Limits in the Seas

This series, issued by the Office of Ocean and Polar Affairs, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs in the Department of State, aims to examine coastal States’ maritime claims and/or boundaries, and assess their consistency with international law.  The studies represent the views of the United States Government only on the specific matters discussed therein and do not necessarily reflect an acceptance of the limits claimed.

No. 151 Panama Maritime Claims and Boundaries [1 MB], Sept. 2022
No. 150 People’s Republic of China: Maritime Claims in the South China Sea [11 MB], Jan. 2022
              Chinese Translation of Executive Summary [255 KB]
              Vietnamese Translation of Executive Summary [216 KB]
              State Practice Supplement [16 MB]
No. 149 Spain Maritime Claims and Boundaries [2 MB], Nov. 2020
No. 148 Norway Maritime Claims and Boundaries [3 MB], Aug. 2020
No. 147 Ecuador Maritime Claims and Boundaries [1 MB], July 2020
No. 146 Republic of Kiribati Maritime Claims and Boundaries [931 KB], Mar. 2020
No. 145 Republic of the Marshall Islands Maritime Claims and Boundaries [915 KB], Feb. 2020
No. 144 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines’ Maritime Claims and Boundaries [971 KB], Oct. 2019
No. 143 China’s Maritime Claims in the South China Sea [1 MB], Dec. 2014
No. 142 Philippines’ Maritime Claims and Boundaries [1 MB], Sep. 2014
No. 141 Indonesia’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [2 MB], Sep. 2014
No. 140 Mauritius’ Maritime Claims and Boundaries [2 MB], July 2014
No. 139 Tuvalu’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries  [1,009 KB], May 2014
No. 138 Papua New Guinea’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [2 MB], May 2014
No. 137 Vanuatu’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [778 KB], Mar. 2014
No. 136 Solomon Islands’ Maritime Claims and Boundaries  [1 MB], Mar. 2014
No. 135 Grenada’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [1 MB], Mar. 2014
No. 134 Comoros’ Maritime Claims and Boundaries  [2 MB], Mar. 2014
No. 133 Antigua and Barbuda’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [603 KB] Mar. 2014
No. 132 Seychelles’ Maritime Claims and Boundaries [812 KB], Feb. 2014
No. 131 Trinidad and Tobago’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [782 KB], Feb. 2014
No. 130 Dominican Republic’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [504 KB], Feb. 2014
No. 129 Cabo Verde’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [709 KB], Feb. 2014
No. 128 The Bahamas’ Maritime Claims and Boundaries [754 KB], Feb. 2014
No. 127 Taiwan’s Maritime Claims [778 KB], Nov. 2005
No. 126 Maldives Maritime Claims and Boundaries [526 KB], Sep. 2005
No. 125 Jamaica’s Maritime Claims and Boundaries [1 MB], Feb. 2004
No. 124 Straight Baseline Claim: Honduras [1 MB] June 2001
No. 123 Uruguay’s Maritime Claims [696 KB], Nov. 2000
No. 122 Thailand Straight Baseline Claims [3 MB], Sep. 2000
No. 121 Straight Baseline and Territorial Sea Claims: South Korea [2 MB], Sep. 1998
No. 120 Straight Baseline and Territorial Sea Claims: Japan [3 MB], Apr. 1998
No. 119 Maritime Boundary: United States – Niue [1 MB], June 1997
No. 118 Straight Baseline Claim: Pakistan [1,003 KB], Dec. 1996
No. 117 Straight Baselines Claim: China  [7 MB], July 1996
No. 116 Straight Baseline Claims: Albania and Egypt [6 MB], May 1994
No. 115 United States – United Kingdom Maritime Boundaries in the Caribbean [1 MB], Apr. 1994
No. 114 Iran’s Maritime Claims [2 MB], Mar. 1994
No. 113 Straight Baseline Claims: Djibouti and Oman [1 MB], May 1992
No. 112 United States Responses to Excessive National Maritime Claims [5 MB], Mar. 1992
No. 111 Straight Baseline Claim Costa Rica [622 KB], Sep. 1990
No. 110 Maritime Boundary Cuba – United States [575 KB], Feb. 1990
