The government increased law enforcement efforts. Luxembourg prohibits all forms of sex and labor trafficking through articles 382-1 and 382-2 of the criminal code, although article 382-1 is broader than the international definition and could be used to prosecute non-trafficking cases, as force, fraud, and coercion are aggravating factors that increase penalties rather than a means to commit the offense. The prescribed penalties range from three to 10 years imprisonment for adult trafficking and 10 to 20 years imprisonment for child trafficking. These penalties are sufficiently stringent and commensurate with penalties prescribed for other serious crimes, such as rape. During the reporting period, the government reported initiating 10 investigations, the same number as the previous reporting period; eight cases were for sex trafficking and two for forced labor. The government initiated five new prosecutions, compared with two prosecutions in 2015. The government convicted 11 traffickers for sex trafficking in 2016, an increase compared with five in 2015. The courts suspended the majority of prison sentences in 2016, resulting in insufficiently stringent penalties which weaken deterrence of trafficking offenses. Six traffickers received fully suspended sentences and fines ranging from €1,000 to €10,000 ($1,050 to $10,530). Four traffickers received partially suspended sentences and were ordered to serve between six and 25 months in prison. Three of these four traffickers were also ordered to pay up to €15,000 ($15,810) in fines. One trafficker had a prior criminal record and received a full sentence of two years imprisonment and a fine of €10,000 ($10,530). During the reporting period, Luxembourg, in partnership with Belgium and the Netherlands, hosted three trainings and conferences for government officials, including police and prosecutors, and victim assistance NGOs to increase regional cooperation. The government did not report any investigations, prosecutions, or convictions of government officials complicit in human trafficking offenses.