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Investment Climate Statements

Custom Report Excerpts:

Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs

Kazakhstan

13. Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment Statistics

Table 2: Key Macroeconomic Data, U.S. FDI in Host Country/Economy
Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or International Source of Data:  BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
Economic Data Year Amount Year Amount  
Host Country Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (M USD ) 2018 174,675  2018 179,340 https://data.worldbank.org/
country/kazakhstan 
Foreign Direct Investment Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or international Source of data:  BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
U.S. FDI in partner country (M USD , stock positions) Jan 1, 2020 36,541   2012 12,512 BEA data available at
http://bea.gov/international/
direct_investment_multinational_
companies_comprehensive_data.htm 
Host country’s FDI in the United States (M USD , stock positions) Jan 1, 2020 177 2016 -3 BEA data available at
http://bea.gov/international/
direct_investment_multinational_
companies_comprehensive_data.htm 
Total inbound stock of FDI as % host GDP 2018 91.8% 2018 87.5% https://unctad.org/en/Pages/DIAE/
World%20Investment%20Report/
Country-Fact-Sheets.aspx 

*The Statistic Committee and The National Bank of Kazakhstan

Table 3: Sources and Destination of FDI
Direct Investment from/in Counterpart Economy Data (2018)
From Top Five Sources/To Top Five Destinations (US Dollars, Millions)
Inward Direct Investment Outward Direct Investment
Total Inward 149,008 100% Total Outward 16,798 100%
 Netherlands 63,219 42% Netherlands 11,002 65%
 United States 31,229 21%  United Kingdom 3,381 20%
 France 13,214 9% Russian Federation 1,320 8%
China P.R: Main land 8,269 6% Bahamas,The 794 5%
 Japan 5,906 4% Cayman Islands 605 4%
“0” reflects amounts rounded to +/- USD  500,000.
Table 4: Sources of Portfolio Investment
Portfolio Investment Assets (Dec 31, 2018)
Top Five Partners (Millions, US Dollars)
Total Equity Securities Total Debt Securities
All Countries 60,675 100% All Countries 10,626 100% All Countries 50,049 100%
United States 30,015 49.5%  United States 5,949 56% United States 24,066 48.1%
France 3,737 6.2%  Japan 843 8% Japan 3,599 7.2%
United Kingdom 3,647 6% United Kingdom 829 7.8% France 3,387 6.7%
Japan 3,599 5.9% Switzerland 357 3.4% South Korea 3,048 6.1%
South Korea 3,049 5% France 350 3.3% United Kingdom 2,818 5.6%

Kyrgyz Republic

13. Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment Statistics

Table 2: Key Macroeconomic Data, U.S. FDI in Host Country/Economy
Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or International Source of Data:
BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
Economic Data Year Amount Year Amount
Host Country Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ($M USD) 2019 $8,453 2018 $8,093 www.worldbank.org/en/country 
Foreign Direct Investment Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or international Source of data:
BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
U.S. FDI in partner country ($M USD, stock positions) 2019 5.5 2018 27 BEA data available at
https://www.bea.gov/international/
direct-investment-and-multinational-
enterprises-comprehensive-data 
Host country’s FDI in the United States ($M USD, stock positions) 2019 1.5 2018 0 BEA data available at
https://www.bea.gov/international/
direct-investment-and-multinational-
enterprises-comprehensive-data 
Total inbound stock of FDI as % host GDP N/A N/A 2018 48.4 UNCTAD data available at
https://unctad.org/en/Pages/DIAE/
World%20Investment%20Report/
Country-Fact-Sheets.aspx 

*Source for Host Country Data: National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic; http://www.stat.kg 

Table 3: Sources and Destination of FDI
Direct Investment from/in Counterpart Economy Data
From Top Five Sources/To Top Five Destinations (2018, US Dollars, Millions)
Inward Direct Investment Outward Direct Investment
Total Inward 4915 100% Total Outward 11 100%
China 1,345 27% China 6 57%
Russian Federation 1,064 22% Tajikistan 2 16%
Canada 1,059 22% Kazakhstan 2 14%
United Kingdom 333 7% Russian Federation 1 11%
Kazakhstan 183 4% Turkey 0 1%
“0” reflects amounts rounded to +/- USD 500,000.

Table 4: Sources of Portfolio Investment
Data not available. The Kyrgyz Republic has limited stock and bond markets for portfolio investors. The country is not listed on the IMF’s Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey (CPIS) site. It is unlikely the country has any large portfolio investors.