No. 109 Continental Shelf Boundary Turkey – USSR and Straight Baselines: USSR (Black Sea) [8 MB], Sep. 1988
No. 108 Maritime Boundaries of the World [317 KB], Nov. 1990
No. 107 Straight Baselines: USSR (Pacific Ocean, Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, and Bering Sea) [6 MB], Sep. 1987
No. 106 Developing Standard Guidelines for Evaluating Straight Baselines [1 MB], Aug. 1987
No. 105 Maritime Boundaries: Colombia – Dominican Republic and Netherlands (Netherlands Antilles) – Venezuela [4 MB], Feb. 1986
No. 104 Maritime Boundary: Cuba – Mexico [591 KB], Sep. 1985
No. 103 Straight Baselines: Colombia [8 MB], Apr. 1985
No. 102 Maritime Boundary: Burma – Thailand [1 MB], Jan. 1985
No. 101 Fiji’s Maritime Claims [3 MB], Nov. 1984
No. 100 Maritime Boundaries: United States – Cook Islands and United States – New Zealand (Tokelau) [559 KB], Dec. 1983
No. 99 Straight Baselines: Vietnam [5 MB], Dec. 1983
No. 98 Archipelagic Straight Baselines: Sao Tome and Principe [2 MB], Nov. 1983
No. 97 Maritime Boundaries: Costa Rica – Panama [648 KB], Dec. 1982
No. 96 Continental Shelf Boundary: Greece – Italy [1 MB], June 1982
No. 95 Maritime Boundary: France (Reunion) – Mauritius [579 KB], Apr. 1982
No. 94 Continental Shelf Boundaries: The Persian Gulf [12 MB], Sep. 1981
No. 93 Continental Shelf Boundaries: India – Indonesia – Thailand [3 MB], Sep. 1981
No. 92 Maritime Boundary: Kenya – Tanzania [3 MB], June 1981
No. 91 Maritime Boundary: United States – Venezuela [551 KB], Dec. 1980
No. 90 Continental Shelf Boundary: Italy – Spain [586 KB], May 1980
No. 89 Continental Shelf Boundary: Italy – Tunisia [4 MB], Jan. 1980
No. 88 Maritime Boundary: Ecuador – Peru [856 KB], Oct. 1979
No. 87 Territorial Sea and Continental Shelf Boundaries: Australia and Papua New Guinea – Indonesia [8 MB], Sep. 1979
No. 86 Maritime Boundary: Chile – Peru [454 KB], July 1979
No. 85 Maritime Boundary: The Gambia – Senegal [2 MB], Feb. 1979
No. 84 Maritime Boundary: Colombia – Costa Rica [5 MB], Feb. 1979
No. 83 Territorial Sea and Continental Shelf Boundaries: France – Spain [8 MB], Feb. 1979
No. 82 Straight Baselines: Republic of Korea [640 KB], Jan. 1979
No. 81 Maritime Boundaries: Indonesia – Malaysia – Thailand [3 MB], Dec. 1978
No. 80-1 Straight Baselines: Chile – Addendum [212 KB], May 1980
No. 80 Straight Baselines: Chile [1 MB], Nov. 1978
No. 79 Maritime Boundaries: Colombia – Panama [14 MB], Nov. 1978
No. 78 Maritime Boundary: India – Maldives and Maldives’ Claimed Economic Zone [2 MB], July 1978
No. 77 Maritime Boundaries: India – Sri Lanka [10 MB], Feb. 1978
No. 76 Straight Baselines: Cuba [6 MB], Oct. 1977
No. 75 Continental Shelf Boundary and Joint Development Zone: Japan – Republic of Korea [6 MB], Sep. 1977
No. 74 Maritime Boundary: Federal Republic of Germany – German Democratic Republic [PDF] [1 MB], Oct. 1976
No. 73 Maritime Boundary: Brazil – Uruguay  [5 MB], Sep. 1976
No. 72 Continental Shelf Boundary: Canada – Greenland [6 MB], Sep. 1976
No. 71 Continental Shelf Boundary: Finland – Sweden [8 MB], June 1976
No. 70 Fisheries Agreement: China – Japan [4 MB], Apr. 1976
No. 69 Maritime Boundary: Colombia – Ecuador  [2 MB] Apr. 1976
No. 68 Territorial Sea and Continental Shelf Boundary: Guinea – Bissau – Senegal [3 MB], Mar. 1976
No. 67 Continental Shelf Boundary: Iran – Oman  [7 MB], Jan. 1976
No. 66 Historic Waters Boundary: India – Sri Lanka [3 MB], Dec. 1975
No. 65 Continental Shelf and Territorial Sea Boundaries: German Democratic Republic and Poland  [5 MB], Nov. 1975
No. 64 Continental Shelf Boundary: Argentina – Uruguay [6 MB], Oct. 1975
No. 63 Continental Shelf Boundary: Iran – United Arab Emirates (Dubai)  [4 MB], Sep. 1975
No. 62 Continental Shelf Boundary: India – Indonesia [3 MB], Sep. 1975
No. 61 Straight Baselines: Oman (Hypothetical) [4 MB], June 1975
