse. Seminars and education programs will be developed to continue public awareness and educate public school teachers on the dangers of illegal drugs. The project also provides targeted assistance to the legal system to promote effective use of the drug law through training and equipment.

The Narcotics Prosecutor Assistance Project provides funding for the special narcotics prosecutors unit of the Attorney General's office (Public Ministry) to increase professional training, develop computerized case management, and increase drug convictions. This project supplies equipment and training in coordination with USAID judicial reform efforts. A well-received element of the project, developed in 1998, has been to provide assistance to the GOG in the drafting of counternarcotics legislation. In 1999, the legal staff of the Drug Prosecutor Assistance project began lending assistance to other INL projects in the region to develop law enforcement and counternarcotics legislation. This capability was used assist in the development of money-laundering related legislation in El Salvador in 1999 and will phase into development of Stolen Vehicle programs and legislation in Central America.

Program Development and Support funds will provide for salaries, benefits and allowances of U.S. and foreign national personnel, short-term temporary duty (TDY) personnel, and other general administrative and operating expenses for program planning, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

Effectiveness Measurements


Guatemala
INL Budget ($000)

    FY 1999   FY 2000   FY 2001
Narcotics Law Enforcement      
     Ground Operations Support          (Field gear, computers,
         vehicles, commo and
         investigative equipment, training
         and operational support)		       1,225       1,500       1,500
     Aviation Support
         (Aircraft parts, fuel, commo
         equipment, vehicles, training
         and operational support)		          600          300          300
     Maritime Support
         (Boat parts, fuel, field
         equipment, safety gear,
         vehicles, training and
         operational support)		          250          135          135
      Subtotal       2,075        1,935       1,935
Narcotics Prosecutors
         Local personnel, commodities,
         training, operational support		          260           350          350
Public Awareness
         Training, grants,
         operational support		          200           250          250
Program Development and Support      
     U.S. Personnel      
        Direct hire (1)          125           125         125
        PIT (1)            25             25           25
     Non-U.S. Personnel      
        Direct hire (1), Contract (2)            85             85           85
     Other Costs      
         International Cooperative
            Administrative Services
            (ICASS)		          100           100        100
      Program Support          130           130        130
      Subtotal          465           465        465
Total       3,000        3,000     3,000


Jamaica
Budget Summary ($000)

 FY 1999 Actual FY 2000 Estimated  FY 2001 Request
       800       800     1,200
Objectives Justification

Jamaica is a major transit point for South American cocaine en route to the U.S. and is also the largest Caribbean producer and exporter of marijuana for U.S. markets. Traffickers use Jamaica's ports, offshore waters and airstrips to move drugs to the U.S. Jamaican ports are also vulnerable to the illegal diversion of precursor and essential chemicals. While Jamaica is not considered an important regional financial center, tax haven, or offshore banking center, the U.S. is concerned about the increase in money laundering in the Caribbean and the possibility of money laundering activity in Jamaica.

The Government of Jamaica (GOJ) publicly states its commitment to combating illegal drugs. Nevertheless, Jamaica operates under severe resource constraints, with over half of its national budget going for debt repayment alone. Despite limited resources, in 1998 the GOJ acquired seven helicopters, refurbished a coast guard cutter, and assumed operational expenses for the Caribbean Regional Drug Law Enforcement Training Center. In 1999, the GOJ established a Fugitive Apprehension Team and took steps to establish a Financial Investigative Unit. In May 1999, Jamaica signed into force amendments to its money laundering law requiring suspicious transaction reporting and raising the threshold for mandatory transaction reporting. Also in 1999, the GOJ introduced into Parliament precursor chemical legislation, an anti-corruption bill, and legislation establishing drug courts.

Following GOJ passage in 1998 of legislation implementing the bilateral maritime agreement, the U.S. and Jamaica have undertaken combined maritime operations which have been successful in interdicting vessels transporting narcotics. In FY 2000, the USG is providing two 82' excess Coast Guard cutters to the Jamaican Coast Guard and refurbishing additional boats to enhance Jamaica's maritime counter narcotics efforts. Increased Jamaican Coast Guard patrolling and additional training and equipment are necessary to enhance Jamaica's capabilities to implement the maritime cooperation agreement.

