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Entered into force May 29, 1975 for VII-1 thru VII-3 and VII-6 thru VII-8, June 24, 1981 for VII-4 and VII-9, February 10, 1988 for VII-5.

Article IX, paragraph 4, of the Antarctic Treaty provides that recommended measures “shall become effective when approved by all the Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meetings held to consider those measures.”

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U.S. Department of State

The Lessons of 1989: Freedom and Our Future