No. 60 Territorial Sea Boundary: Indonesia – Singapore [4 MB], Nov. 1974
No. 59 Soviet Union – Turkey Territorial Sea Boundary [585 KB], Oct. 1974
No. 58 Continental Shelf Boundary: Bahrain – Iran [4 MB], Sep. 1974
No. 57 Canada – St. Pierre and Miquelon Territorial Sea Boundary [5 MB], Sep. 1974
No. 56 Continental Shelf Boundary: Finland – Soviet Union (Northern Baltic Sea)  [1 MB], Oct. 1973
No. 55 Territorial Sea and Continental Shelf Boundaries: Poland – Soviet Union  [3 MB], Oct. 1973
No. 54 Straight Baselines: Senegal  [4 MB], Oct. 1973
No. 53 Straight Baselines: Syria  [856 KB], Oct. 1973
No. 52 Straight Baselines: East Germany [2 MB], Oct. 1973
No. 51 Straight Baselines: Haiti  [3 MB], May 1973
No. 50 Territorial Sea Boundary: Indonesia – Malaysia  [6 MB], Jan. 1973
No. 49 Territorial Sea Boundary: Cyprus – Sovereign Base Area (U.K.)  [152 KB], Nov. 1972
No. 48 Straight Baselines: Finland  [8 MB], Sep. 1972
No. 47 Straight Baselines: Sweden  [5 MB], Sep. 1972
No. 46 Theoretical Areas Allocations of Seabed to Coastal States  [766 KB], Sep. 1972
No. 45 Maritime Boundary: Mexico – United States  [227 KB], Sep. 1972
No. 44 Straight Baselines: Argentina  [1 MB], Sep. 1972
No. 43 Straight Baselines: People’s Republic of China  [12 MB], July 1978
No. 42 Straight Baselines: Ecuador  [2 MB], May 1972
No. 41 Straight Baselines: Mauritius  [2 MB], Mar. 1972
No. 40 Straight Baselines: Guinea  [3 MB], Mar. 1972
No. 39 Straight Baselines: Svalbard  [306 KB], Mar. 1972
No. 38 Straight Baselines: Germany  [4 MB], Jan. 1974
No. 37 Straight Baselines: France  [2 MB], Feb. 1972
No. 36 National Claims to Maritime Jurisdiction  [2 MB], May 2000
No. 35 Straight Baselines: Indonesia  [4 MB], July 1971
No. 34 Straight Baselines: Iceland  [4 MB] July 1974
No. 33 Straight Baselines: Philippines  [3 MB], Mar. 1973
No. 32 Straight Baselines: Turkey  [1 MB], Mar. 1971
No. 31 Straight Baselines: Thailand  [3 MB], Mar. 1971
No. 30 Straight Baselines: Portuguese Guinea  [1 MB], Nov. 1970
No. 29 Straight Baselines: Mozambique [1 MB], Nov. 1970
No. 28 Straight Baselines: Angola  [1,003 KB], Nov. 1970
No. 27 Straight Baselines: Portugal  [696 KB], Nov. 1970
No. 26 Territorial Sea Boundary: Denmark – Sweden  [3 MB], July 1970
No. 25 Continental Shelf Boundary: Iran – Qatar  [4 MB], July 1970
No. 24 Continental Shelf Boundary: Iran – Saudi Arabia  [4 MB], July 1970
No. 23 Straight Baselines: United Kingdom  [453 KB], June 1970
No. 22 Straight Baselines: United Arab Republic [171 KB], June 1970
No. 21 Straight Baselines: Venezuela  [987 KB], June 1970
No. 20 Straight Baselines: Saudi Arabia  [183 KB], June 1970
No. 19 Straight Baselines: Denmark  [2 MB], Dec. 1978
No. 18 Continental Shelf Boundary: Abu Dhabi – Qatar  [2 MB], May 1970
No. 17 Continental Shelf Boundary: Norway – Soviet Union  [1 MB], May 1970
No. 16 Continental Shelf Boundary: Finland – Soviet Union  [2 MB], May 1970
No. 15 Straight Baselines: Madagascar  [2 MB], Mar. 1970
No. 14 Straight Baselines: Burma  [1 MB], Mar. 1970
No. 13 Straight Baselines: Faeroes  [544 KB], Mar. 1970
No. 12 Continental Shelf Boundary: Bahrain – Saudi Arabia  [2 MB], Mar. 1970
No. 11 Continental Shelf Boundary: Trinidad and Tobago – Venezuela  [3 MB], Mar. 1970
No. 10 North Sea Continental Shelf Boundaries  [5 MB], June 1974
No. 9 Continental Shelf Boundary: Italy – Yugoslavia  [3 MB], Feb. 1970
No. 8 Straight Baselines: Mauritania  [760 KB], Feb. 1970
No. 7 Straight Baselines: Albania  [925 KB], Feb. 1970
No. 6 Straight Baselines: Yugoslavia  [3 MB], Feb. 1970
No. 5 Straight Baselines: Dominican Republic  [1 MB] Jan. 1970
No. 4 Straight Baselines: Mexico  [209 KB], Jan. 1970
No. 3 Straight Baselines: Ireland  [973 KB], Jan. 1970
No. 2 Continental Shelf Boundary: Norway – Sweden  [792 KB], Jan. 1970
No. 1 Continental Shelf Boundary: Indonesia – Malaysia  [2 MB], Jan. 1970