Jamaica has a mutual legal assistance treaty and an extradition treaty with the U.S. While Jamaica did extradite four people to the U.S. in 1999, including a leader of a drug trafficking gang that operated in the U.S. in the 1980s, there are still some 16 cases pending. Delays in extradition cases result from an overburdened court system as well as the due process protections afforded to Jamaican criminal defendants.

INL assistance for the GOJ helps the Jamaica Constabulary Force (JCF), the Jamaica Defense Force (JDF), the Jamaican court system and other GOJ agencies carry out effective drug law enforcement investigations and operations, prosecutions of arrested drug violators, and drug awareness programs. The U.S. has provided and will continue to provide extensive training and equipment to the JCF Narcotics Unit, the Contraband Enforcement Team, and the Port Security Corps. The counternarcotics assistance program also assists the GOJ to improve criminal justice capabilities, as a follow-on to USAID's Administration of Justice program. Jamaica's Joint Intelligence Coordination Center (JICC), established with INL funding, is an important component of the GOJ's counternarcotics data collection and analysis effort. Additional JICC support will update its equipment and provide further analysis training.

FY 2001 Programs. All aspects of the counternarcotics program are focused on Jamaican implementation of the 1988 UN Convention. The requested funding level for FY 2001 will permit the GOJ to undertake the intensity of drug and money laundering law enforcement and judicial activities necessary to pave the way for development of legitimate agriculture and commerce in this struggling economy.

The Narcotics Law Enforcement Project supports marijuana eradication and drug interdiction activities. The project provides support for helicopters and boats currently owned or to be acquired by Jamaica, fuel for all types of law enforcement operations, and salaries for marijuana cutters. It also provides training and equipment for Jamaica's several counternarcotics agencies (JDF, JCF, the Contraband Enforcement Team, and the Port Security Corps), and for Jamaican Customs and Immigration officers to improve techniques for intercepting drugs, weapons and illegal aliens. The U.S. will continue to support combined USG-GOJ efforts to target, investigate, prosecute, convict, and appropriately sentence major Jamaican drug traffickers. Resources will also be provided to upgrade the JICC.

The Money Laundering Project will support the development of GOJ financial investigative and prosecutorial capability to enforce its amended money laundering law by providing technical assistance, training and computer equipment.

The Judicial Reform Project is designed to assist the GOJ to adopt comprehensive drug control legislation and then to strengthen its legal institutions in an effort to increase the speed and uniformity of convicting and sentencing drug traffickers and other international criminals. Currently, arrested drug traffickers seldom get a speedy trial or appropriate sentence due to a legal system of full court dockets and trials that do not always take place as scheduled. When convicted, sentencing is erratic. Through this project, the USG will continue to offer assistance in preparing draft legislation and to provide training in the areas of extradition, asset forfeiture, money laundering and drug prosecutions. Further training in investigations and forensics will be given to improve the capacity of local law enforcement. The project will also improve the security of judges, juries, and witnesses by providing technical assistance and equipment to speed up court proceedings. A new anti-corruption initiative will seek to help the GOJ to strengthen its internal controls and develop the means to investigate and prosecute corrupt public officials.

The INL program provides limited funds for demand reduction activities, the majority of which are supported by the GOJ, NGOs, and other donors. However, because the Jamaican public is poorly informed about drug abuse and its consequences, we will work with the GOJ to increase awareness through provision of expert speakers and advice, provided directly and via regional programs.

Program Development and Support funds will provide for salaries, benefits and allowances of permanently-assigned U.S. and locally-hired support personnel, and other general administrative and operating expenses for program planning, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

Effectiveness Measurements


Jamaica
INL Budget ($000)

    FY 1999   FY 2000   FY 2001
Narcotics Law Enforcement      
     Commodities
         (Vehicles, communication
         and investigative equipment
         computers, eradication gear,
         aviation parts, etc.)		          210          235         350
     Other Costs
         (Fuel, training, operational
         support
          280          205          295
      Subtotal          490           440          645
Port Security          200            --           --
Money Laundering
      Training and equipment		            --           100          150
Judicial Reform            --           100          150
Program Development and Support      
     U.S. Personnel      
        Direct hire (1)            --             50          120