Tajikistan

13. Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment Statistics

Table 2: Key Macroeconomic Data, U.S. FDI in Host Country/Economy
Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or International Source of Data: BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
Economic Data Year Amount Year Amount
Host Country Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ($M USD) 2019 $7,986 2018 $7,523 https://data.worldbank.org/
country/tajikistan 
Foreign Direct Investment Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or internationalSource of data: BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
U.S. FDI in partner country ($M USD, stock positions) 2018 $43 2018 $43 BEA data available at
https://www.bea.gov/
international/di1usdbal 
Host country’s FDI in the United States ($M USD, stock positions) 2018 $N/A 2018 $N/A BEA data available at
https://www.bea.gov/
international/di1fdinew 
Total inbound stock of FDI as % host GDP 2019 50.8% 2018 36.7% UNCTAD data available at
https://unctad.org/en/Pages/DIAE/
World%20Investment%20Report/
Country-Fact-Sheets.aspx 

* Source for Host Country Data: National Bank and State Statistics Agency

Table 3: Sources and Destination of FDI
Direct Investment from/in Counterpart Economy Data
From Top Five Sources/To Top Five Destinations (US Dollars, Millions)
Inward Direct Investment Outward Direct Investment
Total Inward 2,860 100% Total Outward 130 100%
China, P.R. 1,437 50.2% Italy 129 99.2%
Russian Federation 340 11.9%
United Kingdom 282 9.8%
Switzerland 132 4.6
Iran 124 4.3%
“0” reflects amounts rounded to +/- USD 500,000.

Table 4: Sources of Portfolio Investment
Data not available.

Turkmenistan

13. Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment Statistics

Government data on many economic indicators, including Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), are generally unavailable or unreliable.  According to various independent analysts, however, most foreign investment is directed toward the country’s oil and gas sector.  Turkmenistan has a natural gas production sharing agreement (PSA) for the Bagtyyarlyk contractual territory with the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), the only foreign firm Turkmenistan has allowed into onshore gas production.  In the oil sector there are two onshore PSAs:  the Nebitdag contractual territory operated by Italy’s ENI, and the Hazar project operated jointly by the Turkmennebit state oil concern and Mitro International of Austria.  In addition, there are five PSAs for offshore operations:  Block I operated by Petronas of Malaysia, Block II (Cheleken Contractual Territory) operated by Dragon Oil (UAE), Block III operated by Buried Hill (UK), Blocks 19 and 20 operated by ENI (Italy), and Block 21 operated by Areti (Russian-owned, headquartered in Switzerland).  RWE of Germany terminated its PSA for Block 23 with the Government of Turkmenistan and closed down its Turkmenistan branch in December 2017.

Table 2: Key Macroeconomic Data, U.S. FDI in Host Country/Economy
Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or International Source of Data:
BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
Economic Data Year Amount Year Amount
Host Country Gross Domestic Product (GDP), in billions 2018 $40.76 2018 $61.8 http://country.eiu.com/Turkmenistan/
ArticleList/Updates/Economy 
Foreign Direct Investment Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or international Source of data:
BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
U.S. FDI in partner country ($M USD, stock positions) N/A N/A ** BEA data available at
https://www.bea.gov/international/
direct-investment-and-multinational-
enterprises-comprehensive-data 
Host country’s FDI in the United States ($M USD, stock positions) N/A N/A ** BEA data available at
https://www.bea.gov/international/
direct-investment-and-multinational-
enterprises-comprehensive-data 
Total inbound stock of FDI as % host GDP N/A N/A 2018 81.6% UNCTAD data available at
https://unctad.org/sections/dite_dir/
docs/wir2019/wir19_fs_tm_en.pdf  

* Source for Host Country Data:  2019 Statistical Yearbook of Turkmenistan, State Committee of Statistics of Turkmenistan

** Statistics not available.  Amount is either zero, or is grouped with other countries under “other” in the source data.

Table 3: Sources and Destination of FDI
The IMF does not detail the sources and destination of FDI for Turkmenistan: http://data.imf.org/CDIS 
UNCTAD has limited data on FDI for Turkmenistan: https://unctad.org/en/Pages/DIAE/World%20Investment%20Report/Country-Fact-Sheets.aspx 

Table 4: Sources of Portfolio Investment 
The IMF does not provide sources of portfolio investment for Turkmenistan: http://data.imf.org/CDIS 

Uzbekistan

13. Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment Statistics

Table 2: Key Macroeconomic Data, U.S. FDI in Host Country/Economy
Host Country Statistical source* USG or international statistical source USG or International Source of Data:
BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
Economic Data Year Amount Year Amount  
Host Country Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ($M USD) 2019 58,000 2019 N/A www.worldbank.org/en/country
Foreign Direct Investment Host Country Statistical source USG or international statistical source USG or international Source of data:
BEA; IMF; Eurostat; UNCTAD, Other
U.S. FDI in partner country ($M USD, stock positions) N/A N/A 2019 N/A BEA data available at
https://www.bea.gov/international/
direct-investment-and-multinational-
enterprises-comprehensive-data
Host country’s FDI in the United States ($M USD, stock positions) N/A N/A 2019 N/A BEA data available at
https://www.bea.gov/international/
direct-investment-and-multinational-
enterprises-comprehensive-data
Total inbound stock of FDI as % host GDP 2019 9,800 2019 N/A UNCTAD data available at
https://unctad.org/en/Pages/DIAE/
World%20Investment%20Report/
Country-Fact-Sheets.aspx   

* Source for Host Country Data: The State Statistics Committee of Uzbekistan

Table 3: Sources and Destination of FDI
Data not available.

Table 4: Sources of Portfolio Investment
Data not available.

Investment Climate Statements
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